Sugar apple: Difference between revisions
→Nomenclature: Corrected the Kannada name of the fruit |
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In [[Tanzania]], it is called ''matopetope''. |
In [[Tanzania]], it is called ''matopetope''. |
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In [[Haiti]], it is called ''kachiman''. |
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In [[The Bahamas]], it is called "sugar apple". |
In [[The Bahamas]], it is called "sugar apple". |
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Revision as of 18:41, 20 October 2014
| Sugar-apple | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| (unranked): | |
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| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | A. squamosa
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| Binomial name | |
| Annona squamosa | |
Sugar-apple is the fruit of Annona squamosa, the most widely grown species of Annona and a native of the tropical Americas and West Indies, and is called the Custard Apple in the Philippines.[1] The fruit is round to conical, 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) in diameter and 6–10 cm (2.4–3.9 in) long, and weighing 100–240 g (3.5–8.5 oz), with a thick rind composed of knobby segments. The color is typically pale green to blue-green, with a deep pink blush in certain varieties, and typically has a bloom. It is unique among Annona fruits in being segmented, and the segments tend to separate when ripe, exposing the interior.
The flesh is fragrant and sweet, creamy white to light yellow, and resembles and tastes like custard. It is found adhering to 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in) long seeds to form individual segments arranged in a single layer around the conical core. It is soft, slightly grainy, and slippery. The hard, shiny seeds may number 20-38 or more per fruit, and have a brown to black coat, although varieties exist that are almost seedless.[1][2]
There are also new varieties being developed in Taiwan. The atemoya or "pineapple sugar-apple", a hybrid between the Sugar Apple and the Cherimoya, is popular in Taiwan, although it was first developed in the USA in 1908. The fruit is similar in sweetness to the sugar apple but has a very different taste. Like the name suggests, it tastes like pineapple. The arrangement of seeds is in spaced rows, with the fruit's flesh filling most of the fruit and making grooves for the seeds, instead of the flesh only occurring around the seeds.
Nomenclature
Due to its widespread cultivation, many local names have developed for the fruit.
In English, it is most widely known as a sugar apple or sweetsop as well as a custard apple, especially in India and Australia (custard apple also refers to Annona reticulata, a closely related species).
In Yemen, it is called Khirmish (خرمش).
In Hispanic America, regional names include anón, anón de azucar, anona blanca, fruta do conde, cachiman, saramuyo, grenadilla (little grenade) and many others.
In Tanzania, it is called matopetope.
In Haiti, it is called kachiman.
In The Bahamas, it is called "sugar apple".
In Kenya, it is called matomoko.
In Ethiopia, it is called Gishta (ጊሽጣ) in Amharic.
In Angola, it is called fruta-do-conde or fruta-pinha.
In Mali, Africa, it is called hairico.
In Madagascar, it is called conicony in Malagasy.
In Brazil, it is called fruta-do-conde, fruta-de-conde, condessa, fruta-pinha, pinha (lit. cone), ata or anona.
In India it is known as:
In Bengali: ata (আতা)
In Gujarati: sitaphal (સીતાફળ)
In Hindi: sharifa or sitaphal (शरीफ़ा/सीताफल)
In Kannada: sitaphala (ಸೀತಾಫಲ)
In Marathi: sitaphal (सीताफळ)
In Punjabi: sharifa (ਸ਼ਰੀਫਾ)
In Tamil: sitappalam (சீதாப்பழம்)
In Telugu: sita phalamu (సీతా ఫలము)
literally meaning Sita's fruit.
In Cambodian, regional names include "plae teib".
In Nepal, it is called "saripha" (सरीफा).
In Pakistan, it is called Sharifa (شريفا)
In Indonesia, srimatikiya or, as mostly people call it, srikaya.
In Taiwan, it is called sakya (Chinese: 釋迦; pinyin: shìjiā; Taiwanese: sek-khia, sek-kia) because one cultivar resembles the top part of Shakyamuni's (釋迦牟尼) head.
Its name in Burmese is aajaa thee.
In the Philippines, it is called atis.
In Thailand, it is called noi-na (น้อยหน่า) (which is also the common name for a hand grenade) because of its appearance.
In Vietnam, it is called mãng cầu ta or na.
In the Middle East region, it is called قشطة (qishta / ishta / ashta), the English translation being "cream".
In Hong Kong, it is called foreign lychee (番鬼荔枝).
In Malaysia, it is called buah nona.
In Iceland, it is called hvaðerþetta.
In Northern Nigeria, it is called fasadabur in Hausa
In Sri Lanka, it is call "Anoda" in Sinhalese.
In Germany, it is called Zimtapfel, because of its taste.[3]
In Jamaica, it is called Sweetsop.
Nutrition and uses
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 393 kJ (94 kcal) |
23.64 g | |
| Dietary fiber | 4.4 g |
0.29 g | |
2.06 g | |
| Vitamins | Quantity %DV† |
| Thiamine (B1) | 9% 0.11 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) | 9% 0.113 mg |
| Niacin (B3) | 6% 0.883 mg |
| Pantothenic acid (B5) | 5% 0.226 mg |
| Vitamin B6 | 12% 0.2 mg |
| Folate (B9) | 4% 14 μg |
| Vitamin C | 40% 36.3 mg |
| Minerals | Quantity %DV† |
| Calcium | 2% 24 mg |
| Iron | 3% 0.6 mg |
| Magnesium | 5% 21 mg |
| Manganese | 18% 0.42 mg |
| Phosphorus | 3% 32 mg |
| Potassium | 8% 247 mg |
| Sodium | 0% 9 mg |
| Zinc | 1% 0.1 mg |
| †Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults,[4] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.[5] | |
Sugar-apple is high in energy, an excellent source of vitamin C and manganese, a good source of thiamine and vitamin B6, and provides vitamin B2, B3 B5, B9, iron, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium in fair quantities.[citation needed]
A Philippine company produces sugar apple wine.
For uses of other fruit from the Custard-apple family see:
- Atemoya (a hybrid between A. squamosa and A. cherimoya)
- Cherimoya
- Custard-apple
Gallery
-
Sugar apple (right), with Taiwanese "pineapple shijia" (atemoya) (left) -
The sugar apple readily breaks open when ripe. -
A deconstruction of a sugar apple, showing a lobe of fruit and pulpy segments with seeds. -
A sugar apple ready to eat -
-
_interior.jpg)
See also
References
- ^ a b Morton, Julia (1987). "Annona squamosa". Fruits of warm climates. p. 69. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- ^ "Annona squamosa". AgroForestryTree Database. Retrieved 16 September 2013.
- ^ Bernd Nowak, Bettina Schulz: Taschenlexikon tropischer Nutzpflanzen und ihrer Früchte. Quelle&Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2009, ISBN 978-3-494-01455-5, p. 57–59.
- ^ United States Food and Drug Administration (2024). "Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels". FDA. Archived from the original on 2024-03-27. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- ^ National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. Archived from the original on 2024-05-09. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
External links
