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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Kbruen (talk | contribs) at 11:06, 15 February 2023 (Change company name to reflect the change in 2016, when it became "RATBV S.A."). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

RATBV
Location
Websitehttps://www.ratbv.ro/

RATBV S.A., formerly Regia Autonomă de Transport Brașov (Template:Lang-en), and commonly referred to as RAT Brașov, is the only public transport operator in the city of Brașov, Romania. It is owned by the Brașov Municipality and it operates on a network of 40 routes, summing up to 664 km, with a fleet of over 225 vehicles.[1] It also began operating on one route within the Brașov Metropolitan Area, with several new ones set to begin in the future.

Autobuz SOR NS 12

History

The following is a chronological list of events related to road or rail transport in and around Brașov, as well as relevant historical information.[2]

The administrative divisions and predominant/official languages consistently change over time; in Saxon cities and villages like Braşov, German was predominant until the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when Romanian and for a few decades, Hungarian, increase in use, ultimately attaining a combined 95.2% in 2011. Except for 'Brașov', the names used are intended to be the ones most common in their day.

Beginnings

  • 1830-1840: The first intra-city means of public transportation appear in Brașov - hackneys and carriages with one or two horses, built by Saxon craftsmen. They regularly waited for customers in Marktplatz and could carry 1-4 persons with luggage, towards the other three areas of town: Blumenau, Altstadt, Şchei.
  • 1846-1866: Drumul Braşovului (the Brașov Road), between Câmpina, Wallachia and Brașov, is built. Today, it is part of DN1.
  • 1848: First intercity public transport across the Carpathians is made available by the local Franz Körner, who sets up a fast carriage route between Brașov and București.
  • 1856-1859: Körner opens another line, Braşov-București-Giurgiu, which operated weekly and could carry 8-10 people with luggage.
  • 1864-1867: The road from Braşov to Reps is built.
  • 1890-1895: The first lines using the famous Landau carriages open up. They left daily for Siebendörfer, Zuisendorf and Törzburg for the price of 5 Austro-Hungarian florins.
  • 1892-1900: On 7 March 1892, the first suburban railway of current-day Romania was opened between Bartholomew and Siebendörfer. 17 km long, it connected the city to the seven villages that now constitute the town of Săcele. Built with private funds between 1890–1892, by the Brașov-Háromszék Neighboring Railways Society,[3] it functioned until 1960, when, following road infrastructure modernization, it was discontinued.
  • 1900-1910: The city's population grew from 36,646 to 41,054 people.
  • 1900-1920: Popularity of horse-drawn carriages drops dramatically as the suburban train's usage increases. The remaining 115 cabmen could still be found in Marktplatz and at Hotel Krone. Some of the regular routes they would take had fixed prices, while other were settled with the customer.

The first bus

  • 1925: The first four buses to be used for urban transport are introduced in the city and leased to the Decei-Blaga company, based in Cluj.[4] They ran on two lines, between Piaţa Unirii–Rail Station (14 stops), and Piaţa Unirii–Bartholomew Rail Station (9 stops).
  • 1926-1927: The city hall prepares the first Regulations for the circulation of buses in town. In 1926, there were nine bus owners, that obtained the lease for public transport. The Municipal Council limited the number of buses to 30, to avoid traffic accidents. The price of a ticket was 5 lei. Routes were established to Băile Zizin and Băile Vâlcele (three times a week, 20-40 lei/person), leaving from Piaţa Sfatului. Also, two trucks carried people and cargo to and from Bran (25 lei/person, departure times at 15:30 and 6:30 respectively). The carriage drivers from the 'Fulgerul' ('The Lightning') syndicate protested against the expansion of public transportation and asked that the number of buses be limited at 16.
  • 1928: The prefecture and city police regulate bus circulation furthermore.
  • 1929: Following complaints from nearby residents, the stop for inter-city connections in Piaţa Sfatului was moved on the corner of Ferdinand Boulevard and Gate St. (next to the current-day rectorship of the University of Transylvania;[5] it currently represents the Livada Poștei stop).
  • 1930: The Braşov city hall wants to set up its own bus exploitation board and informs the owners that their lease ends on July 1. The Carriage Driver Society of Braşov, in an open letter to the local press, explain that after 100 years of service, the drivers' businesses have gone under, because of the suburban train, the 100 taxis and over 40 buses. They ask the city hall to be awarded the lease over the buses of Mr. Aurel Lazăr Decei (which was about to expire) and limit the number of carriages from 100 to 60.
  • 1931: The city hall abandons the idea of exploiting the buses by itself, because of the high cost of setting up the board, 25 million lei.
  • 1938: In association with the city hall, "Regia Întreprinderilor din Municipiul Brașov" (the "Brașov Enterprise[6] Board", "R.I.M.B." for short) is established. Within it, there was a public transportation section, which was equipped with 35 buses serving three routes, summing 17 km: Prund-Astra,[7] Prund-Railway Station and Prund-Bartholomew. They would transport 5.4 million passenger per year.
  • 1941: Projects were elaborated for the electrification of the Bartolomeu-Satulung suburban railway and for the Center-Astra bus line.
  • 1944: At this point, R.I.M.B. had 12 buses and transported 3.2 million people.
  • 1948: The first tracked ZIS-151 truck was introduced on the Prund-Poiana Braşov route (the 'old road'). Overall, the same number of buses, 12, transported 2.6 million people.
  • 1951: The bus fleet has grown to 33, used on four routes to transport a total of 11 million persons.
  • 1956: On the Prund-Poiana Braşov route, two trucks were now used (there would be three in 1962, and five in 1963). A total of 51 buses were used on 10 routes summing 56 km. Alongside them, there were 10 taximeters and 64 cargo trucks.

The first trolleybus

  • 1959: The board operated 85 buses on 17 routes summing 112 km, and 27 taximeters. On May 1, Braşov became the second city in the country, after București, to operate a trolleybus line. Under the surveillance of Tulcea-born Petru Alexe Bâlbu, the line used a small, 28-seat, slightly dangerous MDT trolley built in the capital (to which another 17 would soon be added). It initially operated on 8 km from Şchei to the MÁV Railway Station,[8] but was later extended to the Triaj area.[9] The electrical rectifying station was built on 3-5 Verii Street.
  • 1960: The Prund-Tractorul[10] line is opened.
  • '1961: "Întreprinderea de Transporturi" ("Transportation Enterprise") is established by reorganizing "Întreprinderea de Gospodărie Orășenească" ("City Management Enterprise"). There were 163 buses (83 for intra-city usage, and 80 for external connections), 47 TV2E trolleys, 45 taximeters and 47 cargo trucks.
  • 1963: The current Livada Poştei-Poiana Braşov road is opened, and several Škoda 706 RTO are added to the fleet.
  • 1967: The trolleybus base in Sânpetru, capable of maintaining up to 120 trolleys, is opened.
  • 1970-1975: Several distinctions are awarded by the state for Braşov's public transport system in this period (including 2nd place country-wide in 1972 and 1975). On January 1, 1975, the Transportation Enterprise transfers the 120 buses serving inter-city connections (5 towns and 12 communes) to the newly reorganized "Întreprinderea de Transporturi Auto" (serving the entire Brașov county).
  • 1978: The Enterprise had a fleet of 600 vehicles serving 50 routes, summing 350 km and transporting 141 million passengers that year. It employed 2.500 people and achieved income worth 117 million lei. The following years, high-capacity buses would be added, as well as Škoda SM-11, Ikarus and IK4, used on tourist routes.
  • 1979: Construction begins on the new bus and taximeter base capable of maintaining 400 vehicles, along with the Enterprise's new headquarters. Also, this year marks the introduction of autotaxation[11] on all urban routes, as well as a major reorganization and renaming to "Întreprinderea Judeţeană de Transport Local Braşov" ("Braşov County Enterprise for Local Transportation").
  • 1980:
    • On January 1, the fleet (county-wide) was composed of: 317 buses (total capacity 36.584), 190 trolleybuses (total capacity 17.189), 20 taximeters, 43 vans, 136 tipper trucks (total cargo capacity 2.538 tons) and 31 auxiliary vehicles.
    • There were 2.575 employees and 489 million lei in funds.
    • This year alone, 154.3 million (91 by bus and 63.3 by trolley) people and 4 million tons of cargo were transported.
    • 136.1 km of overhead wires existed; trolleybus routes summed 83.8 km, and bus routes 275 km in Braşov and 45 in Făgăraş.

The first tramway

  • 1980-1987: Several objectives were achieved:
    • The bus and taximeter maintenance base (started in 1979) is finished in 1983. The headquarters is moved to the current address on Hărmanului St no. 49, from the previous 13 Decembrie St no. 17;
    • The maintenance spot on Cristianului Road opens in 1984;
    • Expansion of the trolleybus network on Griviţei Blvd (2.2 km),[12] in the newly constructed Valea Cetăţii neighbourhood (5.4 km, opened July 15h, 1986) and near Casa Armatei[13] (200 m, opened October 1986);
    • Opening on August 22, 1987 of stage I of the first tramway line (named 101), between Steagul Roşu-Rulmentul, on 13.1 km.
Brasov tram type V3A. The tram was opened in 1987 and ran until 2006 when it was replaced with a trolleybus line (Image taken in 1994)
  • 1987:
    • The vehicle fleet is composed of a total of 876 vehicles: 182 buses, 209 trolleys, 5 trams, 50 taximeters, 43 vans, 19 trucks, 227 tipper trucks, 5 minibuses, 31 trailers, 58 auxiliary.
    • The fleet served one tram and 19 trolley lines, and 16 bus routes in Braşov and 8 in Făgăraş.
    • The trolleybus overhead line network summed 77.5 km, trolley routes 229.6 km, and the buses, 340.5 km (of which 247.1 km in Braşov and 93.4 km in Făgăraş).
    • There were 2.390 employees, funds of 976 million lei, and revenues of 292 million lei.

2005-present

Description

Ticketing system

Tickets are used by inserting them into the ticket machine on board the bus, a trip is valid for 50 minutes since the ticket is used and can span multiple lines. Tickets and subscriptions and are occasionally validated by ticket inspectors, the on-the-spot fine for not having a valid ticket is 60 lei.

Ticket types and prices[14]

All subscriptions are nominated, that is they are only valid accompanied by an ID card. Tickets (as well as the monthly 218 lei subscription) are not nominated. The "All lines" notations below do not, in fact, include Line 20 (Poiana Brașov), for which special tickets or subscriptions must be bought.

Tickets
Type Price Availability
One trip 2.50 lei All lines
Two trips 5.00 lei All lines
Pensioner (two trips) 2.50 lei All lines
Poiana Brașov (one trip) 6.00 lei Line 20
Subscriptions
Type All lines
1 day 12.00 lei
10 trips 25.00 lei
One month 85.00 lei
One year 850.00 lei

Vehicle fleet

Current fleet (including retired vehicles)

Buses
Model Origin Introduced Length
(meters)		 Capacity
(passengers)		 Units Notes
MAN SL 223  Germany[nb 1] 2002 12 10
MAN SL 263  Germany[nb 1] 2006 12 5
MAN SL 283  Germany[nb 1] 2006 12 56
MAN SG 313  Germany[nb 1] 2006 12 25
Mercedes-Benz O 345 Conecto  Germany[nb 2] 2004 12 15
Mercedes-Benz O 530 Citaro  Germany 2016 12 10 Pre-owned, formerly operated in Switzerland[nb 3]
Mercedes-Benz O 405 G  Germany 2008 11 Pre-owned, formerly operated in Switzerland[nb 4]
MAZ 103  Belarus 2004 45
BMC Probus 215 SCB  Turkey 2006 28
BMC Procity SLF 320  Turkey 2012 12 15
BMC Neocity  Turkey 2017 8 6
Menarinibus Citymood 10  Italy[nb 5] 2019 10 30
Menarinibus Citymood 12  Italy[nb 5] 2019 12 40
Menarinibus Citymood 18  Italy[nb 5] 2019 18 35
Trolleybuses
Model Origin Introduced Length
(meters)		 Capacity
(passengers)		 Units Notes
Solaris Trollino 18  Poland 2020 18 26[nb 6] Powered by Škoda
Renault–Alsthom ER 100 2H  France 2011 10 Pre-owned, formerly operated in France[nb 7]
Electric buses
Model Origin Introduced Length
(meters)		 Capacity
(passengers)		 Units Notes
SOR ENS 12  Czech Republic 2020 12 42
SOR EBN 8  Czech Republic 2021 8 10
  • Menarinibus Citymood 12
    Menarinibus Citymood 12
  • Solaris Trollino 18
    Solaris Trollino 18
  • Mercedes-Benz Citaro Hybrid
    Mercedes-Benz Citaro Hybrid
  • SOR EBN 8
    SOR EBN 8
  • SOR NS 12 electric
    SOR NS 12 electric

Network

Current routes

The columns of the list table below represent:

  • Line - The number or name of the route;
  • Type - The type of vehicle that the line uses (bus or trolley);
  • Opened - The year when the line with this name was operated for the first time, regardless of subsequent route modifications;
  • Modified - The last time a modification (adding/subtracting stations, other major changes) occurred;
  • Route - A short description of the route, it does not include all the stations;
  • Stops - The total number of stops performed in a round trip; this includes the terminal station once;
  • Length - The length in kilometres of a round trip;
  • Avg. distance - The average distance in metres between two stops;
Line Type Opened Modified Route Stops Length Avg. distance
1 Trolley - 2007 Livada Poștei - Triaj 21 12.85 612
2 Trolley - - Livada Poștei - Rulmentul 19 10.8 600
2b Bus - - Livada Poștei - (Tractorul nou) - Rulmentul 25
3 Trolley - - Valea Cetății - Griviței - Stadionul Tineretului 27 13.9 515
4 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Gară 13 7 538
5 Bus - - Roman SA - Centrul Civic - Primărie - Stadionul Municipal 29 17.1 590
5M Bus - - Stadionul Municipal - Depozite (- Avicola Măgurele) 16 18.9 1181
6 Trolley - - Livada Poștei - Saturn 20 11.4 570
7 Trolley - - Roman SA - Onix - Rulmentul 28 15.8 564
8 Trolley - - Saturn - Gară - Rulmentul 26 14 538
9 Bus - Nov 2012 Rulmentul - Independenței - Stadionul Municipal 29 14.9 514
10 Trolley - - Valea Cetății - Centrul Civic - Triaj 31 16.21 523
14 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Lungă - Fabrica de Var 14 6.2 443
15 Bus - 2018 Avantgarden - Coresi - Triaj 21 11.30 538
16 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Griviței - Stadionul Municipal-Cǎrǎmidǎriei 19 11.7 616
17 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Calea București - Noua 30 19.11 637
17b Bus - - Gară - Saturn - Dâmbul Morii - Timișul de Jos 32 26.3 822
18 Bus - - Bariera Bartolomeu - Feldioarei - Stupini - IAR Ghimbav 37 23.79 643
20 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Poiana Brașov 10 24.2 2420
21 Bus - - Triaj - Saturn - Noua 36 20.81 578
22 Bus - - Saturn - Centrul Civic - Iuliu Maniu - Stadionul Tineretului 27 14.2 526
23 Bus - - Saturn - Gară - Stadionul Municipal-(ILF) 29 16.21 559
23b Bus - - Triaj - Gară - Stadionul Municipal 24 15.79 658
24 Bus - 2018 Livada Poștei - Stadionul Municipal - Baciului CL - Stupinii Noi 22 14.17 644
25 Bus - - Roman - Gară - Stadionul Tineretului - Avantgarden 36 18 500
28 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Cimitirul Municipal - Stupini - IAR Ghimbav 42 25.49 607
29 Bus Nov 2012 - Bartolomeu Nord - Independenței - Gara Centralǎ 23 11.10 483
31 Trolley - - Livada Poștei - Centrul Civic - Valea Cetății 22 11.79 536
32 Bus - - Gară - Valea Cetății 21 9.41 448
33 Trolley - - Valea Cetății - Roman SA 17 7.5 441
34 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Zizinului - CET - Timiș Triaj 33 18.32 555
34b Bus - - Livada Poștei - Izvor 29
35 Bus - - Gară - Calea București - Noua 29 16.91 583
36 Bus - - Livada Poștei - 13 Decembrie - Independenței 17 8.99 529
37 Bus - - Hidro A - Gară - Craiter 20 11.2 560
40 Bus - - Gară - Griviței - Stupini 46 26.96 586
41 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Lungă - Cimitirul Central - Stupini 33 17.69 536
50 Bus - - Livada Poștei - Pe Tocile - Podu Crețului 12 6 500
51 Bus - - Gară - Primărie - Pe Tocile 18 9.58 532
52 Bus - - Panselelor-Roman - Primărie - Pe Tocile 18 14.14 544
53 Bus 2018 - Facultate Constructii - Panselelor 7 - -
54 Bus - - Hidro A - Triaj 25 - -
60 Bus - - Silver Mountain - Telecabina 4 - -
100 Bus 2022 - Telecabină Poiana Brașov- Gara Brașov 10 - -


Statistics

Buses Trolleybuses Total
Number of lines 35 5 40
Road used - km 21.2 km + 21.2 km
Total route length 603.2 km 94.8 km 698 km
Average route length 15.08 km 13.54 km 14.85 km
Average stop distance 621 m 543 m 610 m
Total stops made 1020 174 1194

Note: "Road used" denotes the distance of the roads on which buses/trolleys travel (it's an approximate value), while "Total route length" is the sum of one round trip of each of the lines implied.

Statistics made in June 2012

Discontinued routes

This table uses the same format as the one above, with two exceptions: the fourth column (Closed) indicates the year when the line (not necessarily the route itself) ceased to operate, and there is an additional column for Notes.

Line Type Opened Closed Route Stops Length Avg. distance Notes
101 Tram 1987 2006 Saturn - Gară - Rulmentul 20 13.4 670 Operated between August 22, 1987 and November 18, 2006

Notes

Nota bene
  1. ^ a b c d Built by MAN Türkiye in Ankara, Turkey.
  2. ^ Built by Mercedes-Benz Türk in Istanbul, Turkey.
  3. ^ Solothurn, Schwyz, and Zurich.
  4. ^ Solothurn, Zug, Basel, and Bern.
  5. ^ a b c Built by Karsan in Bursa, Turkey .
  6. ^ Other additional 25 units on order.
  7. ^ Limoges and St. Etienne.
References
  1. ^ "Ratbv S.a."
  2. ^ "Noutati la Regia de Transport BRASOV". Archived from the original on 2012-04-14. Retrieved 2012-06-09.
  3. ^ at the time (1876–1920), the Kingdom of Hungary was divided into counties called Vármegye in Hungarian, Komitat in German, and Varmeghie/Comitat in Romanian. Háromszék (Trei Scaune in Romanian) was the neighboring county to the East of Brașov county (named after the city that it included). Neither should be confused with either the interwar or later administrative regions similarly translated into English.
  4. ^ Other common names at the time for the city were Kolozsvár (in Hungarian) and Klausenburg (in German); the current Romanian name, Cluj-Napoca, is used since 1974.
  5. ^ The building was built between 1881-1888 on the former Zwinger ground of the Furrier's guild, and initially housed the "General Institute of Pensions" (Zamfir, Anca-Maria (2009). "Brașov. Un secol de arhitectură, 1885-1984", page 5); it is unclear if it had the same function in 1929.
  6. ^ "întreprindere" is translatable as enterprise or company, factory, business.
  7. ^ the former Astra Factories (train manufacturer; had recently merged with Astra Arad and changed its name from RomLoc) and the current Roman SA (truck and bus manufacturer)
  8. ^ not to be confused with the current station, built not far away, in 1960-1961.
  9. ^ "Petru Alexe Bâlbu a adus şi a condus primul troleibuz din Braşov".
  10. ^ neighbourhood named after the tractor-manufacturing "Tractorul" factory, previously aeronautics constructor IAR (which was moved to Ghimbav)
  11. ^ system which is still in use today; before, there would be a ticket salesperson in each bus/trolley;
  12. ^ since then, line 16 used trolleybuses for several years;
  13. ^ 'House of the Army' in the communist era; 'Military Circle' during its construction in the 1940s and after 1990.
  14. ^ "S.C. RATBV S.A. Brasov - operatorul de transport public din Brasov".
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