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Dwain Chambers

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Dwain Anthony Chambers (born 5 April 1978) is an English sprinter of Afro-Caribbean descent. His primary event is the 100 metres sprint but he also regularly runs in the 60 metres, 200 metres and 4x100 metres relay. Chambers has won medals on the international stage numerous times and is one of the fastest European sprinters in the history of recorded athletics.[1] His personal best of 9.97 seconds in the 100 metres is the second fastest time by a British sprinter.[2] He also holds the European 4x100 metres relay record with 37.73 seconds. In 1997, he set a world junior record for the 100 meters at 10.06 seconds, which has since been surpassed.

Chambers' first appearance at the Olympics was at the Sydney 2000 Games where he turned in the best 100 metres performance by a European at the event. By 2001, he had become the top British sprinter, breaking the 10 second barrier twice at the Edmonton World Championships. However, in October 2003, he tested positive for the banned steroid THG in a drugs check, leading to the BALCO scandal. Chambers received a two-year athletics ban, and a lifetime Olympic ban. He had all of his racing accomplishments since 2002 annulled, wiping away his European record.

Chambers returned to the track and field circuit in June 2006, and won gold with his teammates in the 4x100 metres at the 2006 European Championships but a feud with Darren Campbell tainted the victory. Disillusioned with athletics, Chambers joined the Hamburg Sea Devils of the NFL Europa league in early 2007. After the league folded, Chambers returned to sprinting, winning a silver medal in the 60 metres at the 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships, and filing unsuccessful appeals of his Olympic ban. He briefly looked to rugby league as an alternative to the hostility he faced from fans and peers in athletics, but his trial with the Castleford Tigers was unsuccessful. He has since returned to sprinting, and on 8 August 2008, signed a deal to write an autobiography.

Biography

Early career

Junior athletics

Chambers was raised in Finsbury, London, and athletics was a part of his family life. His older sister Christine won the senior 100 metres finals at the English Schools Championships in 1986 and 1987 and competed in the European Athletics Junior Championships.[3][4] As a schoolboy he was coached by Selwyn Philbert who devoted himself to the young sprinter.[5] Chambers first showed his athletic promise at the English Schools' Athletic Association Championships. In the boys' intermediate 100 metres race in 1994 he ran to victory with a time of 10.64 seconds which, as of 2008, ranks as the joint fifth best time in the history of the competition.[6][7] Chambers built on this with a strong showing at the 1995 European Junior Championships, receiving two gold medals for his efforts in the 100 metres and the sprint relay, the latter with the help of fellow British sprinter Marlon Devonish.[8] Chambers returned two years later to the 1997 European Junior Championships, this time showing even more promise. He retained the sprint relay gold medal and broke the 100 metres sprint record with a time of 10.06 seconds, a world junior record at the time.[1]

Senior athletics

Chambers' success continued in the 100 metres event at the 1998 European Championships. Chambers attained second place with 10.10 seconds, finishing second to British compatriot Darren Campbell.[9] Chambers achieved a new personal best at the 1998 IAAF World Cup with a time of 10.03 seconds on 11 September 1998. However, he only finished third in the race which featured six athletes recording personal bests and a championship record breaking winner.[10] Chambers' ability attracted the attention of former sprinter and Commonwealth Games gold medallist Mike McFarlane, who became his coach..[5] Chambers remained hungry for gold medals and achieved first place in the 100 metres in the 1999 European Cup held in Paris.[1] His times continued to improve and shortly afterwards in Nuremburg he became only the second European sprinter to break the ten second barrier with a time of 9.99 seconds.[7] Chambers felt elated at the achievement but the competition was fierce as fellow British sprinter Jason Gardener scored a time of 9.98 seconds in Lausanne soon after, becoming the third Briton to break the barrier.[11][12] In addition, Chambers remained some distance behind his North American counterparts, as did the other European sprinters. He had yet to win gold on the world senior stage and the 1999 World Championships in Seville provided him with an opportunity.

Seville World Championships to Sydney Olympics

Chambers attained a new personal best at the tournament, registering a time of 9.97 seconds in the 100 metres finals. However, the North American dominance of the event was palpable as United States sprinter Maurice Greene and Canadian runner Bruny Surin bolted to first and second place respectively. Chambers' third place time paled in comparison to Bruny's national record setting 9.84 seconds and Greene's championship record time of 9.80 seconds.[13] The 4x100 metres event was more fruitful for the British sprinters. Along with Gardener, Campbell and Marlon Devonish, Chambers raced to second place, finishing in 37.73 seconds. The US team, led by Greene, won the event in 37.59 seconds, again outrunning their European rivals.[14]

Though he failed to win a gold medal at the tournament, Chambers' silver and bronze medal winning performances brought him into the spotlight. His third place finish in the 100 metres was Europe's best in the event and at the age of 21 he was the youngest World Championships 100 metres medallist.[4] World record holder Maurice Greene was hitting his peak, winning three gold medals in Seville, but Chambers had youth on his side. At 21, Greene's personal best was 10.08 seconds; a time which denied the American a podium place at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics and was over a tenth of a second slower than Chambers' 1999 best.[15]

With the 2000 Sydney Olympics approaching, Chambers studied the technique of other sprinters to improve himself. In an interview with the British Broadcasting Corporation's Tom Fordyce, Chambers noted the stamina Greene and Surin gained from running over 200 metres and the acceleration of Jason Gardener in the 60 metres event.[16] He experimented with distances at the beginning of 2000, sprinting over 50, 60 and 200 metres in various competitions. He set a personal best of 6.55 seconds in the 60 metres event in Ghent, Belgium, on 11 February 2000.[1] Chambers set his sights on gold, declaring his intention to run under 10 seconds in the 100 metres event numerous times in preparation for the Olympics.[16]

His confidence was running high but the sprinter suffered a setback as a hamstring injury caused him to miss six weeks of training.[11] When Chambers returned from injury his performances were lacklustre. He finished ninth at the 2000 Golden Gala in Rome with a substandard 10.41 seconds, admitting that his confidence had plummeted.[17] His poor form continued; on 5 August 2000 at the British Grand Prix he finished seventh in a tame 10.30 seconds, causing him to consider quitting the season altogether.[11]

Chambers' slump put his Olympic chances in jeopardy but he had a late rejuvenation that guaranteed his place. At the British Olympic trials he snatched first place with 10.11 seconds; just one hundredth of a second ahead of Darren Campbell.[18] Victory against in-form world record holder Maurice Greene followed shortly afterwards. Chambers finished first in Gateshead, against international competition, registering 10.11 seconds against a strong head wind. This raised Chambers' confidence and he professed his desire to take home a medal from the Games, whether it be gold, silver or bronze.[19]

The results of the 2000 Sydney Olympics proved bitter-sweet for the Englishman. Chambers qualified with relative ease through the heat stages, finishing either first or second each time. Chambers achieved a season's best in the 100 metres final on 23 September 2000, crossing the line in 10.08 seconds.[1] However, this was not sufficient for a medal and he again suffered a defeat to sprinters from the other side of the Atlantic. Chambers finished behind Greene, Trinidadian Ato Boldon and Obadele Thompson from Barbados.[20] Chambers had to settle for European supremacy without medals.

Edmonton World Championships

Chambers had failed to top the podium on the Olympic stage but he continued to shine in other events. The sprinter claimed first place in the 100 metres for his club Belgrave Harriers at the European Clubs Cup.[21] His time of 10.12 seconds equalled the meeting record and he noted this was his fastest start to a season yet.[22][23] He also performed well in the Amateur Athletics Association (AAA) trials in Birmingham; his 10.01 seconds was the fastest time recorded in Britain by a British sprinter.[24][25][7] Chambers ran with a marked improvement in consistency in 2001. He won at the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) Grand Prix in Seville in 10.01 seconds on 8 June 2001 and finished third in ten seconds flat at the Lausanne Grand Prix a month later.[26][27][28] In the run up to the 2001 IAAF Edmonton World Championships Chambers remarked on his own performances with aplomb: "I am very consistent in the 10.00s this year, and that bodes well for the Worlds. If you are running as fast as Linford Christie in his prime, it gives you a lot of confidence."[25]

You have to have it upstairs to beat Maurice. His whole aura can have an effect on your mental focus. If you get caught up in his mind-games then you'll be crushed.[29]

Chambers on Maurice Greene
BBC Interview with Tom Fordyce

The AAA trials and British Grand Prix saw Chambers improving over other distances, setting 200 metres personal bests of 20.65 seconds then 20.31 seconds.[7][29] The former result meant Chambers was selected to run in the event at the World Championships, in addition to the 100 metres.[30] Looking back to his defeat in Sydney, Chambers tried to discover what made Maurice Greene so dominant. In an interview with Tom Fordyce, he reflected on the effect Greene had on other sprinters with his strong presence and mind games; the veteran undermined the competition both physically and mentally. "You have to get out in front of him and hold on for dear life" he said of the world record holder.[29]

Chambers broke the ten second barrier twice in Edmonton with 9.97 seconds in the quarter finals and 9.99 seconds in the final.[31][32] This was not enough for a medal in a strong race which featured five sprinters running under ten seconds; Greene was triumphant once again. Though Chambers finished fifth in the event, this was later amended to fourth place after silver medallist Tim Montgomery tested positive for banned substances.[33] Greene and Chambers both suffered hamstring injuries in the final, thus ruling the latter out of the 200 metres event.[34][35] Chambers had recovered in time for the Goodwill Games in Brisbane, Australia. He finished in first place and the still-injured Greene could only manage to commentate on his European rival's victory.[36]

2002 Commonwealth Games

Chambers' coach Mike McFarlane struggled with the work load of full-time training.[37] Frustrated by the distance between himself and the top sprinters, Chambers decided to relocate to California to work with veteran coach Remi Korchemny and nutritionist Victor Conte.[38] In the run up to the year's major events, Chambers was in fine form and recorded a 200 metres personal best of 20.27 seconds in Athens on 10 June 2002.[x 1][39] Tim Montgomery, impressed by Chambers' training regime, tipped the Briton to win the gold at the forthcoming 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England.[40]

I'm not taking anything away from Dwain. He was better prepared than me and fully deserved the victory. He's getting better and better. I can't be mad with myself – he ran so well.[41]

Maurice Greene after losing to Chambers in Oslo
From BBC Sport

He won the 100 metres at the Commonwealth Games trials in style, recording a season's best of 10.03 seconds.[x 1][42] On the strength of his performances Chambers was made team captain for the 2002 European Cup event.[43] The appointment fired the sprinter's confidence and he equalled Linford Christie's European Cup record of 10.04 seconds in the 100 metres.[x 1] His performance helped win the event for the British team, earning them a place in the 2002 IAAF World Cup.[44] Further victories followed with times of 10.05 seconds at Oslo's ÅF Golden League meeting and a wind-assisted 9.95 seconds in Sheffield.[x 1][41][45] Chambers beat Maurice Greene both times and the American complimented him on his victory and his constant improvement.[41] Emerging as the favourite to win the 100 metres at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, Chambers faced stiff competition from British newcomer Mark Lewis-Francis who was finishing fractions of a second behind him.[37] Competition commenced on 26 July 2002 and Chambers won all his preliminary races and reached the final, along with Lewis-Francis and Jason Gardener.[46][47][48] However, Chambers started poorly and he suffered cramp mid-race, ending up in last place. The British sprinters had the three slowest times in the final, with Lewis-Francis also beset by injury.[49]

Chambers redoubled his efforts after the injury in Manchester and was in good form in the rest of the season. He claimed a gold medal in the 100 metres at the 2002 European Championships in Munich with a championship record of 9.96 seconds.[x 1][5][50] He received a second gold medal two days later, anchoring the Great Britain team to victory in the 4x100 metres relay.[x 1][51] Further confirming his 100 metres pedigree, Chambers recorded a time of 9.94 seconds at the Weltklasse meeting in Zürich, again beating world record holder Greene.[x 1][52] He finished the season with an impressive outing in favourable wind conditions at the 2002 IAAF Grand Prix Final in Paris. Chambers finished with a personal best of 9.87 seconds, equalling Linford Christie's European record, second only to Tim Montgomery's world record time of 9.79 seconds.[x 1][53] Reinforcing his successful season, he received the 2002 European Athlete of the Year Trophy for his achievements on the track.[54]

2003 World Championships

Maurice Greene's era was slowly coming to an end and Chambers began the 2003 season with a grandiose statement: namely that he would lower the 100 metres record to 9.65 seconds — over a tenth of a second faster than Greene's world record at the time.[55] After recovering from a minor injury he suffered in January,[56] Chambers began the season running the 60 metres at indoor events. Despite claims he could beat the 60 metres record, his form was disappointing and he failed to pass the heats at the 2003 British Grand Prix, finishing fourth in a time of 6.68 seconds.[x 1][57] Undeterred he set his sights on the AAA trials in order to qualify for the IAAF World Indoor Championships. However, with a time of 6.59 seconds,[x 1] he suffered defeat against Mark Lewis-Francis by a hundredth of a second, narrowly missing out on a spot at the championships.[58]

Chambers announced that he was to part with trainer Mike McFarlane in favour of a permanent relationship with Ukrainian coach Remi Korchemny.[59] Despite the change, the sprinter started the 100 metres season modestly, finishing third and fourth in competitions in Modesto, California and Eugene, Oregon respectively.[x 1][60][61] At an international meeting in Glasgow Chambers won but his finishing time of 10.15 seconds still failed to impress.[x 1][62] Faced with the prospect of not qualifying for the World Championships, Chambers improved under pressure, winning the AAA trials in 10.08 seconds.[x 1][63][64]

His season's best came under strange circumstances at the British Grand Prix — the timing system broke down so the sprinters' races had to be recorded manually. Initially timed by hand at dead on ten seconds, Chambers' winning run was changed to 9.96 seconds after video evidence was consulted.[x 1][21] This boded well for the upcoming World Championships in Paris. However, Chambers could not repeat his Grand Prix form and missed a podium finish in the 100 metres final with 10.08 seconds,[x 1] losing out on the bronze medal to rival Darren Campbell.[65] Chambers squandered his anchoring lead in the 4x100 metres relay, allowing Joshua J. Johnson of the United States team to beat him to the finish line.[x 1] Though a close fourth and a silver medal could not be deemed as a complete failure, there was a sense of disappointment in the press that Chambers' record breaking claims and gold medals had never materialised.[66][5] However, in spite of his lacklustre form, Chambers was about to make the headlines.

Drugs ban

A sample for an out-of-competition drugs test that Chambers had provided in Germany on 1 August 2003 was re-examined in October and subsequently tested positive for banned substances.[21][67][68][38][69] The United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) were investigating the Bay Area Laboratory Co-operative (BALCO); the workplace of both Chambers' coach Remi Korchemny and nutritionist Victor Conte. Both men faced charges of distributing illegal drugs to athletes in the United States.[70][71] The BALCO scandal uncovered drug use in a wide range of sportsmen and women, including sprinters Marion Jones and Tim Montgomery.[69]

Chambers' new coach had introduced him to Conte as a way of providing the sprinter with specialised nutritional supplements.[38] Conte had helped develop a type of anabolic steroid called THG, or tetrahydrogestrinone, at BALCO. After Chambers discovered that he had tested positive for drugs he sent his lawyer to meet Conte and make inquires as to the nature of the supplement. Conte assured him that all the substances were IAAF compliant.[71][72]

After further investigation, it was revealed on 22 October 2003 that Chambers had tested positive for the banned steroid THG.[21] Analysis of his backup sample also tested positive and the outcome was confirmed on 7 November 2003, making Chambers the first person to test positive for the new drug.[72] Chambers was suspended the same day with an independent UK Athletics tribunal pending.[73][74] The disciplinary hearing on 24 February 2004 resulted in a two-year ban from athletics, backdated to begin on 7 November 2003.[75][76] He was also banned for life from the Olympics and stripped of the medals he had won since 2002, after admitting that he had taken THG from that date.[38] Chambers' 2002 relay gold medal performance was erased, costing team-mates Darren Campbell, Marlon Devonish and Christian Malcolm their medals in the process. Chambers was also ordered by the IAAF to pay back his earnings from the period of his athletics career that was affected by his drug abuse.[21]

Chambers denied that he had any knowledge that the substance he was taking was banned and claimed he was deceived by Conte over its true use.[38] By Chambers' own admission in 2008, in a letter by his supplier Conte to British anti-doping chief John Scott, THG was not the only substance he had used during his career. In his frank confession he admitted to the use of epitestosterone cream, EPO, HGH, insulin lispro, modafinil and liothyronine.[77][78]

Banned from competition, Chambers had to search out alternative outlets for his athletic prowess. He had been considering a switch to American football prior to the ban to emulate his hero Renaldo Nehemiah.[79] Attempting to follow in his footsteps, Chambers tried out — unsuccessfully — with Nehemiah's old team, the San Francisco 49ers.[80] As a result he drifted on to the celebrity circuit, appearing on British reality television series Hell's Kitchen in May 2004. However, Chambers had little interest in the show and soon chose to leave.[81]

Return to athletics

With a return to competition forthcoming, Chambers began training in Jamaica in late 2005 in preparation for the athletics season. Under the guidance of Glen Mills, coach of Caribbean sprinters Kim Collins and Usain Bolt, Chambers set his eye upon competing at the World Indoor Championships in March.[38] The drug suspension had expired in November but he needed to pass four mandatory drugs tests in order to gain clearance to compete with the IAAF. He aimed to return with a performance in the 60 metres at the British Grand Prix in February 2008 but his comeback was delayed. Following revelations that Chambers had been using THG since the beginning 2002, not since August 2003, as he had claimed to the IAAF, the body delayed his track return until the matter was resolved.[82] After a two-year ban for drugs, Chambers was cleared to return to the athletics circuit by the IAAF on 10 June 2006. However, his return was dependent on an agreement to repay prize money he won whilst under the influence of banned substances.[83] He returned to competition on 11 June 2006 in the Norwich Union British Grand Prix at Gateshead.[84] In the 100 metres final he finished third in 10.07 seconds, behind Asafa Powell who equalled his own world record.[85][86] The result placed Chambers at the top of the British rankings and was the fastest time by a European sprinter in 2006.[87][7] However, Chambers had little time for celebration as on 26 June 2008 his return was marred by the IAAF's decision to annul all of Chambers' performances since the beginning of 2002, in light of his drug use. This removed him of his European 100 metres gold medal and invalidated his European record of 9.87 seconds.[88] The European record had since been broken by Francis Obikwelu of Portugal, who ran 9.86 seconds in the Athens 2004 Olympics.[89]

Ironically, with the exception of the 9.87 seconds he clocked to equal Linford Christie's British record in Paris in 2002, Chambers was a consistently quicker athlete before he moved to San Francisco that year and became entangled in the drugs net spun by Victor Conte and the Bay Area Lab Co-operative.[90]

Simon Turnbull on Chambers' drug use
from The Independent

Chambers lamented the effects of his drug use and noted the irony that the drugs did not do much to improve his performances.[90] Indeed, in his return to international competition his times were significantly worse compared to his pre-drug years. In the 100 metres at 2006 European Championships in Gothenburg, Chambers recorded times of 10.24 seconds (first round),[91] 10.39 seconds (second round),[92] 10.25 seconds (semi-final) and 10.24 seconds (final, in which he finished fifth).[93] The results were sub-par and well below Chambers' personal and season's best. However, he was victorious as part of the gold medal-winning British 4x100 metres team.[76] Darren Campbell, who was angry at losing his medals from the 2003 World Championships, refused to join the team in a celebratory lap, due to Chambers' inclusion in the team.[94] Campbell allegedly did not want Chambers to even be in the team on account of his record.[95]

After the 2006 European Athletics Championships, Chambers once again expressed an interest in leaving athletics in favour of American football, completing a week long NFL Europa training camp in Cologne in November.[96]

NFL Europa

Chambers completed NFL Europa training camps in November 2006, January and March 2007 and impressed NFL Europa bosses with his speed and mentality.[97][98][99] This resulted in a professional contract with German NFL Europa side Hamburg Sea Devils which Chambers signed on 10 March, 2007.[100] In May 2007, as he prepared for the new NFL Europa season, Chambers gave an interview to four times Olympic Gold medal rower Sir Matthew Pinsent, for the BBC's Inside Sport programme.[101]

When asked whether a clean athlete was likely to beat one using drugs in an Olympic final: "It's possible, but the person that's taken drugs has to be having a real bad day. That's what I believe".[102]

BBC interview with Matthew Pinsent

In the interview, Chambers claimed there would always be athletes using performance-enhancing drugs because drug testers did not keep pace with advances in science. Chambers added that in the Olympics finals athletes who took drugs had an immense advantage over those who remained clean.[102] Chambers was roundly condemned for his comments in the interview by both the press and his former colleagues in the athletics world, including Sir Steve Redgrave, Mo Farah,[103] and Sebastian Coe,[104] although former 100 metres world record holder Asafa Powell supported Chambers' claims.[105]

Following news that Chambers was receiving new, legal nutritional supplements from Victor Conte, on 30 May 2007 NFL Europa confirmed that Chambers would undergo a vigorous drug testing regime with the Hamburg Sea Devils.[106] Chambers' new career was brought to a standstill when a stress fracture injury on his right foot ruled him out for the season.[107] The situation worsened further when the NFL closed the European league on 29 June 2007 leaving Chambers jobless.[108] He returned as a TV personality on reality television show Cirque de Celebrité in October but was unpopular with the public and subsequently voted off.[109][110]

Athletics pariah

Following the collapse of the NFL Europa franchise, Chambers made a second return to athletics in early 2008. Competing in the 60 metres indoor final at the Birmingham Games on 3 February 2008, he finished in 6.60 seconds - a new meeting record - and comfortably inside the 6.90 seconds standard for the UK trials for the 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships event.[111] Despite opposition from UK Athletics, in which chief executive Niels de Vos initially banned Chambers from competing in the trials, the IAAF overruled the decision allowing Chambers to compete.[112] He went on to win the UK trials in Sheffield and was selected to run in the World Indoor Championships the following month in Valencia.[113] However UK Athletics stated that the decision to permit Chambers to run was done under duress, expressing their preference to send young talented athletes to Beijing in the place of the drug-tainted Chambers.[114]

Competing for Great Britain in Valencia, Spain at the World Indoor Championships on 7 March 2008, Chambers won a silver medal and recorded a new personal best time over 60 metres of 6.54 seconds and finished second behind Olusoji Fasuba from Nigeria.[111][115] Despite the result, Chambers continued to encounter extensive criticism within athletics and refusals by promoters to invite him to key athletics events in the season ahead.[116] He also suffered financially as philanthropist Eddie Kulukundis, who had supported Chambers earlier in his career, had turned his back on the sprinter.[117][118] His poor financial state was compounded by the fact that he remained banned for life by the British Olympic Association (BOA), preventing him from competing in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

Chambers tried to fashion himself as a living example of the dangers of drugs, sporting a t-shirt in Valencia with an anti-drugs slogan of "Just Say No!".[119] Chambers expressed regret about previous comments suggesting that drug use was necessary to reach the upper echelons of athletics and set about presenting himself as a changed, clean athlete — devoid of the bravado that had marked his earlier career.[120] Chambers' reinvention was met with a mixed reaction and the acceptance of a convicted drug user in athletics was not palatable to some.[121][122] Dame Kelly Holmes and parts of the British press called for Chambers to retire from the Great Britain athletics team.[123][124]

Rugby League

Chambers' return to athletics took an unusual turn when he confirmed on 31 March 2008 that he had joined English rugby league team Castleford Tigers on trial,[125][126] a move which surprised and angered in equal measure given the fact he had never played the sport before.[127][128][129] The Rugby Football League did not object to the move despite his drug-damaged reputation,[130] but stated much improvement was needed prior to any appearance for Castleford in the European Super League.[131][132] In spite of his change of sport, Chambers continued to express a desire to compete in the Beijing Olympic Games at a press conference regarding his rugby career.[133] Chambers officially registered as a player with the Rugby Football League,[134] with Martin Offiah prepared to mentor Chambers.[135] He completed training with the Castleford Tigers first-team squad and made his debut in a reserve game against York City Knights.[136] However, Chambers' tentative exploits into rugby league proved short-lived as shortly afterwards it was announced that Castleford would not offer him a contract.[137][138]

High Court appeal

Chambers (centre) in the 2008 Olympic Trials in Birmingham

On 16 May 2008 Chambers announced that he was appealing for the removal of his Olympic ban at the High Court of Justice.[139] In the period building up to the appeal, Chambers returned to 100 metres sprinting. In his first 100 metres race since August 2006, Chambers won with a time of 10.26 seconds at Papaflessia in Kalamata, Greece on 4 June 2008.[140][141][142] Chambers then ran 10.28 seconds in the Alexander Stadium, Birmingham on 8 June 2008 and 10.24 seconds a week later in the Southern Counties Championships.[143][144] All three times fell short of the 10.21 seconds Olympic 'A' Standard and failed to separate him from other British contenders.[145] Following these events Chambers' performance vastly improved however, registering 10.14 seconds in heats and 10.06 seconds in the final of Germany's Biberach meeting and 10.00 seconds in the British 100 metres National Championships and Olympic Trials on 12 July 2008.[146][147] The latter was the winning qualification time amongst the British sprinters, easily fell within the Olympic 'A' standard, and also made Chambers top of the British rankings.[147] In spite of this he remained a controversial figure and, though widely condemned by his peers, public opinion was split.[148]

It is a matter of regret that Dwain Chambers, an athlete with such undoubted talent...should by his own actions put himself out of the running to shine on the Olympic stage in Beijing.[149]

Lord Moynihan, chairman of the BOA, on Chambers' Olympic ban

In spite of a return to form, on 18 July 2008 it was announced that Chambers' bid to temporarily overturn his Olympic ban had failed. Mr. Justice Mackay of the High Court of Justice upheld the BOA ban and stated that a right to work was not sufficient reason to remove it. Lord Moynihan, chairman of the BOA, conveyed his satisfaction with the outcome, stating that those found to be abusing drugs did not deserve to represent Great Britain at the Olympics. However, he lamented that a sprinter of Chambers' calibre had in effect excluded himself from the competition.[149] The judgement cast doubt on future Olympic performances as it caused Chambers to miss the 2008 Beijing Olympics.[150] Chambers still has the opportunity to have a full hearing to appeal the ban in March 2009 but whether he will choose to do so has not been revealed.[151]


Despite his age being prohibitive factor, Chambers set his sights on an appearance in the 2012 London Olympics.[152] Following the outcome of the court appeal, he denied any intention to retire and said that he wanted to prove that he could perform without the use of drugs. Regarding the London Olympic Games he stated that competing was his main goal and any medal wins would be a bonus.[153] These intentions were met with hostility in some quarters however, with Lord Moynihan claiming that Chambers would sully the reputation of both the Great Britain athletics team and the London Olympics if he competed.[154] On 8 August 2008 it was announced that Chambers had signed a deal to write an autobiography covering athletics, his drug history and his personal life.[155]

Personal life

Dwain Anthony Chambers was born on 5 April 1978 in Islington, London and is of Afro-Caribbean descent.[156][157][158] Chambers met his partner Leonie Daley, a civil servant, at the Miss Jamaica UK competition.[159][160] Together they have one child: a boy named Skye who was born in September 2005.[161] Chambers keeps a selection of cuttings about his fall from grace and the BALCO scandal in order to show his son the risks of drug abuse when he is older.[90]

Achievements

Chambers' performances at tournaments in the 100 metres event make him one of the fastest European sprinters in the history of recorded athletics. As of August 2008, his personal best of 9.97 seconds set at the 1999 Seville World Championships places him as the third fastest European in the 100 metres. The faster European sprinters are, Nigerian born, Francis Obikwelu with his European record of 9.86 seconds and Linford Christie with a former European record and current British record of 9.87 seconds.[2][162]

Chambers' annulled 9.87 seconds finish at the Paris Grand Prix in 2002 would have made him joint fastest British 100 metres sprinter with Christie and the joint second fastest European in the event.[2][x 1] However, these times lag behind those of his North American counterparts. Track rival Maurice Greene's personal best of 9.79 seconds far outstrips that of Chambers. The times set by Tyson Gay (9.77 seconds), Asafa Powell (9.74 seconds) and Usain Bolt (9.69 seconds) also overwhelm his personal best.[2]

Amongst his British contemporaries Chambers ranks top with two 9.97 seconds finishes; the first in 1999 in Seville, Spain and the second in 2001 in Edmonton, Canada. Compatriot Mark Lewis Francis also scored a personal best of 9.97 seconds at the Edmonton World Championships. Great Britain team-mate Jason Gardener's personal best of 9.98 seconds falls just short of Chambers'. As of 2008, none of his British contemporaries have broken the ten second barrier on more than one occasion; Chambers has done so four times.[2]

Chambers shares the British and European records for the 4x100 metres relay with Gardener, Darren Campbell and Marlon Devonish with their 37.73 seconds finish at the 1999 Seville World Championships.[162][163] It is also the fastest time recorded by a team outside of the IAAF's North, Central American and Caribbean category.[164]

Personal bests

Date Event Venue Time
13 February 2000 50 metres Liévin, France 5.69 seconds
7 March 2008 60 metres Valencia, Spain 6.54 seconds
22 August, 1999 100 metres Seville, Spain 9.97 seconds (+0.2 m/s wind)
22 July, 2001 200 metres London, England 20.31 seconds (-0.6 m/s wind)
  • Please note: Excludes times nullified due to Chambers' positive drugs tests and subsequent ban — All information taken from IAAF profile.[1]

Competition record

Year Tournament Venue Result Event
1998 1998 European Championships Budapest, Hungary 2nd[9] 100 metres
1998 IAAF World Cup Johannesburg, South Africa 3rd[10] 100 metres
1999 European Cup Paris, France 1st[1] 100 metres
1999 IAAF World Championships Seville, Spain 3rd[13] 100 metres
1999 IAAF World Championships Seville, Spain 2nd[13] 4x100 metres relay
2000 27th Olympics Games Sydney, Australia 4th[20] 100 metres
2001 IAAF World Championships Edmonton, Alberta 4th†[32] 100 metres
2001 IAAF World Championships Edmonton, Alberta 5th[32] 200 metres
2001 Goodwill Games Brisbane, Australia 1st[36] 100 metres
2006 British Grand Prix Gateshead, England 3rd[85] 100 metres
2006 European Championships Gothenburg, Sweden 5th[93] 100 metres
2006 European Championships Gothenburg, Sweden 1st[93] 4x100 metres relay
2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships Valencia, Spain 2nd[111] 60 metres
  • †Amended from 5th after Tim Montgomery tested positive for banned substances
  • Please note: Excludes results nullified due to Chambers' positive drugs tests and subsequent ban.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q All results, times, personal bests, records, medals or other achievements flagged with an "x" label were nullified from the record by the IAAF as they were achieved while Chambers was using banned substances.

References

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  3. ^ "English Schools Championships (Girls) - 100 Metres". gbrathletics.com. Retrieved 2008-07-24.
  4. ^ a b Turnbull, Simon (2003-08-17). "The Interview Dwain Chambers: Black ribbon and gold hope drive on the Dwain journey Britain's leading sprinter is far from the preening egotistic stereotype". The Independent on Sunday. Retrieved 2008-07-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  5. ^ a b c d Knight, Tom (2004-02-24). "'Little Linford' grew up to captain Britain". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-07-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  6. ^ "English Schools Championships (Boys)". gbratheletics.com. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Dwain Chambers factfile". The Independent. 2008-07-18. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  8. ^ "European Junior Championships". gbrathletics.com. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
  9. ^ a b "Arron Smashes 100-Meter Record". The New York Times. 1998-08-20. Retrieved 2008-07-23. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  10. ^ a b "Official Results - 100 Metres Men - Final". IAAF.org. 1998-09-11. Retrieved 2008-07-23. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  11. ^ a b c Turnbull, Simon (2000-08-27). "Athletics: The Interview - Dwain Chambers: Gatecrasher at the Greene". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-07-23. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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  14. ^ "Official Results - 4 X 100 Metres - Men - Final". IAAF.org. 1999-08-29. Retrieved 2008-07-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ "Maurice Greene IAAF profile". IAAF.org. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
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  24. ^ Please note: This was the fastest time recorded over 100 metres by a British sprinter in Britain that did not have an assisting wind over the international restriction of +2.0 m/s
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  32. ^ a b c "Official Results - 100 Metres - Men - Final". IAAF.org. 2001-08-05. Retrieved 2008-07-27. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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  141. ^ "Chambers wins ahead of ban appeal". BBC Sport. 2008-06-04. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  142. ^ Kalyviotis, Giannis. "Papaflessia - Kalamata 2008". "Kalamata Athletics Association" (AFDK). Retrieved 2008-07-18.
  143. ^ Broadbent, Rick (2008-06-09). "Dwain Chambers' road to Beijing grows longer". The Times. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  144. ^ "Chambers fails in new Olympic bid". BBC Sport. 2008-06-15. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  145. ^ "Chambers misses Olympic standard". BBC Sport. 2008-06-08. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  146. ^ "Chambers well inside Olympic mark". BBC Sport. 2008-06-28. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  147. ^ a b "National Championships and Olympic Trials". BBC Sport. 2008-07-12. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  148. ^ Broadbent, Rick (2008-06-30). "Should Dwain Chambers be banned from the Olympics?". The Times. Retrieved 2008-08-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  149. ^ a b "Dwain Chambers fails in bid to compete at Olympics". The Times. 2008-07-18. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  150. ^ Howard, Stephen (2008-07-19). "Drugs cheat Dwain Chambers misses out on Beijing Olympics after court failure". The Daily Record. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  151. ^ "Chambers loses Olympic ban case". BBC Sport. 2008-07-18. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  152. ^ "Chambers sets London 2012 target". BBC Sport. 2008-07-19. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  153. ^ "Sprinter Dwain Chambers won't retire despite court loss". The Los Angeles Times. 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  154. ^ Knight, Tom (2008-07-30). "Olympics: Dwain Chambers 'would taint London Games'". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  155. ^ "Cover Stories: Dwain Chambers' autobiography; Itchy Coo; Amazon;". The Independent. 2008-08-08. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  156. ^ "Chambers lays down the law - now a judge must decide if drug cheat Dwain can take his place at Beijing Olympics". Daily Mail. 2008-07-12. Retrieved 2008-07-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  157. ^ "Dwain Chambers Profile". BBC Sport. 2004-02-24. Retrieved 2008-07-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  158. ^ Cooke, Rachel (2002-07-07). "New kid on the blocks". The Observer. Retrieved 2008-07-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  159. ^ Wilson, Neil (2006-06-28). "Returning Dwain to show Skye his limits". The Daily Mail. Retrieved 2008-08-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  160. ^ Gallagher, Brendan (2008-03-05). "Dwain Chambers: I almost wrecked my life". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-07-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  161. ^ Mackay, Duncan (2008-03-09). "Coming Clean". The Observer. Retrieved 2008-07-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  162. ^ a b "United Kingdom National Records and Best Performances". gbrathletics. 2006-12-31. Retrieved 2008-08-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  163. ^ "Men's 4x100 metres relay world records". IAAF. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  164. ^ "4x100 Metres Relay All Time". IAAF. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
Template:S-awards
Preceded by Men's European Athlete of the Year
2002 		Succeeded by


Template:Persondata

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