Meadville, Pennsylvania

Meadville is a city in and the county seat of Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States.Template:GR The city is generally considered part of the Pittsburgh Tri-State and is within 40 miles of Erie, Pennsylvania. It was the first permanent settlement in northwest Pennsylvania. The population was 13,685 at the 2000 census.Template:GR

History

Meadville was founded on May 12, 1788 by a party of settlers led by David Mead. Its location was chosen well, for it lies at the confluence of Cussewago Creek and French Creek, and is only a day's travel by boat to the safety of Ft. Franklin.

Their settlement was in a large meadow, first cleared by Native Americans led by Chief Custaloga, and well suited for growing maize. The village Custaloga built here was known as Cussewago.

The neighboring Iroquois and Lenape befriended the isolated settlement, but their enemies, including the Wyandots, were not so amiable. The threat of their attacks caused the settlement to be evacuated for a time in 1791.

Around 1800, many of the settlers to the Meadville area came after receiving land bounties for service in the Revolutionary War. Allegheny College, the second oldest college west of the Allegheny Mountains, was founded in Meadville in 1815 and is the oldest college west of the Allegheny Mountains that has kept its original name. Meadville became an important transportation center after construction of the French Creek Feeder Canal in 1837 and of the Beaver and Erie Canal it connected to at Conneaut Lake and subsequent railroad development.

Meadville Theological School was established in 1844 by a wealthy businessman and Unitarian named Harm Jan Huidekoper. It moved to Chicago in 1926.

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries Meadville played a small part in the Underground Railroad helping escaping slaves to freedom. An event in September 1880 led to the end of segregation by race in the state's public schools. At the South Ward schools, Elias Allen tried unsuccessfully to enroll his two children. He appealed to the Crawford County Court of Common Pleas, and Judge Pearson Church declared unconstitutional the 1854 state law mandating separate schools for Negro children. This law was amended, effective July 4, 1881, to prohibit such segregation.

By the late 19th century, Meadville's economy was also driven by logging, agriculture, and iron production. The Talon Corporation, headquartered in Meadville, played a major role in the development of the zipper. Since the clothing industry was largely unaffected by the Great Depression, the community saw a population boom at that time. During World War II, the nearby Keystone Ordnance plant brought additional jobs to the area.

After the war, Meadville's industrial growth continued. Talon remained a major employer, along with the railroad industry, American Viscose (later known as Avtex Fibers), Channellock tools, and Dad's Pet Food. In the 1980s, the Great Lakes region saw a decline in heavy industry. By the early 1990s, Channellock and Dad's were the only large companies operating in Meadville. This blow to the local economy was softened by subsequent surge in light industry, mainly tool and die machine shops, earning Meadville the nickname Tool City, USA. The area has seen growth in the 1990s and first decade of the 21st century.

College

Meadville is the home of Allegheny College, a national liberal arts college with approximately 2100 students.

Primary and Secondary Education

List of schools in Meadville, Pennsylvania

• Meadville Area Senior High School (1,025)
• Meadville Middle School (515)
• Neason Hill Elementary School (317)
• First District Elementary School (315)
• East End Elementary School (308)
• Second District Elementary School (245)
• West End Elementary School (100)

Geography

Meadville is located at 41°38′32″N 80°8′51″W (41.642133, −80.147441).Template:GR

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.4 square miles (11.3 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there were 13,685 people, 5,436 households, and 2,891 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,145.2 people per square mile (1,214.7/km²). There were 5,985 housing units at an average density of 1,375.5 per square mile (531.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 91.98% White, 5.01% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.63% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, and 1.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.

There were 5,436 households out of which 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.5% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.8% were non-families. 38.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the city the population was spread out with 19.4% under the age of 18, 20.0% from 18 to 24, 22.0% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 18.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 81.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,402, and the median income for a family was $38,227. Males had a median income of $32,813 versus $22,579 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,290. About 13.7% of families and 22.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.3% of those under age 18 and 13.3% of those age 65 or over.

Notable natives

• Meghan Allen, Playboy model
• Henry Baldwin, Supreme Court Justice, lone dissenter in the Amistad Case
• John Joseph Bittner, geneticist and cancer biologist, who studied the genetics of breast cancer.
• Cameron Carpenter, Grammy-nominated organist
• Todd Erdos, Major League Baseball player
• Randy Fichtner, current quarterbacks coach of the Pittsburgh Steelers, graduate of Meadville Area Senior High
• Charles Homer Haskins, historian, advisor to President Woodrow Wilson
• Todd Holland, television and film director and producer
• Carl Hovde (1926–2009), professor and Dean during the Columbia University protests of 1968.
• Alison Irwin, reality show competitor
• Lynn Jones, former Major League Baseball player
• Alexander S. McDill, U.S. Representative from Wisconsin
• Raymond P. Shafer, former governor of Pennsylvania
• Michael S. Smith, jazz drummer and percussionist
• Sharon Stone, actress
• Gideon Sundback, member of the National Inventors Hall of Fame for his work on the development of the zipper
• Jay Tessmer, former Major League Baseball player
• Vicki Van Meter, record-setting child pilot

External links

• Alfred Huidekoper's 1850 chronology
• Meadville's downtown district is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
• The Crawford County Historical Society
• Greendale Cemetery: Meadville's largest cemetery, containing large amounts of information about Meadville and its history.