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* [http://www.stephenjaygould.org/library/modern-science/chapter28.html "The Genesis of Double Stars"] – by George Darwin, from A.C. Seward's [http://www.stephenjaygould.org/library/seward_modern-science.html ''Darwin and Modern Science''] (1909).
* [http://www.stephenjaygould.org/library/modern-science/chapter28.html "The Genesis of Double Stars"] – by George Darwin, from A.C. Seward's [http://www.stephenjaygould.org/library/seward_modern-science.html ''Darwin and Modern Science''] (1909).
* {{UK National Archives ID}}
* {{UK National Archives ID}}
* [http://www.nahste.ac.uk/cgi-bin/view_isad.pl?id=GB-0237-Sir-Archibald-Geikie-Gen-524-14&view=basic details of correspondence]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040513214342/http://www.nahste.ac.uk/cgi-bin/view_isad.pl?id=GB-0237-Sir-Archibald-Geikie-Gen-524-14&view=basic details of correspondence]
* [http://www.trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/brasses/darwin/ Trinity College Chapel memorial]
* [http://www.trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/brasses/darwin/ Trinity College Chapel memorial]
* {{Find a Grave|96774353}}
* {{Find a Grave|96774353}}

Revision as of 01:55, 5 September 2017

For the English professional footballer, see George Darwin (footballer).

Sir George Howard Darwin
Sir George Howard Darwin
Born
George Howard Darwin

(1845-07-09)9 July 1845
Down House, Downe, Kent, England
Died7 December 1912(1912-12-07) (aged 67)
Cambridge, England
NationalityBritish
Alma materSt John's College, Cambridge
Trinity College, Cambridge
AwardsSmith's Prize (1868)
Royal Medal (1884)
Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1892)
Copley Medal (1911)
Scientific career
FieldsAstronomy and mathematics
Academic advisorsEdward John Routh
Notable studentsErnest William Brown
E. T. Whittaker
Signature

Sir George Howard Darwin KCB FRS FRSE (9 July 1845 – 7 December 1912)[1] was an English barrister and astronomer.

Biography

Sir George Howard Darwin, oil on canvas, Mark Gertler, 1912
George Darwin ca 1908 by his daughter Gwen Raverat
Lady George Darwin, pastel, Cecilia Beaux, 1889

George Darwin was born at Down House, Kent, the second son and fifth child of Charles Darwin and Emma Darwin.

From the age of 11 he studied under Charles Pritchard at Clapham Grammar School, and entered St John's College, Cambridge, in 1863, though he soon moved to Trinity College,[2] where his tutor was Edward John Routh. He graduated as second wrangler in 1868, when he was also placed second for the Smith's Prize and was appointed to a college fellowship. He earned his M.A. in 1871.[2] He was admitted to the bar in 1872, but returned to science.[2] He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1879 and won their Royal Medal in 1884 and their Copley Medal in 1911.[3] He delivered their Bakerian Lecture in 1891 on the subject of "tidal prediction".

In 1883 Darwin became Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy at the University of Cambridge. He studied tidal forces involving the Sun, Moon, and Earth, and formulated the fission theory of Moon formation.[4]

Darwin was a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) and won the Gold Medal of the RAS in 1892. From 1899–1901 he served as President of the RAS. The RAS founded a prize lectureship in 1984 and named it the George Darwin Lectureship in Darwin's honour.

He was an invited speaker in the International Congress of Mathematicians 1908, Rome on the topic of "Mechanics, Physical Mathematics, Astronomy."[5] As President of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, he also gave the Introductory Address to the Congress in 1912 on the character of pure and applied mathematics.[6]

George and Maud Darwin bought Newnham Grange, Cambridge in 1885. The Darwins extensively remodelled the house. Since 1962 the Grange has been part of Darwin College, Cambridge.

He is buried in Trumpington Extension Cemetery in Cambridge with his son Leonard and his daughter Gwen (Raverat), his wife Lady Maud Darwin was cremated at Cambridge Crematorium; his brothers Sir Francis Darwin and Sir Horace Darwin and their respective wives are interred in the Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground.

Family

Darwin married Martha (Maud) du Puy, the daughter of Charles du Puy of Philadelphia, in 1884; his wife was a member of the Ladies Dining Society in Cambridge, with 11 other members.

She died on 6 February 1947. They had three sons and two daughters:

Ancestry

Family of George Darwin
16. Robert Darwin
8. Erasmus Darwin
17. Elizabeth Hill
4. Robert Darwin
18. Charles Howard
9. Mary Howard
19. Penelope Foley
2. Charles Darwin
20. Thomas Wedgwood III (=24)
10. Josiah Wedgwood (=12)
21. Mary Stringer (=25)
5. Susannah Wedgwood
22. Richard Wedgwood (=26)
11. Sarah Wedgwood (=13)
23. Susannah Irlam (=27)
1. George Darwin
24. Thomas Wedgwood III (=20)
12. Josiah Wedgwood (=10)
25. Mary Stringer (=21)
6. Josiah Wedgwood II
26. Richard Wedgwood (=22)
13. Sarah Wedgwood (=11)
27. Susannah Irlam (=23)
3. Emma Wedgwood
28. John Allen
14. John Bartlett Allen
29. Joan Bartlett
7. Elizabeth Allen
30. John Hensleigh
15. Elizabeth Hensleigh
31. Catherine Philipps

Works by G. H. Darwin

  • public domain "Tides". Encyclopædia Britannica (9th ed.). 1875–1889.
  • The tides and kindred phenomena in the solar system (Boston, Houghton, 1899)
  • Problems connected with the tides of a viscous spheroid (London, Harrison and Sons, 1879–1882)
  • Scientific papers (Volume 1): Oceanic tides and lunar disturbances of gravity (Cambridge : University Press, 1907)[7][8]
  • Scientific papers (Volume 2): Tidal friction and cosmogony. (Cambridge : University Press, 1908)[7]
  • Scientific papers (Volume 3): Figures of equilibrium of rotating liquid and geophysical investigations. (Cambridge : University Press, 1908)
  • Scientific papers (Volume 4): Periodic orbits and miscellaneous papers. (Cambridge : University Press, 1911)
  • Scientific papers (Volume 5) Supplementary volume, containing biographical memoirs by Sir Francis Darwin and Professor E. W. Brown, lectures on Hill's lunar theory, etc... (Cambridge : University Press, 1916)
  • The Scientific Papers of Sir George Darwin. 1907. Cambridge University Press (rep. by Cambridge University Press, 2009; ISBN 978-1-108-00449-7)

Articles

References

  1. ^ GRO Register of Deaths: DEC 1912 3b 552 CAMBRIDGE – George H. Darwin, aged 67
  2. ^ a b c "Darwin, George Howard (DRWN863GH)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  3. ^ "Library and Archive Catalogue". Royal Society. Retrieved 29 December 2010.[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ Britannica.com: Sir George Darwin
  5. ^ "ICM Plenary and Invited Speakers since 1897". International Congress of Mathematicians.
  6. ^ Hobson, E. B. and A. E. H. Love, eds. (1913). Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Mathematicians (Cambridge, 22-28 August 1912). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 33–36. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ a b Brown, Ernest W. (1909). "Review: Scientific Papers, by George Howard Darwin". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 16 (2): 73–78. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1909-01862-2.
  8. ^ "Review: Scientific Papers. Vol. I by Sir George Howard Darwin". The Athenaeum (4196): 386. 28 March 1908.
Wikisource has the text of a 1905 New International Encyclopedia article about "George Darwin".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Darwin&oldid=798999995"