Islamic view of the Last Judgment

In Islam, Yawm al-Qiyāmah "the Day of Resurrection" (Template:Lang-ar) or Yawm ad-Din "the Day of Judgement" (Template:Lang-ar) is God's final assessment of humanity. al-Qiyāmah is also the name of the 75th surah of the Qur'an.

The sequence of events according to the most common understanding is the annihilation of all creatures, resurrection of the body and the judgment of all sentient creatures.

Final judgment forms one of the main themes of the Qur'an. Many Qur'anic verses, especially the earliest ones, are dominated by the idea of the nearing Day of Resurrection.

Importance and Terminology

Belief in al-Qiyāmah is considered a fundamental tenet of faith by most Muslims. The trials and tribulations associated with it are detailed in both the Qur'an and the hadith, as well as in the commentaries of the Islamic expositors and scholarly authorities such as al-Ghazali, Ibn Kathir, Ibn Majah, Muhammad al-Bukhari, and Ibn Khuzaimah who explain them in detail. Every human, Muslim and non-Muslim alike, is held accountable for his or her deeds and are judged by God accordingly.^{[Quran 74:38]}.

The importance of the Last Judgement is underlined by the many references to it in the Qur'an and its many names. For example, it is also called "the Day of Reckoning",

"the Hour"

, "Day of the Account"

, "Day of the Gathering", "Day of the Reckoning", "Day of Distress"

and the "Great Announcement".

Overview

The Qur'an states that even the smallest acts of the believers will not be wasted.

[A]nyone who has an atom's worth of goodness will see it and anyone who has done an atom's worth of evil will also see it.^{[Quran 99:7]}

Those whose belief in God shaped their correct perception on life, and who did good deeds and are faithful will be tested in this world but will be rewarded in the hereafter if their deeds are deemed acceptable by Allah and vice versa.^{[Quran 2:62]}

Barzakh

Barzakh is a sequence that happens after death, in which the soul separates from the body and then rests in a cold sleep state.

Judgment

Main article: Barzakh

During judgment, a man's or a woman's own book of deeds will be opened, and will be apprised of every action one did and every word one spoke (Qur'an 54.52-53). Actions taken during childhood are not judged. The account of deeds is so detailed that the man or woman will be in awe at how comprehensive the account is, such that even lesser and trivial deeds are included. Throughout judgment, however, the underlying principle is that of a complete and perfect justice administered by God. The accounts of judgment are also replete with the emphasis that God is merciful and forgiving, and that mercy and forgiveness will be granted on that day insofar as it is merited.

This is dissimilar to some branches of Christianity, where salvation is by the grace of God (Titus 2:11) through sharing with Jesus Christ the experience of crucifixion, death, and resurrection (Romans 6:4, Galatians 2:20, Romans 6:9-11), and salvation is not by deeds (Galatians 2:16, 2:21, 3:6-14). Islam, however, emphasizes that grace does not conflict with perfect justice.

The age of the hereafter or rest of eternity is the final stage commencing after the Day of Judgment and all of humanity has received their judgment from God. If they were righteous and did good deeds based on their own circumstances, then if Allah wills, by his mercy they go to Jannah (heaven) a state of bliss and if they have attained little in life, and were unrighteous in their actions—or were despite all evidence shown to them bent on denying the truth of life once it was presented to them—based on their own circumstances they shall go to Jahannam (a spiritual state of suffering). This stage of life commences officially after the embodiment of Death is brought up and is slain, thus Death dies literally, and no one will ever experience or behold the concept of Death everafter. Based on the verdict received which is brought upon by each person's individual deeds actions and circumstances in life the Day of Judgment which everyone is judged with the utmost sense of justice, each human will spend this stage of life in Heaven or Hell (which will be a place for purification of the soul so that one realizes the wrongs each has committed in life) . However, those in hell are eligible to go to the state of heaven after being purified by the state described as hell at a later time if they "had an atom's worth of faith in them" and the soul repentful. It is believed by many Muslims that a Muslim will end up in Jannah once their sins have been punished.

See also

• Islamic eschatology
• Eschatology
• Last Judgment
• End of the world in religion
• End Times
• Angels in Islam
• Mahdi

• Isa
• Resurrection

References

• The Holy Qur'an
• al-Bukhari, Sahih Bukhari (hadith collection)
• fath al-bârî fî sharh sahîh al-bukhârî (hadith collection)
• Al-Ghazâli, Ihya' `Olôm al-dîn (Revival of religious sciences)
• Esposito, John (2003). The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-512558-4.
• Richard C. Martin, Said Amir Arjomand, Marcia Hermansen, Abdulkader Tayob, Rochelle Davis, John Obert Voll, ed. (2003). Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World. MacMillan Reference Books. ISBN 978-0028656038. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)

External links

• Judgment day in the Qur'ân and hadith
• Islam Basics
• Tajweed ul Qur'an
• al-Qiyâmah
• Signs of the Appearance of the dajjal and His Destruction
• Signs of Qiyamah
• Signs of the Last Hour
• The two blowings of the Trumpet of Light which ushers in the period of Judgment
• Signs of the Last Day from Hadith and holy Quran

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