Nawab of Awadh: Difference between revisions
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[[Ghazi-ud-Din Haider]] (1814–1827) declared independence from the Mughal emperor [[Akbar Shah II]] with the support of the [[British East India Company]], he raised his own [[flag]] and [[coat of arms]]. |
[[Ghazi-ud-Din Haider]] (1814–1827) declared independence from the Mughal emperor [[Akbar Shah II]] with the support of the [[British East India Company]], he raised his own [[flag]] and [[coat of arms]]. |
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==List of |
==List of Nawabs== |
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{{main|Nawab}} |
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All of these rulers used the title of ''[[Nawab]]''. |
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===Nawabs of Awadh (1722–1856)=== |
===Nawabs of Awadh (1722–1856)=== |
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==[[Oudh State]]== |
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{{main|British Raj}} |
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Revision as of 13:05, 1 January 2016
| Nawab of Awadh | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semi-autonomous domain of the Mughal Empire | |||||||||||
| File:British India Map of 1785.pdf Awadh at the center | |||||||||||
| Capital | Lucknow to Faizabad | ||||||||||
| Government | |||||||||||
| Nawab | |||||||||||
• 1722–1818 | Saadat Ali Khan I (first) | ||||||||||
• 1818–1893 | Saadat Ali Khan II (last) | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Today part of | India Nepal (perhaps) | ||||||||||
The Nawab of Awadh or the Nawab of Oudh (IPA: /ˈaʊd/) was the title of the rulers who governed the state of Oudh or Awadh in India during the 18th and 19th centuries. The first Nawab of Awadh claimed to be descendants of Musa al-Kadhim. In 1724, Nawab Sa'adat Khan established the Oudh State.
History
Establishment of the Nawab of Oudh
As the Mughal Empire declined, the emperors lost their power and became puppets and prisoners of their new overlords. Awadh thus grew stronger and more independent. The capital city at the time was Faizabad.
Oudh's importance for the Mughal Empire began during the Later Mughal-Maratha Wars during which Saadat Ali Khan I was unable to relieve his companions during the Battle of Bhopal.
His son in law and nephew Safdarjung, who was the son of his sister, had tried to overthrow the Eunuch Vizier, but later had to confront Feroze Jung III and the remaining followers of the Sayyid Brothers and the Regents of Rohilkhand, he was unable to aid his sovereign, Ahmad Shah Bahadur during the First Battle of Sikandarabad.
Shuja-ud-Daula had succeeded his father during an unstable period in the Indian subcontinent the Mughal Empire's capital Delhi was under Maratha control and the emperor Alamgir II assassinated along other members of the imperial Timurids, his son Shah Alam II managed to escape from the carnage and seek refuge with Shuja (who was thenceforth declared "Nawab Wazir of the Mughal Empire". Shuja reconciled with the Regents of Rohilkhand and joined Ahmad Shah Durrani and helped secure a decisive victory during the Third Battle of Panipat.
Shuja later joined Mir Qasim and Shah Alam II during the Battle of Buxar losing much territory after the confrontation. Which Shah Alam II managed to return to him by granting Diwani rights to Robert Clive.
Establishment of Oudh State
Ghazi-ud-Din Haider (1814–1827) declared independence from the Mughal emperor Akbar Shah II with the support of the British East India Company, he raised his own flag and coat of arms.
List of Nawabs
Nawabs of Awadh (1722–1856)
| Portrait | Titular Name | Personal Name | Birth | Reign | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Burhan ul Mulk Sa'adat Khan برہان الملک سعادت خان |
Mir Muhammad Amin Musawi | 1680 Nishapur, Khurasan, Safavid dynasty, Persia | 1722 – 19 March 1739 | 1739 |
|
Abul-Mansur Khan Safdar Jung ابو المنصور خان صفدرجنگ |
Muhammad Muqim | 1708 | 1737 – 5 October 1754 | 1754 |
|
Shuja-ud-Daula شجاع الدولہ |
Jalal-ud-din Haider Abul-Mansur Khan | 1732 | 1754 – 26 January 1775 | 1775 |
|
Asaf-ud-Daula آصف الدولہ |
Muhammad Yahya Mirza Amani | 1748 | 26 January 1775 – 21 September 1797 | 1797 |
|
Asif Jah Mirza | Wazir Ali Khan وزیر علی خان |
1780 | 21 September 1797 – 21 January 1798 | 1817 |
|
Yamin-ud-Daula | Saadat Ali Khan II سعادت علی خان |
1752 | 21 January 1798 – 11 July 1814 | 1814 |
| Portrait | Titular Name | Personal Name | Birth | Reign | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Rafa'at-ud-Daula Padshah-i-Awadh |
Abul-Muzaffar Ghazi-ud-din Haydar Khan غازی الدیں حیدر |
1769 | 11 July 1814 – 19 October 1827 | 1827 |
|
Nasir-ud-din Haidar Shah Jahan ناصر الدیں حیدر شاہ جہاں |
Abul-Mansur Qutb-ud-din Sulaiman Jah | 1827 | 19 October 1827 – 7 July 1837 | 1837 |
|
Abul Fateh Moin-ud-din | Muhammad Ali Shah محمّد علی شاہ |
1777 | 7 July 1837 – 7 May 1842 | 1842 |
|
Najm-ud-Daula Abul-Muzaffar Musleh-ud-din | Amjad Ali Shah امجد علی شاہ |
1801 | 7 May 1842 – 13 February 1847 | 1847 |
|
Abul-Mansur Mirza | Wajid Ali Shah واجد علی شاہ |
1822 | 13 February 1847 – 11 February 1856 | 21 September 1887 |
|
Begum Hazrat Mahal بیگم حضرت محل |
Muhammadi Khanum | - | May 1857 – 1858 Wife of Wajid Ali Shah and mother of Birjis Qadra |
7 April 1879 |
|
Birjis Qadr برجیس قدر |
Ramzan Ali رمضان علی |
1845 | 1857–1858 (in rebellion) |
14 August 1893 |
See also
References
External links
- Nawabs of Awadh
- THE COURT LIFE UNDER THE NAWABS OF AWADH (1754–1797)
- Roots of North Indian Shi‘ism in Iran and Iraq:Religion and State in Awadh, 1722–1859, by J. R. I. Cole. University of California Press, 1989.
- HISTORICAL SERIES No. LVI
- Advanced study in the history of modern India, Volume 2, by G. S. Chhabra, Lotus Press, 1 January 2005