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=== Depression ARB 04 ===
=== Depression ARB 04 ===
{{Clear}}
{{Infobox hurricane small
{{Infobox hurricane small
|Basin=NIO
|Basin=NIO

Revision as of 20:12, 21 November 2020

2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedMay 16, 2020
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameAmphan
 • Maximum winds240 km/h (150 mph)
(3-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure920 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Depressions6
Deep depressions3
Cyclonic storms2
Severe cyclonic storms2
Very severe cyclonic storms1
Extremely severe cyclonic storms1
Super cyclonic storms1 (record high, tied with 1977, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1999, 2007 and 2019)
Total fatalities235 total
Total damage> $14.946 billion (2020 USD)
(Second-costliest North Indian Ocean cyclone season on record)
Related articles
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

The 2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season is an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and November, with peaks in late April to May and October to November. This season is unusually below average with only six systems and two being named. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. The season began on May 16 with the designation of Depression BOB 01 in the Bay of Bengal, which later became Cyclone Amphan, the strongest storm in the Bay of Bengal recorded since the 1999 Odisha cyclone and breaking the record of Cyclone Nargis of 2008 as the costliest storm ever recorded in the basin.

The scope of the season is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the Horn of Africa and west of the Malay Peninsula. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea to the west of the Indian subcontinent, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department (IMD); and the Bay of Bengal to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD.

The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in the basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the United States's Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. On average, 3–4 cyclonic storms form in this basin every season.[1]

Season summary

2020 Hyderabad floodsCyclone NisargaCyclone Amphan

Systems

Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan

Super cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 5 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 16 – May 20
Peak intensity240 km/h (150 mph) (3-min);
920 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Amphan

At 00:00 UTC on May 16, a depression formed in the southeast Bay of Bengal and was identified as BOB 01. Six hours later, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded the system to a deep depression. The system began bringing torrential rainfall to Sri Lanka and Southern India. Around 15:00 UTC, the system further developed into Cyclonic Storm Amphan.[2][3] That morning, landslide and flooding warnings were hoisted for parts of eastern Sri Lanka and the Indian state of Kerala were given expectations of torrential rainfall in the coming days.[4] By 09:00 UTC on May 17, Amphan had intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm. Within 12 hours, the storm had developed an eye and started to rapidly intensify, becoming an extremely severe cyclonic storm. According to the JTWC, it explosively intensified from a Category 1-equivalent cyclone to a Category 4-equivalent cyclone in just 6 hours. The following morning around 10:30 UTC, the IMD upgraded Amphan to a super cyclonic storm with 3-minute sustained winds of 240 km/h (150 mph) and a minimum pressure of 920 hPa (27.46 inHg). This marked the second year in a row featuring a super cyclonic storm, the previous year seeing Kyarr in the Arabian Sea. On May 20, at approximately 17:30 IST, the cyclone made landfall near Bakkhali, West Bengal after weakening subsequently. It rapidly weakened once inland, and dissipated on the next day. It left behind a trail of catastrophic damage, and was later confirmed to be the costliest storm ever recorded in the basin.

Depression ARB 01

Depression (IMD)
 
DurationMay 29 – May 31
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

A depression formed overland near Salalah, Oman on May 29.

The Public Authority for Civil Aviation (PACA) in Oman advised residents to exercise caution and not to venture to low-lying areas or sea. The Supreme Committee asked people to remain at home in non-emergency circumstances.[5] The hospital in Sadah was evacuated as the depression intensified.[6] Over 200 mm (7.9 in) of rain fell in Dhofar Governorate on May 29;[7] some areas received the equivalent of 2 years of rainfall.[8] The highest precipitation total was measured in Mirbat, where 1,055 mm (41.5 in) of rain fell.[9] 2 days of heavy rainfall, accumulating to 260 mm (10 in), caused floods in Salalah.[10] Operations at the port of Salalah were interrupted by the tropical depression.[11] Residents in central Salalah experienced disruptions to power and water services. Military police were dispatched to clear roads and airlift people marooned by the floods.[12] Engineering teams from the Ministry of Defence were deployed to restore utilities and render air where necessary.[13] 2 people were found dead in a wadi due to flash floods,[14] while another person died and three were injured when a building collapsed.[8] More than 50 people were rescued from floods.[15]

Severe Cyclonic Storm Nisarga

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 1 – June 4
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (3-min);
984 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Nisarga

During May 31, an area of low pressure developed over the south-eastern Arabian Sea and remained as a well marked low pressure area over the same region until the evening. It strengthened into a depression over the east-central and south-east Arabian Sea in the early morning of June 1 when it was centered about 340 km south-west of Goa, 630 km south-southwest of Mumbai and 850 km south-southwest of Gujarat. It gave nearly 400 mm of extremely heavy rain at Kavaratti, Lakshadweep. On June 2, around noon, the prevailing deep depression intensified into a cyclonic storm thereby receiving the name Nisarga. Nisarga intensified into a severe cyclonic storm before making landfall near the coastal town of Alibag in Maharashtra at 12:30 (IST) on June 3. At the time, the system was at peak intensity with 3-minute sustained winds of 110 km/h (70 mph) and a central pressure of 984 hPa (29.06 inHg). The cyclone subsequently weakened into a deep depression by June 4.[16][17]

Deep Depression BOB 02

Main article: 2020 Hyderabad Cyclone
Deep depression (IMD)
 
DurationOctober 11 – October 14
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min);
999 hPa (mbar)

After 3 months of inactivity, on October 11, a depression developed over the west-central Bay of Bengal, though the system was originally observed near the Spratly Islands over the South China Sea on October 6. It continued to move westwards, making landfall near Saigon and further weakened into a low pressure cell while crossing the Indochina Peninsula and re-emerged in the Andaman Sea on October 9. It intensified into a well-marked low pressure area and then into a depression over the Bay of Bengal on October 10. It further intensified into a deep depression on October 12, remaining practically stationary over the same region.[18][19] After that, BOB 02 moved west-northwestwards and made landfall in Andhra Pradesh near Kakinada in the early hours of October 13 and weakened again into a depression.[20] Due to BOB 02, Yanam (Puducherry), Andhra Pradesh, Telengana, Kerala, Maharashtra, and coastal Karnataka experienced heavy rain on October 12 and 13, with Hyderabad experiencing 32 cm of record-breaking torrential rain, creating flash floods in the city by October 13. At least 50 people died in different parts of Telengana (of which at least 19 were in the capital city of Hyderabad), 10 in Andhra Pradesh, and 38 in Maharashtra.[21] Extreme crop loss in north Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telengana occurred due to the system. The Telengana PM estimated damage costs to be ₹1,305 crore (US$682 million).[22] The system weakened into a well-marked low pressure area in south-central Maharashtra on the evening of October 14.[23] Though the system's lower-level circulation was partially exposed due to high vertical wind shear and continuous land interaction, the JTWC re-issued a tropical cyclone advisory on October 15. The IMD also forecasted BOB 02 to reintensify in the Arabian Sea.[24][25] The low pressure area intensified into Depression ARB 03 on the early hours of October 17.[26]

The system delayed the withdrawal of the southwest monsoon season by almost a week, a delay compounded by the formation of Depression ARB 03 and Depression BOB 03.[27]

Depression ARB 03

Depression (IMD)
 
DurationOctober 17 – October 19
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

On October 17, the remnants of Deep Depression BOB 02 intensified into a depression in the East Central Arabian Sea. Moving westwards, the system dissipated into a well marked low pressure on the morning of October 19 over the West Central Arabian Sea due to unfavorable atmospheric conditions. Fishermen were advised not to go out to sea due to very rough sea conditions. Heavy rainfall occurred off the coast of Mumbai and its surroundings due to the system. No warnings were issued by IMD as no landfall occurred in the Arabian Peninsula.[28]

Monsoon withdrawal was delayed in Maharashtra by a week due to ARB 03.[29]

Depression BOB 03

Depression (IMD)
 
DurationOctober 22 – October 24
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

On October 20, a low pressure formed over Central Bay of Bengal. The system then became more well-marked on October 21 over West Central Bay of Bengal. It further intensified into depression over northwest Bay of Bengal and adjoining Odisha Coast. The system crossed West Bengal's North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas and moved over the adjoining Bangladeshi coast on the noon of October 23 with the maximum wind speed of 45 km/h (30 mph). The system weakened into a well marked low pressure area, 50 km north-northwest of Dhaka on the morning of October 24.[30][31]

Depression ARB 04

Deep depression (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 22 – Present
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min);
1005 hPa (mbar)

Storm names

Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached cyclonic storm intensity with winds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The names were selected by members of the ESCAP/WMO panel on Tropical Cyclones between 2000 and May 2004, before the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in New Delhi started to assign names in September 2004. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin from the Western Pacific, then it will retain its original name. The next eight names from the list of North Indian Ocean storm names are listed below. Amphan is the last name from the original naming list published in 2004, while Nisarga is the first name from the new naming list published in 2020.

  • Burevi (unused)
  • Tauktae (unused)
  • Yaas (unused)
  • Gulab (unused)

Season effects

This is a table of all storms in the 2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2020 USD.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Amphan May 16 – 21 Super cyclonic storm 240 km/h (150 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Sri Lanka, West Bengal, Odisha, Bangladesh, Bhutan $13.6 billion 128 [32]
ARB 01 May 29 – 31 Depression 45 km/h (30 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Oman, Yemen Unknown 3 [8]
Nisarga June 1 – 4 Severe cyclonic storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) Maharashtra, Goa $665 million 6 [33]
BOB 02 October 11 – 14 Deep depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry, Telengana, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra $681 million 98 [34][21]
ARB 03 October 17 – 19 Depression 45 km/h (30 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Maharashtra Unknown Unknown
BOB 03 October 22 – 24 Depression 45 km/h (30 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) West Bengal, Bangladesh, Northeast India Unknown Unknown
Season aggregates
6 systems May 16 – Season ongoing 240 km/h (150 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) $14.9 billion 235

See also

References

  1. ^ "Annual Frequency of Cyclonic Disturbances (Maximum Wind Speed of 17 Knots or More), Cyclones (34 Knots or More) and Severe Cyclonic storm (48 Knots or More) Over the Bay of Bengal (BOB), Arabian Sea (AS) and Land Surface of India" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
  2. ^ "RSMC TROPICAL CYCLONE ADVISORY BULLETIN" (PDF). Regional Specialised Metrological Center. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  3. ^ "Cyclone Amphan Live Update: SuCS Moving Away From Odisha Coast". Odisha Television. 20 May 2020. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  4. ^ "Cyclone Amphan warning issued in India and Sri Lanka One person has died and a woman has gone missing as rains lash Sri Lanka". 16 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  5. ^ "Low pressure system 200km away from Oman coast". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. May 28, 2020. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  6. ^ "Sadah Hospital evacuated as centre of tropical depression moves towards Dhofar". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. May 29, 2020. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  7. ^ "Heavy rains, strong winds may continue in Dhofar until tomorrow: PACA official". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. May 29, 2020. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  8. ^ a b c Nasrallah, Tawfiq (May 30, 2020). "Three people die due to heavy rains in Oman". Gulf News. Dubai, United Arab Emirates: Gulfnews.com. Retrieved May 31, 2020.
  9. ^ "Rainfall amounts in Oman exceed 2018 cyclone Mekunu". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. June 2, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  10. ^ McElwee, Ro (May 30, 2020). "Two days of rain have revived the roar of waterfalls in Salalah". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera Media Network. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  11. ^ "Operations at Salalah port suspended". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. May 30, 2020. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  12. ^ "Oman floods leave one dead in southern city of Salalah". The National. The National. May 30, 2020. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  13. ^ "Tropical depression: Oman's defence ministry teams provide assistance". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. June 2, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  14. ^ "Two dead as Dhofar witnesses heavy rain and flooding". Times of Oman. Muscat, Oman: Muscat Media Group. May 30, 2020. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  15. ^ "Dhofar rescue teams rise to the challenge". Times of Oman. Salalah, Oman: Muscat Media Group. May 31, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2020.
  16. ^ "Highlights: Cyclone Weakened, May Enter Madhya Pradesh From Its Southern Parts, Says Weather Department". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
  17. ^ Severe Cyclonic Storm "NISARGA" over the eastcentral and adjoining southeast Arabian Sea (01st-04th June, 2020): Summary (PDF) (Report). Indian Meteorological Department. Retrieved July 12, 2020.
  18. ^ "BULLETIN NO.:3 (BOB/02/2020)" (PDF). Retrieved October 11, 2020.
  19. ^ "Significant Tropical Cyclone Advisory on 91 B".
  20. ^ "Observed and forecast track along with cone of uncertainty of deep depression over Bay of Bengal based on 06:00 UTC of 12th Oct, 2020". Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  21. ^ a b "At least 50 die due to rain, floods in Telangana; 27 in Maharashtra". Scroll.in. October 15, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
  22. ^ "BULLETIN NO.:18 (BOB/01/2020)" (PDF). October 13, 2020. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  23. ^ "National Bulletin IMD". mausam.imd.gov.in. Retrieved 2020-10-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  24. ^ "BULLETIN NO.:20(BOB/02/2020)" (PDF).
  25. ^ "Significant Tropical Cyclone Advisory on 92A".
  26. ^ "BULLETIN NO. : 01 (ARB/03/2020)" (PDF).
  27. ^ "'Monsoon withdrawal from Maharashtra likely to be delayed by another week': IMD". Hindustan Times. 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
  28. ^ "National Weather Bulletin IMD". mausam.imd.gov.in. Retrieved 2020-10-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ^ Mohanty, Shashwat. "Monsoon withdrawal delayed further: IMD". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
  30. ^ "Bulletin of Depression BOB 03". mausam.imd.gov.in. Retrieved 2020-10-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ^ "Significant Tropical Cyclone Advisory on 93B".
  32. ^ "Adverse weather claims two lives". Sunday Observer. 17 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  33. ^ Srivastava, Ritesh (4 June 2020). "Maharashtra Cyclone Nisarga death toll rises to 6, CM announces Rs 4 lakh compensation for victims' kin". Zee News. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  34. ^ "Death toll rises to 50 in Telengana,1305 crore plea to CM". Ei Samay.
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