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| Strongest of six tremors that occurred during August 2007<ref>{{Cite news |title=City shaken by minor earthquake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6940546.stm |work=BBC |date=10 August 2007 |accessdate=2011-12-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Manchester wakes to earthquake |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/aug/30/naturaldisasters.world |newspaper=The Guardian |date=30 August 2007 |accessdate=2011-12-05}}</ref>
| Strongest of six tremors that occurred during August 2007<ref>{{Cite news |title=City shaken by minor earthquake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6940546.stm |work=BBC |date=10 August 2007 |accessdate=2011-12-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Manchester wakes to earthquake |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/aug/30/naturaldisasters.world |newspaper=The Guardian |date=30 August 2007 |accessdate=2011-12-05}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 27 February 2008<ref name=BGSmre20080227>{{cite web|title=Market Rasen Earthquake 27 February 2008 00:56 UTC 5.2 ML|url=http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/earthquakes/reports/market_rasen_27022008/market_rasen_27022008_intro.htm|publisher=British Geological Survey|accessdate=8 December 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080309224139/http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/earthquakes/reports/market_rasen_27022008/market_rasen_27022008_intro.htm|archivedate=9 March 2008}}</ref>
| 27 February 2008{{Cn}}
| [[Market Rasen]], [[Lincolnshire]]
| [[Market Rasen]], [[Lincolnshire]]
| 5.2
| 5.2

Revision as of 09:41, 8 December 2011

The following is a list of notable earthquakes that have been detected in the British Isles.

On average several hundred earthquakes are detected by the British Geological Survey each year, but almost all are far too faint to be felt by humans. Those that are felt generally cause very little damage.

Nonetheless, earthquakes have on occasion resulted in considerable damage, most notably in 1580 and 1884; Musson (2003) reports that there have been ten documented fatalities – six caused by falling masonry and four by building collapse.

Earthquakes

For earthquakes prior to the modern era, the magnitude and epicentre location are only approximate, and were calculated based on available reports from the time. The magnitude where given is measured using the Richter scale ().

Pre-17th century

Date Epicentre Notes
974[1] England [2]
1 May 1048[1] English Midlands Felt in Worcester, Warwick and Derby
4 July 1060[1] England
22 April 1076[1] England Also felt in France and Denmark
11 August 1089[1] England
28 August 1119[1] Western England
25 July 1122[1] Somerset and Gloucestershire
5 December 1129[1] England
4 August 1133[1] England
1 May 1158[1] England
26 January 1165[1] East Anglia
25 April 1180[citation needed] Nottinghamshire
15 April 1185[1] Lincoln Lincoln Cathedral badly damaged
January, 1199[1] Scotland
23 April 1228[1] England
1 June 1246[citation needed] Canterbury
13 February 1247[3] London
20 February 1247[1] Wales 5.5~5.5 Damage to St David's Cathedral in Pembrokeshire.
21 December 1248[1] South West England Wells Cathedral reported to have been badly damaged
19 February 1249[citation needed] South Wales
September 11, 1275[1] Southern England In Glastonbury, the Abbey was damaged and the Church of St. Michael on the Torr Hill destroyed
4 January 1299[1] South East England Felt in Kent and Middlesex, may have caused the collapse of St Andrew's church Hitchin
21 May 1318[1] England
28 March 1343[1] Eastern England Felt in Lincolnshire
27 March 1349[1] Eastern England Felt in Beverley
21 May 1382[1] Canterbury 5.8~5.8 The bell tower of the cathedral was "severally damaged" and the six bells "shook down". Cloister walls to the Canterbury dormitory were ruined. In Kent, All Saints Church, West Stourmouth, was badly damaged. Felt in London and lent its name to the "Earthquake Synod. "
24 May 1382[1] Canterbury 5.0~5.0 Aftershock of 21 May earthquake
28 December 1480[1] Norfolk
19 September 1508[1] North Sea Felt in England and Scotland. Recent studies suggest that this earthquake may have been as large as magnitude 7.0, with the epicenter in fact in the area north west of Scotland.[4]
July, 1534[1] North Wales 4.5~4.5 Felt in Dublin, Ireland.
25 May 1551 Croydon [5]
26 February 1575[1] West Midlands 5.0~5.0 Felt as far apart as York and Bristol
6 April 1580[1] Straits of Dover 5.8~5.8 First recorded fatality. See Dover Straits earthquake of 1580
1 May 1580[1] Straits of Dover 4.4~4.4 Principal aftershock of the Dover Straits earthquake of 1580 felt as far as Gravesend
23 July 1597[1] Scotland 4.6~4.6 Felt all over the Highlands
24 December 1601[1] North Sea Felt in London and the east of England
February, 1602[1] North Sea
8 November 1608[1] Comrie 4.6~4.6
2 March 1622[1] Scotland
11 April 1650[1] Cumberland 4.9~4.9
June, 1668[1] Borders No contemporary account of this shadowy event has come to light, but some later events are compared to it.[1]
6 October 1683[1] Derby 4.7~4.7 First British earthquake surveyed by the British Geological Survey
27 August 1690[1] Carmarthen 4.7~4.7 Also felt in Nantwich, Cheshire and Bideford, Devon
7 October 1690[1] Caernarfon 5.2~5.2 Felt from Dublin to London
8 September 1692[1] Brabant, Belgium 5.8~5.8 Felt in most parts of England, France, Germany and the Netherlands.[6]

18th century

Date Epicentre Notes
28 December 1703[1] Hull 4.2~4.2
25 October 1726[1] Dorchester 3.3~3.3 [7]
19 July 1727[1] Swansea 5.2~5.2
1 March 1728[1] Galashiels 4.2~4.2 No damage caused
25 October 1734[1] Portsmouth 4.5~4.5 Also felt in France
30 April 1736[1] Ochil Hills 2.7~2.7 Aftershocks also felt on 1 May
1 July 1747[1] Taunton 3.5~3.5
17 May 1749[1] Wimborne Minster 3.4~3.4
8 February 1750[1] London 2.6~2.6 [8]
8 March 1750[1] London 3.1~3.1 The last earthquake to have an epicentre in London.
18 March 1750[1] Portsmouth 4.3~4.3
2 April 1750[1] Chester 4.0~4.0
4 May 1750 Wimborne [9]
23 August 1750[1] North Sea 4.7~4.7
30 September 1750[1] Leicester 4.1~4.1
8 April 1753[1] Skipton 4.0~4.0
19 April 1754[1] Whitby 4.4~4.4
1 August 1755[1] Lincoln 4.2~4.2
10 January 1757[1] Norwich 3.3~3.3
17 May 1757[1] Todmorden 3.2~3.2
15 July 1757[1] Penzance 4.4~4.4
12 August 1757[1] Holyhead 3.5~3.5
9 June 1761[1] Shaftesbury 3.4~3.4 [10]
6 November 1764[1] Oxford 3.4~3.4
15 May 1768[1] Wensleydale 4.4~4.4
24 October 1768[1] Inverness 3.4~3.4
21 December 1768[1] Tewkesbury 4.1~4.1
2 April 1769[1] South Molton 3.2~3.2
14 November 1769[citation needed] Inverness Several fatalities
22 April 1773[1] Caernarfon 3.7~3.7
23 April 1773[1] Channel Islands 4.4~4.4 Felt in Dorset and Northern France
8 September 1775[1] Swansea 5.1~5.1
28 November 1776[1] Dover Straits 4.1~4.1
14 September 1777[1] Manchester 4.4~4.4 Felt widely in Manchester, Macclesfield, Preston, Wigan, Stockport and the surrounding area
29 August 1780[1] Llanrwst 3.8~3.8
9 December 1780[1] Wensleydale 4.8~4.8
5 October 1782[1] Amlwch 3.7~3.7
10 August 1783[1] Launceston 3.6~3.6
11 August 1786[1] Whitehaven 5.0~5.0
4 May 1789[1] Barnstaple 2.9~2.9
2 March 1792[1] Stamford 4.1~4.1
2 January and 12 March 1795[1] Comrie
18 November 1795[citation needed] Derbyshire 4.7~4.7
4 August 1797[1] Argyll 3.8~3.8

19th century

Date Epicentre Notes
12 March 1800[1] Conwy 3.3~3.3
1 June 1801[1] Chester 3.6~3.6
7 September 1801[1] Comrie 4.6~4.6 Climax of an earthquake swarm in Comrie lasting between 1788 and 1801
21 October 1802[1] Carmarthen 3.3~3.3
12 January 1805[1] Ruthin 3.0~3.0
21 April 1805[1] Stafford 3.2~3.2
18 January 1809[1] Strathearn 3.2~3.2
31 January and 1 February 1809[1] Strontian
30 November 1811[1] Chichester 3.4~3.4
1 May 1812[1] Neath 3.0~3.0
17 March 1816[1] Mansfield 4.2~4.2
13 August 1816[1] Inverness 5.1~5.1
23 April 1817[1] West Scotland 4.5~4.5
25 December 1820[1] Kintail 3.4~3.4
22 October 1821[1] Rothesay 3.2~3.2
23 October 1821[1] Comrie 3.0~3.0
18 January 1822 Holme-on-Spalding-Moor [11]
13 April 1822[1] Comrie 2.9~2.9
6 December 1824[1] Portsmouth 2.9~2.9
9 February 1827[1] Caernarfon 2.8~2.8
2 March 1831[1] Deal 3.1~3.1
28 July 1832[1] Chester 3.0~3.0
30 December 1832[1] Swansea 4.3~4.3
18 September 1833 to 27 August 1834[1] Chichester One fatality
20 August 1835[1] Lancaster 4.4~4.4
20 October 1837[1] Tavistock 3.2~3.2
20 March 1839[1] Invergarry 3.2~3.2
11 June 1839[1] Rochdale 2.9~2.9
1 September 1839[1] Monmouth 3.5~3.5
23 October 1839[1] Comrie, Comrie 4.8~4.8 This was the largest of all known Comrie earthquakes, and was felt over most of Scotland. It caused a dam near Stirling to breach.
18-19 January, 7 April and 26 October 1840[1] Comrie A monument to the first of these earthquakes was found in 1993 and now belongs to the Perth Museum.
12 March 1841[1] Comrie 3.1~3.1
30 July 1841[1] Comrie 3.9~3.9
20 December 1841[1] Kintail 3.0~3.0
15 August 1842[1] Caernarfon 3.0~3.0
25 February 1843[1] Argyll 3.4~3.4
10 March 1843[1] Todmorden 3.1~3.1
17 March 1843[1] Irish Sea 5.0~5.0
22 December 1843[1] Channel Islands 4.4~4.4 Felt in Devon.
18 January 1844[1] Comrie 3.9~3.9
24 November 1846[1] Comrie 3.0~3.0
16 November 1847[1] Newport 3.1~3.1
3 April 1852[1] Wells 3.2~3.2
1 June 1852[1] Swansea 2.9~2.9
12 August 1852[1] Callington 3.4~3.4
9 November 1852[1] Caernarfon 5.3~5.3 Felt over a large area, from Galway, Glasgow and London
19 February 1853[1] Inverness 3.9~3.9
27 March 1853[1] Hereford 3.8~3.8
1 April 1853[1] Coutances, France 5.2~5.2 Felt on the south coast of England.
1 April 1858[1] Liskeard 2.9~2.9
29 September 1858[1] Okehampton 2.5~2.5
6 June 1858[1] Stratherrick 3.7~3.7
13 August 1859[1] Ixworth 2.8~2.8
21 October 1859[1] Padstow 4.0~4.0
15 December 1859[1] Settle 3.0~3.0
13 January 1860[1] Newquay 4.0~4.0
6 October 1863[1] Hereford 5.2~5.2 Felt in Kent by Charles Dickens
21 August 1864[1] Lewes 3.1~3.1
26 September 1864[1] Todmorden 3.5~3.5
15 February 1865[1] Barrow in Furness 2.2~2.2
27 February 1867[1] Grasmere 2.7~2.7 An account of this earthquake was written by Harriet Martineau
8 May 1867[1] Comrie 3.0~3.0
4 January 1868[1] Langport 3.0~3.0
30 October 1868[1] Neath 4.9~4.9 Felt as far away as Manchester and Blackheath
9 January 1869[1] Ixworth 3.1~3.1
9 March 1869[1] Spean Bridge 3.1~3.1
15 March 1869[1] Rochdale 3.6~3.6
17 March 1871[1] Appleby 4.9~4.9
15 April 1871[1] Dunoon 3.1~3.1
8 August 1872[1] Dunblane 2.9~2.9
15 November 1874[1] Caernarfon 3.5~3.5
11 March and 23 April 1877[1] Mull
8 April 1879[1] Caernarfon
28 November 1880[1] Argyll 5.2~5.2 Largest recorded earthquake in Scotland.
16 January 1883[1] Abergavenny 3.8~3.8
25 June 1883[1] Launceston 4.2~4.2
22 April 1884[1] Colchester 4.6~4.6 The most damaging earthquake since 1580. At least two fatalities reported. Felt in France and Belgium. See 1884 Colchester earthquake
18 June 1885[1] Market Weighton
2 November 1893[1] Carmarthen 5.0~5.0
17 December 1896[1] Hereford 5.3~5.3 [12][13]

20th century

Date Epicentre Notes
18 September 1901[1] Inverness 5.0~5.0
19 June 1903[1] Caernarfon 4.9
27 June 1906[1] Swansea 5.2 One of the most damaging British earthquakes of the 20th century[14]
14 January 1916[1] Stafford 4.6 Felt from Lancaster to Bristol.
30 July 1926[1] Jersey
15 August 1926[1] Ludlow 4.8
24 January 1927[1] North Sea 5.7
7 June 1931[1] Dogger Bank, North Sea 6.1 Strongest officially recorded. See 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake
12 December 1940[1] North Wales 4.7 An elderly woman was killed after she fell down the stairs.[15]
30 December 1944[1] Skipton 4.8 Felt throughout northern England
11 February 1957[1] Derby 5.3 Felt across central England. largest UK post-war earthquake until 1984, and one of the most damaging earthquakes [of the Twentieth C]entury[1]
9 February 1958[1] North Sea 5.1 Felt throughout eastern England
9 August 1970[1] Kirkby Stephen 4.1
10 August 1974[1] Kintail 4.4
26 December 1979[1] Longtown, Cumbria 4.7 Felt throughout northern England and southern Scotland.
19 July 1984[1] Llŷn Peninsula 5.4 Felt across Ireland and western Great Britain. See 1984 Llŷn Peninsula earthquake
29 September 1986[1] Oban 4.1
2 April 1990[1] Bishop's Castle, Shropshire 5.1 Felt throughout most of England and Wales; numerous chimneys collapsed in Shrewsbury. See 1990 Bishop's Castle earthquake
15 February 1994[1] Norwich 4.0
4 March 1999[1] Isle of Arran 4.0

21st century

Date Epicentre Notes
23 September 2000[1] Warwick 4.2 Felt across the Midlands
28 October 2001[1] Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire 4.1 Felt across the East Midlands
13 February 2002 South Wales ~3.0 Felt in South Wales Valleys.[16]
22 September 2002[1] Dudley 4.7 Felt between Liverpool and London. See 2002 Dudley earthquake
21 October 2002[1] Manchester 3.9 Followed by a 3.5 magnitude event 22 seconds later.[17] Largest event in an earthquake swarm that occurred in the centre of Manchester during October and January 2003. During this swarm, over 110 tremors were recorded, with 30 being strong enough to be felt.[18]
14 February 2005 Llandudno 3.8 [1]
26 December 2006[citation needed] Dumfries 3.6
28 April 2007[citation needed] Folkestone, Kent 4.3 See 2007 Kent earthquake
10 August 2007 Manchester 2.5 Strongest of six tremors that occurred during August 2007[19][20]
27 February 2008[21] Market Rasen, Lincolnshire 5.2 Felt widely in England and Wales. See 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake.
26 October 2008[citation needed] Bromyard, Herefordshire 3.6
15 January 2009 Shetland Isles, Scotland 3.3 [22]
3 March 2009 Folkestone, Kent 3.0 [23]
11 April 2009 Goxhill, North Lincolnshire 3.0 [24]
28 April 2009 Ulverston, Cumbria 3.7 Felt around Barrow, Kendal, Windermere, Fleetwood and the North Lancaster area.[25][26]
1 September 2010 Central North Sea 3.5 [27]
21 December 2010 Coniston, Cumbria[28] [29] 3.5 Felt across Cumbria and also in Dumfries & Galloway, Isle of Man and Lancashire
3 January 2011 Ripon, North Yorkshire 3.6 Felt across Yorkshire and Cumbria.[30]
23 January 2011 Glenuig, Highland 3.5 Felt across the Western Highlands including in Inverness, Skye and Oban.[31]
23 June 2011 Bovey Tracey, Devon 2.7 [32]
14 July 2011 English Channel, Portsmouth, England 3.9 [33]
21 August 2011 Lochailort, Scottish Highlands, Scotland 2.9 [34]
20 October 2011 Glen Shiel, Scottish Highlands, Scotland 2.4 [35]
04 December 2011 Bodmin, Cornwall, England 2.2 The quake could have been felt as far as St Austell, Liskeard and Padstow, but there were no reports of damage.[36]

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd "Notes on invididual earthquakes". British Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
  2. ^ Stratton, J.M. (1969). Agricultural Records. John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.
  3. ^ Noorthouck, John (1773). "Book 1, Ch. 3: King John to Edward I', A New History of London: Including Westminster and Southwark". British History Online. pp. 37–56. Retrieved 12 March 2007.
  4. ^ "2007 Annual report - Has the UK experienced a major earthquake in historical times?" (PDF). British Geological Survey. 2007. p. 25.
  5. ^ 'Croydon', The Environs of London: volume 1: County of Surrey (1792), pp. 170-201. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=45377&strquery=earthquake. Date accessed: 12 March 2007.
  6. ^ 'Book 1, Ch. 17: From the Revolution to the death of William III', A New History of London: Including Westminster and Southwark (1773), pp. 272-88. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=46734&strquery=earthquake. Date accessed: 12 March 2007.
  7. ^ "Extract of letter from Weymouth dated 19.11.1726 relating to the earthquake which was felt there on Tuesday the 25th of last month", Norris's Taunton Journal
  8. ^ x. u21 Gentleman's Magazine Vol. 20 Feb 1750 p. 89
  9. ^ "Earthquake 10 am 04.05.1750. Cat. No. 109. Winborne (sic), Cashmoor, Shapeele, and Eastbrook" Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 46, 689-91
  10. ^ "Earthquake Cat. No. 135, at Sherborne, Shaftesbury and area on 09.06.1761 at 11.45 am", Gentleman's Magazine 31, 282.
  11. ^ 'Holme, East - Holt', A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848), pp. 533-37. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=51039&strquery=earthquake. Date accessed: 12 March 2007.
  12. ^ The Times, Friday, 18 Dec 1896; pg. 9; Issue 35077; col E
  13. ^ Davison, Charles (1899). The Hereford Earthquake of 17 December 1896. Birmingham: Cornish Brothers.
  14. ^ "The day an earthquake hit Swansea". BBC News. 27 June 2006.
  15. ^ "Earthquakes in Wales". National Museum Wales. 19 June 2009.
  16. ^ "Earthquake shakes Welsh Valleys". NewsWales. 2002-02-13. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
  17. ^ "Manchester earthquake sequence". British Geological Survey. 4 November 2002.
  18. ^ "City shaken by minor earthquake". BBC News. 10 August 2007. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  19. ^ "City shaken by minor earthquake". BBC. 10 August 2007. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  20. ^ "Manchester wakes to earthquake". The Guardian. 30 August 2007. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  21. ^ "Market Rasen Earthquake 27 February 2008 00:56 UTC 5.2 ML". British Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
  22. ^ "Earthquake shakes Shetland awake". BBC News. 15 January 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
  23. ^ "Second earthquake hits coast town". BBC News. 3 March 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
  24. ^ British Geological Survey http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090411113907.2.html. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) [dead link]
  25. ^ "Tremor strikes north-west England". BBC News. 28 April 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
  26. ^ British Geological Survey http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20090428102209.6.html. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)[dead link]
  27. ^ British Geological Survey http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/recent_events/20100901054555.7.html. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) [dead link]
  28. ^ Wainwright, Martin (22 December 2010). "Lake District and Cumbria shaken by earthquake". Guardian. London.
  29. ^ "Coniston, Cumbria Earthquake - Magnitude 3.5 - 21 Dec 2010". British Geological Survey. 22 December 2010.
  30. ^ "Earthquake hits North Yorkshire". bbc.co.uk. 4 January 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  31. ^ "BBC News - Earthquake hits west of Scotland". bbc.co.uk. 23 January 2011. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  32. ^ "Bovey Tracey Earthquake shakes Devon". bbc.co.uk. 23 June 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
  33. ^ "Earthquake hits English Channel". bbc.co.uk. 14 July 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  34. ^ http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/earthquakes/recent_events/20110821083700.html#page=summary
  35. ^ http://www.earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/earthquakes/recent_events/20111020165054.html#page=summary
  36. ^ http://earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk/earthquakes/recent_events/20111204023904.html#page=summary

Bibliography

  • Sky news
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