Grampa Simpson

Abraham Jay Simpson (voiced by Dan Castellaneta), commonly called Abe Simpson or Grampa, is a fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He is the patriarch of the Simpson family, the father of Homer Simpson, and the grandfather of Bart, Lisa, and Maggie Simpson. In the 1000th issue of Entertainment Weekly, Abe was selected as the Grandpa for "The Perfect TV Family."

Abe is a World War II veteran who was later sent to the Springfield Retirement Castle by Homer. He is known for his long, rambling stories and incompetence. He shares his name with one of Matt Groening's relatives; in this case, his grandfather. However, Groening says he refused to name him, leaving it to other writers to choose a name. By coincidence, the writers chose the name Abraham.

Role in The Simpsons

Abraham Simpson is the father to Homer Simpson, father-in-law to Marge Simpson and grandfather to siblings Bart, Lisa and Maggie. Abe has also fathered two illegitimate children; a daughter named Abbie by a British woman named Edwina while in England during World War II, and Herbert Powell by a carnival prostitute. Abe has an older brother named Cyrus, who lives in Tahiti and has multiple native wives. He also has a younger brother named Chet, who owns an unsuccessful shrimp company. Abe was briefly married to Amber, the same woman Homer married on a drinking binge in Las Vegas. Abe has also been briefly married to Marge's sister, Selma Bouvier.

Almost all of Abe's biographical information is supplied by himself. Many of his stories seem to be wildly inaccurate, often physically or historically impossible, and occasionally inconsistent even with each other, suggesting that Abe is quite senile. It is unknown where Abe was born. He claims that he came to America as boy from the "Old country", but he cannot remember which country it was. Abe was raised in New York City with his parents, Orville J. Simpson and Yuma Hickman.

Abe is a veteran of World War II, where he served as Sergeant of the special forces team Flying Hellfish unit. At the very end of war in Europe, Abe's unit "liberated" a stash of priceless art from surrendering German forces. The Flying Hellfish formed a tontine, and buried the art in a trunk at sea. Decades later, Montgomery Burns, then second surviving member of the unit, tried to murder Abe in order to get the art, prompting Abe to violate the tontine. When Abe and Bart retrieved the art from Mr. Burns, the State Department arrived to give the art to their rightful owner.

Homer's mother, Mona Simpson, was married with Abe for several years. She became entranced with the hippie lifestyle after seeing Joe Namath's hair on television. She became a fugitive from justice after she abetted in the sabotage of a biological weapons research lab owned by Mr. Burns. To explain this to his then-six-year-old son, Abe said that Mona died while Homer was at the movies. Abe has a poor relationship with his son, who placed Abe in a nursing home as soon as he could. The Simpson family will often do their best to avoid unnecessary contact with Abe, but Homer has shown feelings of love for his father from time to time.

Character

Creation

File:Groening at comiccon.jpg

Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons, wanted to have a "really cranky old guy" on the show who complained a lot and invented stories to tell to children, so he created Abe.

Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons, wanted to have a character that was "really cranky" and old, and who complained a lot and invented stories to tell to children, so he created Abe. After naming the main characters after his own family members (except for Bart, an anagram of "brat", which he substituted for his own name), Groening refused to name Abe after his grandfather, Abraham Groening. He left it to the writers to choose a name and they chose "Abraham", not knowing that is was also the name of Groening's grandfather. Abe first appeared in the Simpsons short "Grampa and the Kids", which premiered on The Tracey Ullman Show on January 10, 1988. In the short, Abe tells his grandchildren stories of "the good old days". When they stop paying attention to him, he feigns his own death to recapture their attention.

The Simpsons writer Al Jean commented that Abe is often the focus of pointed jokes about old people. He said the reason for that is because the staff is trying to illustrate how society mistreats the elderly, "and some of it is because people over 55 never watch our show". Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein, former writers on the show, said that they liked to write episodes about Abe because they are "obsessed" with old people. Weinstein commented that they "both love [old people] and seem to really hate them at the same time". He also said that he "enjoys" to write for characters such as Abe and Mr. Burns because of their "out-datedness", and because he gets to use dictionaries for looking up "old time slang".

Voice

Abe's voice is performed by Dan Castellaneta, who also voices numerous other characters, including Homer Simpson, Krusty the Clown, Barney Gumble, Groundskeeper Willie, Mayor Quimby and Hans Moleman. Castellaneta was part of the regular cast of The Tracey Ullman Show and had previously done some voice-over work in Chicago alongside his wife Deb Lacusta. Castellaneta likes to stay in character during recording sessions, and tries to visualize a scene in his mind so that he can give the proper voice to it. The episode "Grampa vs. Sexual Inadequacy" (season six, 1994) featured many interactions between Abe and Homer, so Castellaneta therefore had to talk to himself when he recorded the voices for that episode. Castellaneta said it is hard for him to do Grampa's voice because it is "wheezy and airy".

Personality

Abe is an old, grizzled, periodically incontinent and quite senile man, who lives in the Springfield Retirement Castle, a sad, lonely place filled with demented, crippled and depressed old people. His closest friend appears to be Jasper, a fellow Retirement Castle resident. He often shares long-winded recollections about his past, many of which are often far-fetched rants. Among Abe's stories are the time he chased Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1922, the time John D. Rockefeller dropped silver dollars on him while floating in a Zeppelin, various times spent harassing Springfield's Irish immigrant community, listening to Thomas Edison recite the alphabet over the radio, when President Grover Cleveland spanked him on two nonconsecutive occasions, and when he "took a shot" at President Theodore Roosevelt. Abe claims to have attempted to kill Adolf Hitler on two occasions, one when he threw a javelin at him in the 1936 Summer Olympics, which actually hit an assassin, and once when he attempted to shoot him with a sniper rifle, missing only by a few centimetres.

Many of Abe's war stories contradict each other, as some have him as serving in the Army, while others portray him as having been in the Navy. He also claims to have earned the Iron Cross. He also states that he never thought himself capable of shooting down a German plane but states "last year I proved myself wrong".

He spends a good deal of his time writing complaint letters. He once wrote to the President, complaining that there were too many states, and requesting that they get rid of three of them, simultaneously insisting that he was "not a crackpot". He also wrote to "the sickos at Modern Bride Magazine" about his disgust at not seeing "one wrinkled face" or "a single toothless grin" in the publication. He also owns a 49-star American flag, because of his undefined hatred of the state of Missouri: "I'll be deep in the cold, cold ground before I recognize Missourah."

Abe also is soundly rooted in his antiquated ways: "The metric system is the tool of the devil! My car gets 40 rods to the hogshead and that's the way I likes it." (This is approximately .002 mpg, or 10.5 feet per gallon). Like many of his fellow Retirement Castle residents, Abe is a devoted follower of Matlock. He seems to believe Matlock is a real person, suggesting they call him in to solve real-life crimes. During a Matlock public appearance, Abe and Jasper swipe Matlock's pills, which were needed to prevent him from having a spastic heart failure. Once, reflecting on his lifetime, he lamented it as terribly boring and full of unruly teenagers, but then decided it was alright because "we did have two shows with Andy Griffith".

Reception

Commendations

Nancy Basile of About.com named Abe the fifth best character of The Simpsons, calling him a "perfect stereotypical old person". In the 1000th issue of Entertainment Weekly, Abe was selected as the "Grandpa for The Perfect TV Family". Joe Rhodes of TV Guide considered Abe's most memorable line to be "If I'm not back at the home by nine, they declare me legally dead and collect my insurance." Dan Castellaneta has won two Primetime Emmy Awards in the Outstanding Voice-Over Performance category for voicing various characters, including Abe. The first was awarded in 1992 for the episode "Lisa's Pony", and the second in 2004 for "Today I Am A Clown". The Simpsons writer David Mirkin said that one of his favorite jokes on the show is the one where Abe cycles down the street in high speed and shouts that he feels young again, and is then knocked flying from his bicycle after a dolls head flies into the spokes and falls into an open grave. In a review of the Abe-centric episode "Lady Bouvier's Lover", Patrick Bromley of DVD Verdict said that he is "never terribly interested" in episodes that revolve around Abe, because he believes Abe is "great as a background character, but less so when he takes center stage." DVD Movie Guide's Colin Jacobson said in a review of the same episode that Abe is "always fun" and "it’s nice to see him in an ebullient mood, at least for a while."

Analysis

Writer David Mirkin thinks that what makes Abe funny is that the "boring" and "tedium" things he says are "actually funny" in the context of the boring and the tedium.

Mirkin thinks it is hard to make a "boring" and "tedium" character, such as Abe, funny. He believes that what ultimately makes Abe funny is that the things he says are "actually funny" in the context of the boring and the tedium. Anne-Marie Barry and Chris Yuill, the authors of the book Understanding the Sociology of Health, commented that in episodes in which Abe appears, the comedy content is often generated by Abe falling asleep at "inopportune" moments or "embarking" on long rambling stories about his youth. "Instances such as these match popular stereotypes that all old people are 'demented' and in poor health," they wrote.

Alan S. Brown and Chris Logan wrote in The Psychology of The Simpsons that Abe has the least amount of "power" in the Simpson family, and that he is treated as little more than a child and is often ignored. The family frequently laughs at his "failing" memory and his "ineffectual" attempts to get what he wants. They added that Abe is left behind, forgotten, and rarely invited to spend time with the family. The authors commented that he is "not without influence, but he certainly does not play the traditional grandfather role in the family hierarchy."

Brown and Logan also wrote that Abe had a considerable influence in the formation of Homer's character, and that flashbacks in The Simpsons show what an "angry", "critical" father he was to Homer. "He yelled, used corporal punishment, and constantly belittled Homer's attempts to have fun, date, and excel at various activities," they added. The authors said that Homer tries "in vain" to repair his relationship with Abe and continuously seeks for his approval, but Abe continues to be "as critical as ever". In his book Understanding the Psychology of Diversity, author Bruce Evan Blaine wrote that Abe is typically portrayed as a "doddering", "senile", and "dependent" person who is a "trivial" and "often disposable figure" in his son's life.

Merchandising

Playmates Toys created two Abe Simpson action figures for the World of Springfield series. The first, released in May 2000, depicts Abe in his usual appearance. The second, "Sunday Grampa", was released in June 2002, and depicts Abe in his Sunday church clothes. Alongside the television series, Abe regularly appears in issues of Simpsons Comics, which were first published on November 29, 1993 and are still issued monthly. Abe also plays a role in The Simpsons Ride, launched in 2008 at Universal Studios Florida and Hollywood.

External links

• Abe Simpson's profile at TheSimpsons.com
• Template:Imdb character