Dulaim

Dulaim

Regions with significant populations
Iraq	5,200,000
Syria	3,600,000
Jordan	280,000
Saudi Arabia	120,000
Languages
Arabic
Religion
Predominantly Sunni Islam; largest minority: Shia Islam, Christianity

Dulaim or Dulaimi or Al Duliam or Dulaym (Arabic: الدليم) is one of the largest of all Arab tribes, with over nine million people, The tribe's history goes back to pre-Islamic times and millions descend from the tribe today in Iraq and neighboring countries such as Syria and Jordan.

Pronounced locally as "Al-Dulaim" but written as Dulaim, Also spelled Al-Dulaim, Dulaimi, Dulaym, Dalaimy, Dulaymi, Dulaimi

Members of this tribe are commonly identifiable by the surnames of their own clans or by the name
Al-Dulaimi.

Origins

In pre-Islamic times the Dulaim tribe was known by Zubayd, according to Dulaim leaders the tribe descend from Qahtan, others believe that Dulaim descend from ancient Iraqis, while some books Suggested that the Dulaim tribe formed from a tribal alliance.

The Dulaim tribe traces its ancestry to the Zubayd tribe.

The Zubaydis were originally from Yemen and migrated through the Arabian Peninsula to Iraq during the first millennium. Some scholars believe they were part of the first Arab Conquests in the 7th century. The Dulaims are a large Sunni tribe in Iraq, living on the Euphrates from a point just below Al Hillah and southern Baghdad to al-Qaim and Mosul.

The Shiite Arabs in iraq believes that the Dulaim tribe descend from Dailam (Persian people), however, the Dulaimis consider themselves as arabs.

The Dulaimis in iraq have Bedouin traditions and Speaking Iraqi Bedouin accent and look like arabs and It's noticeable that the majority of the members of Al-Dulaim tribe are pretty tall.

History

The tribe is believed to have included a large number of Christians and Jews before Islam, The early Islamic historical sources report that the tribe religion was Judaism and Christian.

At time the of Caliph `Umar ibn al-Khattāb he granted them the western region of Euphrates, "Al Anbar" because the tribe has participated in fighting the Persian Empire.

Until 1890 the majority of Dulaim tribe remained Bedouins. However, many have settled in cities, Baghdad and Ramadi and Fallujah and Mahmoudiya.

The tribe abstain to pay taxes to the Ottoman Empire to about nearly century and half a century. the tribe has defeated the Ottoman troops in famous battles in 1799 and in 1819 and in 1820.

during and after WW I. During that period, most of the clans of the Dulaim tribe were considered well-armed. Their proximity to the desert made it relatively easy for them to obtain arms and ammunition. The Dulaim tribe also had a reputation as raiders who displayed good fighting skills both against other tribes and against Ottoman troops before WW I. each year when the Ottoman authorities tried to assess the crops of the Dulaim clans, the Dulaimis came into contact with Ottoman troops. In many cases, the Ottoman troops were defeated by the tribesmen.

During WW I, the Ottoman Army occupied al-Ramadi and much of the Dulaim tribal area in 1910. As a result, the Dulaim assisted the Ottomans in their operations against the British. This changed when the British forced the Ottomans out of the Dulaim’s tribal lands in September 1917, at which time Shaikh Ali Sulaiman made “submission” to the British. Despite this, many clans of the Dulaim whose lands were still occupied by Ottoman forces continued to assist the Ottomans until their lands were occupied by the British.

Following WW I, most Dulaim clans went their own way and fought the British – particularly the Al-Bu Nimr, the Al-Bu Qartan, and the Al-Bu Mahal, along with the Zoba' of the Shammar tribe. The Abu Nimr and the Albu Mahal and the Al-Bu Risha and the Al-Mahamda also joined with the Jaghaifa and the Aqaidat to fight the British during the insurrection of 1920.

During the reign of Saddam Hussein's regime, the tribe entered in Battles and clashes in Anbar province between 1993-1999 due to execution Iraqi army officers belonging to Dulaim clans, On the ground members of the Dulaim clans breaked the prisons and released the Dulaimi prisoners and control over police stations and the presidential palace at Ramadi and during that period Qusay Saddam almost killed but he wounded and escape, and Saddam response by bombing Anbar and the city of Ramadi.

Saddam Hussein was aware of the realities of population and Viewed cautiously to the Anbar region and the areas surrounding Baghdad.

Dulaim and the events of Iraq War

Dulaim is the largest tribe in Anbar province, which formed the nucleus of the resistance\insurgency against U.S. forces in iraq.

The Dulaimis are the most detriment from the Iraq American War, the shiite militias cooperate with the Iraqi forces had kidnapping, arresting, and killing Sunnis in baghdad and Dulaimi Sunnis in particular. The US forces had Bombed Fallujah one of their towns. The Dulaimis in baghdad and southern Baghdad were targeted by the Iraqi forces.
The Leader of Al-Bataha and Al-Ghrer clan from Dulaim tribe were killed by the iraqi security force.

File:Anbar2.jpg

Dulaimi Gunmen in anbar

as a result the entire Dulaim tribe join to the armed groups fighting the Americans army and adoption Zarqawi style (Roadside bombs and Beheading and Suicide Attacks).

Members of the Dulaim cannot hold their heads up high until they avenge the deaths of their cousins by killing Americans.

The Dulaimis traditions says "if any tribe or group kill Dulaimi in return Dulaimis should kill 4 from them for revenging"

the events of the war and the bombing of Fallujah and targeting the Sunnis in baghdad and many other reasons pushed the Sunni Dulaimi clans to carry arms against iraqi government and U.S. forces in iraq.

Dulaim region

File:Dulaim in numbers in iraq.jpg

The Dulaimis in iraq

The tribe is located primarily in Anbar (western Iraq), it is present in all Iraq provinces, in particular Babil, Ninawa, Baghdad, Salah ad Din and Diyala. Dulaimis are also present in central and eastern Syria and the Iranian province of Khuzestan and in Najd and northern Saudi Arabia and in southern and northern Jordan.

The large Dulaim tribe is composed from more 500 clans, found mostly in Iraq and Syria. The Dulaim tribe is mostly comprised of Sunni Muslims. However, a Shitte branch exists in Najaf, Karbala, Basra, Babil and Baghdad . They are commonly called the Al Fatlah clans.

Sunni Muslims in Iraq are predominately from the Zubaid tribes, Dulaim, Al Jubour, Al Janabi, Al Azza, and Al Ubaid. The Dulaim tribe forms the majority of the Sunnis in Iraq. In fact, all the inhabitants Al-Anbar province are Sunni Muslims from the Dulaim tribe and among inhabitants it is commonly referred to as the Al Dulaim province.

The Dulaimis are spread over the area between Ctesiphon (currently known as Salman Pak) stretching south to Babylon (Al Hillah) and west to Ramadi in Anbar Province and to the north Taji, Samarra and Mosul.

There also a large presence of Dulaim tribe in Baghdad, the inhabitants of Al-A'amiriya, Adhamiyah, Dora, Al-Ghazaliya, Al-Wazireya, Hayy Al-Mansor, Yarmouk and Al-Saydiya in Baghdad and the areas surrounding Baghdad from the south, west and north, the region that lies between Baghdad and Al Hillah are almost completely from the Dulaim tribe.

List of the clans of Dulaim tribe

Dulaim branched out into various sub-clans, who in turn branched out into further sub-clans, the Dulaim tribe Composed from more 500 clans but the major clans of Dulaim tribe are :

• DULAIM
  • Al-Bu Ridaini
    • Al-Bu Assaf
    • Al-Bu Dhiyab
    • Al-Bu Ali al-Jaasim
    • Al-Bu Jaabir
    • Al-Bu Aitha
    • Al-Bu Dirnaj
    • Al-Bu Matroud
    • Al-Bu Ali
    • Al-Bu Pali
    • Al-Bu Ghnam
    • Al-Bu Zidan
    • Al-Bu Mahhal
    • Al-Bu Ubaid
    • Al-Karabla
  • Al-Bu Alwan
  • Al-Bu Fahd
  • Al-Bu Nimr
  • Al-Bu Khalifah
  • Al-Bu Mar'i
  • Al-Bu Risha
  • Al-Mahamda
  • Al-Falahat
  • Al-Halabsa
  • Al-Bu Salim
  • Al-Bu Chilaib
  • Al-Malahma
  • Allahib
  • Al-Bu Sodah
  • Al-Ghrer
  • Al-Bu Sha'ban
  • Al-Bu Hussein Al-Ali
  • Al-Bu Ghanm
  • Al-Bu Shihab
  • Al-Bu Sakr
  • Salman
  • Al-Fatla
  • Al-Bu Issa
  • Al-Bu Hamzah
  • Al-Bu Musa
  • Al-Bu Arab
  • Al-Jumeilat
  • Al-Bu Shaeeb
  • Al-Jawaanh
  • Al-Bu Hardan
  • Al-Bu 'aamr
  • Al-Bu Qartan
  • Al-Bu Khald
  • Al-Bu Mfarag
  • Al-Bu Farraj
  • Al-Bataha
  • Al-Jaghaifa
  • Al-Anbari
  • Al-Rawi

Allied

• Qarghoul

• `Anizzah

• Al Jubour

• Al Ubaid

• Al Janabi

• Al Azza

• Zoba'

These clans are not independent tribes, they together are called Dulaim tribe.
Al Jubour and Al Ubaid and Al Azza and Al Janabi consider independent tribes separated from Dulaim and also descended from the Zubaid, The Zubaid tribes and Zoba' tribe are Allied to Dulaim and they all came from the same origin.

Sheiks and Leaders

There are many sheikhs of al-Dulaim tribe but the famous of them are:

• Sheikh Mazahr Abd Alkarim `Dhiab Kharbit Al-Dulaimi (Lebanon)
• Sheikh Majed Abdul-Razzaq al-Ali (Jordan)
• Sheikh Zeidan Khalaf Alawaad Al-Dulaim (Jordan)
• Sheikh Mohammed Almahshn Al-Dulaimi
• Sheikh Majid Ali Sulaiman (Jordan)
• Sheikh Ali Hatem Ali Sulaiman (Iraq)
• Sheikh Abdul-Jabbar Ali Sulaiman (Iraq)
• Sheikh Amer Ali Sulaiman (Iraq)
• Sheikh Bazi' Mua'jal Al-'kaud Al-namrawi (Iraq)
• Sheikh Mahmoud al-Fahdawi (Iraq)
• Sheikh Hazem Rasheed Al-Dulaimi and the Sheikhs of the Al-Ali Suleiman family and Al Kharibit family and Abu Nimr family and Abu Fahd family and Abu Risha and many others.