Oberon (moon)
 Click image for description | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | William Herschel |
| Discovery date | January 11, 1787 |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| 583,520 km | |
Mean orbit radius | 583,519 km |
| Eccentricity | 0.0014 |
| 13.463234 d | |
| Inclination | 0.058° (to Uranus' equator) |
| Satellite of | Uranus |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 761.4 km (0.1194 Earths) | |
| 7,285,000 km² | |
| Volume | 1,849,000,000 km³ |
| Mass | 3.014×1021 kg (5.0455×10−4 Earths) |
Mean density | 1.63 g/cm³ |
| 0.346 m/s2 | |
| 0.73 km/s | |
| presumed synchronous[1] | |
| Albedo | 0.23 |
| Temperature | ~61 K |
Oberon (oe'-bər-on, IPA: [ˈɔʊbərɒn]) is the outermost of the major moons of the planet Uranus. It was discovered on January 11, 1787 by William Herschel. He reported it and Titania the same year.[2][3] He would later report four more satellites, which would turn out to be spurious.[4] Remarkably, for nearly fifty years from their discovery, Titania and Oberon would not be observed by any other instrument than William Herschel's.[5]
Name
The name "Oberon" and the names of all four satellites of Uranus then known were suggested by Herschel's son John Herschel in 1852 at the request of William Lassell, who had discovered Ariel and Umbriel the year before.[6] Lassell had earlier endorsed Herschel's 1847 naming scheme for the seven then-known satellites of Saturn and had named his newly-discovered eighth satellite Hyperion in accordance with Herschel's naming scheme in 1848. The adjectival form of the name is Oberonian.
All of the moons of Uranus are named for characters from Shakespeare or Alexander Pope. Oberon was named after Oberon, the King of the Fairies in A Midsummer Night's Dream.
It is also now designated Uranus IV. It was initially called simply "the second satellite of Uranus"; in 1848 it was given the designation Uranus II by William Lassell, although he sometimes also used William Herschel's numbering (where Titania and Oberon are II and IV).[7][8][9]
Physical features
So far the only close-up images of Oberon are from the Voyager 2 probe, which photographed the moon during its Uranus flyby in January, 1986. At the time of the flyby the southern hemisphere of the moon was pointed towards the Sun, so the northern hemisphere could not be studied. The moon though may be able to be seen from earth with an amateur telescope [1].
With a radius of 761.4 km, Oberon is the second largest moon of Uranus.
Although its interior make-up is uncertain, one model suggests that Oberon is composed of roughly 50% water ice, 30% silicate rock, and 20% methane-related carbon/nitrogen compounds. It has an old, heavily cratered, and icy surface which shows little evidence of internal activity other than some unknown dark material that apparently covers the floors of many craters. However, some large faults can be seen across the southern hemisphere, which indicates some internal activity early in it's life.
So far, scientists have recognised a few types of geological features on Oberon: craters, chasmata, and moutains. In fact one such mountain rises about 4 miles (6 killmeters) above the Oberian surface.
See also
External links
Notes
- ^ An application of a rough formula indicates tidal locking on a timescale of the order of 300,000 years (see Tidal locking).
- ^ An Account of the Discovery of Two Satellites Revolving Round the Georgian Planet, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 77, pp. 125-129, (1787)
- ^ On George's Planet and its satellites, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 78, pp. 364-378, (1788)
- ^ On the Discovery of Four Additional Satellites of the Georgium Sidus; The Retrograde Motion of Its Old Satellites Announced; And the Cause of Their Disappearance at Certain Distances from the Planet Explained, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 88, pp. 47-79, (1798)
- ^ Herschel, J.; On the Satellites of Uranus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 3, No. 5 (March 14, 1834) pp. 35–36
- ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AN.../0034//0000169.000.html Adsabs.harvard.edu Retrieved on 05-19-07
- ^ Lassell, W.; Observations of Satellites of Uranus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 8, No. 3 (January 14, 1848), pp. 43–44
- ^ Struve, O.; Note on the Satellites of Uranus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 8, No. 3 (January 14, 1848), pp. 44–47
- ^ Lassell, W.; Bright Satellites of Uranus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 10, No. 6 (April 12, 1850), p. 135
Natural satellites of the Solar System | ||
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| Dwarf planet satellites of | ||
| Minor-planet moons | ||
| Ranked by size | ||