Barbaro family
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Glorification_of_the_barbaro.jpg/350px-Glorification_of_the_barbaro.jpg)
The Barbaro family, a patrician family of Venice, is a noble House of Italy. Various members were noted as church leaders, diplomats, patrons of the arts, military commanders, philosophers, scholars, and scientists.[1][2]
History
The Barbaro family is recorded as having descended from a Roman consular line of the gens "Catellia', which fled to Istria to avoid persecution during the reign of Emperor Diocletian.[3] They then moved from Pula to Trieste in 706 and then to Venice in 868.[4] Much of the Barbaro family's wealth originally came from the salt trade.[5]
Johannes Barbaro, a presbyter, paid for the Church of San Zorzi to be built in 982. He is one of the earliest members of the Barbaro family that we have a historical record of,[6] but an Antonio Barbaro was Procurator of San Marco in 968.[7] Typically, recorded genealogies of the family begin in 1121 with Marco Barbaro, naval commander and creator of the family's current coat of arms.[8]
The Barbaro family became members of the Patrician class by decision of the Maggior Consiglio (Senate of Venice), additional lines of the House were added in 992 by special privilege and the family was in attendendance at the Serrata of 1297 when decisions were made to expand the patriciate.[9] The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia confirmed the family status as Patricians as part of a series of resolutions issued after the Congress of Vienna from 1818-1821.[10] This status was officially recorded again in Venice in 1891 for all members of the family.[11] At the same time, a Benedetto Barbaro was recognized as a Count, with the right to pass that title on to his male heirs.[12] One branch of the family moved to Malta, where they were awarded the titles of Signore di Pietramala (1270), Barone di Latronico (1530), Marchese di San Giorgio (1778), and Nobile di Malta (1878).[13]
The family fortunes of the members at San Vidal diminished after Napoleon's defeat of Venice, and they had to turn most of the Palazzi Barbaro into apartments.[14] By the time art critic John Ruskin visited Venice in 1851, all that was left of the once powerful San Vidal branch were a pair of elderly brothers living in poverty in the garret of the Palazzo Barbaro.[15]
Ruskin wrote that the poverty of these members was justice for the family having rebuilt the Church of Santa Maria Zobenigo as a monument to themselves, which Ruskin called “a manifestation of insolent atheism”.[16] The last of the San Vidal line died in the mid-nineteenth century.[17]
Some branches of the family survived outside Venice, including in Malta, but there were also branches in Galacia and other parts of Italy. The House of Barbaro also held foreign titles, such as the Germanic Counts von Zimmermann. The Barbaro family was also awarded the title of Nobile or Nobile Uomo on the terra firma. [18]
Family Arms
![The Barbaro coat of arms](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coa_fam_ITA_barbaro.jpg/150px-Coa_fam_ITA_barbaro.jpg)
There is disagreement over the form of the ancient Barbaro coat of arms. d'Eschavannes identifies it as D'azur, à trois roses d'or, a blue field with three gold roses.[19] Rietstap identifies it as D'or, à deux bandes d'azur, accompagne de deux roses du même, a gold field with two bands of blue between two roses of the same color.[20]
The modern Barbaro coat of arms was D'argent, au cyclamore de gueules, a red ring on a white field.[21][22][23]
The modern Barbaro family arms were officially recognized the Venetian Senate in 1125 in remembrance of Marco Barbaro cutting off the hand of a Moor during a naval action near Ascalon and using the bleeding stump to draw a circle onto a streched-out turban- which he flew as a pennant from his masthead. [24][25][26][27][28]
In 1432, Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor granted Ambassador Francesco Barbaro the title of Knight of the Holy Roman Empire and the right to frame his arms with the Imperial Eagle.[29] In 1560, Queen Elizabeth I of England granted Ambassador Daniele Barbaro right to use the Tudor Rose in his personal arms.[30]
Notable members
Famous members included the brothers Daniele Barbaro and Marcantonio Barbaro, who were patrons of the architect Andrea Palladio and the painter Paolo Veronese.[31]. Barbaro-family members acted as deans and professors of the University of Padua. Several members were also Patriarchs of Aquileia.[32][33]
- Johannes Barbaro (c.982) Presbyter at the Church of San Zorzi.[35]
- Marco Barbaro (c.1121) Proveditore d'Armata, Naval victor against the forces of the Sultan of Egypt, creator of the modern Barbaro coat of arms.[36] The Barbaro family arms were officially recognized in 1123 by the Venetian Senate.[37] A painting of the victory by Sante Peranda hung in the Palazzo Ducale of Venice.[38]
- Marco Barbaro (c.1229) Son of Pietro, cavalry Captain in forces that defeated Ezzelino III da Romano tyrant of Padua[39]
- Donato Barbaro (c.1259) Son of Pietro, Captain of 40 galleys, defeated the Genoese and the forces of the Byzantine Emperor at the Island of Seven Wells (Isola dei Sette Pozzi).[40]
- Pietro Barbaro (c.1270) Son of Jacopo. Served in the cavalry of Charles of Anjou in the conquest of Naples. Recognized by Charles for his actions in the Battle of Benevento; appointed Signore of the Castle of Pietramala.[41]
- Nicolo Barbaro (c.1361) Son of Bertucci. Proveditore d'Armata, defeated the Genoese at Rhodes.[42]
- Donato Barbaro (c.1364) Son of Giovanni. Distinguished him self in the suppression of a rebellion in Candia[43]
- Giovanni Barbaro (c.1380) Son of Adamo. Proveditore of the army that fought against Padua.[45]
- Francesco Barbaro (c.1398) Son of Marco. One of the founders of the Congregazione dei Canonici Secolari (Secular Canons) of San Giorgio in Alga.[46]
- Francesco Barbaro (1398-1454) Son of Candiano. Honored for his defense of Brescia from 1432 to 1435 against the Milanese under Nicolo Piccinino.[48] A painting on this subject by Tintoretto, La difesa di Brescia, hung in the Palazzo Ducale of Venice. .[49] Ambassador to Emperor Sigismund of the Holy Roman Empire. Made Knight of the Holy Roman Empire in 1448. Elected Procurator of San Marco. Noted scholar with many works. Subject of a 1932 biography by Percy Gothein.[50]
- Almoro Barbaro (c.1403) Son of Adamo. Captain of a galley in the victory of Carlo Zeno against the Genoese.[51]
- Ermolao Barbaro (1410-1471/1474), Son of Francesco. Bishop of Treviso. Bishop of Verona. Governor of Perugia.[52]
- Pietro Barbaro (c.1413) Son of Donato. Ambassador to the Duke of Savoy.[53]
- Giosafat Barbaro (1420-1494) Son of Jacopo. Wrote about his travels to Tartary and Persia. Proveditore of the Army in Albania fighting with Skanderbeg against the Turks. First Venetian ambassador to Persia.[54]
- Nicolo Barbaro. (1420-1494) Son of Marco. Wrote an eyewitness account of the Fall of Constantinople.[55]
- Vittore Barbaro (c.1426) Son of Maffio. Proveditore of the Army against Milan.[57]
- Matteo Barbaro, son of Antonio was rector of Nauplia and Argos from 1438 to 1441[58] and Bailo and Captain of Negroponte (the Greek island of Euboea, from 1444 to 1446.[59]
- Ermolao Barbaro (c.1448) Son of Candiano. Ambassador to the Duke of Burgundy.[60]
- Donato Barbaro, son of Andréa, was Castellan and Proveditore of Modon in 1455.[61]
- Ermolao Barbaro (1455-1497) Son of Zaccaria. Ambassador to Maximillian, King of the Romans. Patriarch of Aquileia 1491-1493[62]
- Jacopo Barbaro, son of Maffio was proveditore of Lepanto.from 1468 to 1472.[64]
- Antonio Barbaro. (c.1470) Son of Matteo. Governor of Scutari. Sustained a long siege against the Turks.[65]
- Alvise Barbaro. (c.1470) Son of Zaccaria. Proveditore of the Army, died in the War of Ferrara.[66]
- Zaccaria Barbaro (c.1479) Son of Matteo. Captain against the Turks. Proveditore General of Cyprus. .[68]
- Zaccaria Barbaro. (c.1492) Son of Francesco. Ambassador to the Courts of Naples and Milan. Procurator of San Marco. Purchased the Palazzo Barbaro in San Vitale on the Grand Canal which remained in the family's possession until 1864.[69]
- Giovanni Barbaro. (c.1508) Ambassador to Pope Julius II.[70]
- Marco Barbaro. (1511-1570) Son of Marco. Genealogist of the families of Venice. His work is preserved in the British Museum in London.[71]
- Daniele Barbaro (1513- 1570) Son of Francesco. Mathematician, philosopher, and theologian. Owner of Villa Barbaro. Founded the Botanical Gardens of Padua. Served on the Council of Trent. Patriarch of Aquileia 1550-1570. Ambassador to England. Allowed by Queen Elizabeth to quarter the red and white Tudor roses in his arms. Historian of Venice. Patron of Paolo Veronese. A portrait of him by Veronese hangs in the Pitti Gallery of Florence, another in the Dresden Gallery, and one by Titian in the National Gallery of Canada.[74]
- Marcantonio Barbaro (1518-1595) Son of Francesco, Brother of Patriarch Daniele. Co-owner of Villa Barbaro Diplomat, ambassador to Charles IX of France. Bailo of Constantinople, imprisoned during the Battle of Lepanto. Procurator of San Marco. Inquisitor in Corfu. Regent of the University of Padua. President of the construction of the Rialto Bridge. A portrait by Paolo Veronese hung in the Belvedere Gallery in Vienna, but was returned to Italy after World War I. With his brother Daniele, built the Villa Barbaro in Maser (Treviso), with work by Palladio and Vittoria and frescoes by Veronese.[75] Subject of the work La vie d'un patricien de Venise au XVI siècle by French academic Charles Yriart in 1874 in Paris.[76]
- Francesco Barbaro. (c.1530) Son of Antonio. Bailo at Constantinople.[77]
- Francesco Barbaro (1546-1616) Son of Marc'Antonio. Ambassador to the Court of Savoy. Archbishop of Tiro. Patriarch of Aquileia. Shown celebrating a Provincial Synod in the choir of the Cathedral of Udine.[80]
- Cornelio Barbaro, son of Luigi, was Proveditore of Zante from 1547 to 1549.[81]
- Ermolao Barbaro.(1548-1622) son of Marc'Antonio. Ambassador to Pope Paul V , Archbishop of Tarsus, Patriarch of Aquileia.[82]
- Francesco Barbaro, son of Luigi, was Proveditore of Zante from 1552 to 1554.[83]
- Zaccaria Barbaro, son of Daniele, was Proveditore of Cefalonia from 1554 to 1556.[84]
- Giovanni Battista Barbaro. (c. 1560) Son of Francesco. Fought against the pirates of the Adriatic.[85]
- Antonio Barbaro (1565-1630) Son of Marc'Antonio. Proveditor general of the army against Uscocchi. Captain in the Battle of the Dardanelles. Captain of the Gulf.. Proveditore general of Dalmatia. Conquered Zara. There are statues of him, his brothers and sons in the Church of Santa Maria Zobenigo. Praised by Gabriele d'Annunzio during his declaration in Zara in 1918.[86]
- Nicolo Barbaro (c. 1569) Son of Bertucci. Captain in Largo de Garda, defended the Castle of Lazise against the troops of Georg von Frundsberg during the Sack of Rome. His arms are visible in the Palace dei Capitani de Malcesine.[87]
- Francesco Barbaro. (c.1569) Son of Alvise. Proveditore general in Dalmatia.[88]
- Francesco Barbaro - Bishop of Aquileia 1585-1593, Patriarch of Aquileia 1593-1616[89]
- Ermolao II Barbaro - Bishop of Aquileia 1596-1616, Patriarch of Aquileia 1616-1622[90]
- Luigi Barbaro, son of Giovanni, was Captain and Proveditore of Corfu from 1598 to 1600.[91]
- Marco Barbaro, son of Francesco, was Proveditore of Cefalonia from 1606 to 1609.[92]
- Cornelio Barbaro, son of Giovanni, was Castellan and Proveditore of Cerigo from 1612 to 1614.[93]
- Almoro Barbaro, son of Luigi, was Proveditore of Zante from 1615 to 1616.[94]
- Cornelio Barbaro, son of Zaccaria, was Proveditore of Zante from 1619 to 1620.[95]
- Giovanni Barbaro, son of Jacopo, was Proveditore of Zante in 1624.[96]
- Francesco Barbaro. (c.1632) Son of Orazio. Knight of Malta.[97]
- Sante Barbaro. (c.1668) Son of Alberto. Died victorious at Candia. Death is depicted in an album by Gatteri.[99]
- Luigi Barbaro, son of Pietro, was Proveditore of Zante from 1671 to 1674.[100]
- Antonio Barbaro (d. 1679), Venetian soldier and colonial official
- Almoro Barbaro. (1681-1758) Son of Alvise. Savior of Terraferma. Procurator of San Marco. Elected Doge of Venice, but refused the position.[101]
- Giorgio Barbaro, son of Alberto, was Rector of Tinos and Mykonos from 1684 to 1689 and[102] and again from 1696 to 1700.[103]
- Lorenzo Barbaro, son of Antonio, was Proveditore of Zarnata from 1711 to 1713.[104]
- Marino Barbaro, son of Gianfrancesco, was Proveditore of Vonizza from 1728 to 1730.[106]
- Giuseppe Barbaro, son of Alessandro was Castellan and Proveditore of Cerigo from 1737 to 1739.[107]
- Girolamo Bernardo Barbaro, son of Nicolo, was Proveditore of Vonizza from 1738 to 1740.[108]
- Marchio Barbaro, son of Alessandro, was Proveditore of Asso and Cefalonia from 1743 to 1745.[109]
- Angelo Barbaro, son of Agostino, was Proveditore of Santa Maura from 1784 to 1786.[111]
- Alessando Barbaro (1764-1839), Council of Ten member, Consigliere Aulico of the Supreme Tribunal, owner of Palazzo Dario[112]
- Benedetto Barbaro (c.1891) Son of Alessandro, grandson of Lorenzo, Count.[113]
Patronage
The Barbaro family was connected to several buildings within and around Venice, some of which include:
- The Palazzi Barbaro are located near the Ponte dell'Accademia. The first building dates from the 14th century. It belonged to Piero Spiera in the early 15th century, passing though several hands before being acquired by Zaccaria Barbaro, Procuratore of San Marco.[114] The other building was originally two stories and belonged to the Tagliapietra family. In the 16th century, they gave the Barbaro family permission to build on top. In 1524, the sister of the Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara was living at the Palazzi Barbaro. In 1797 the Palazzi belonged to Senator Zuanne Barbaro and were later purchased by Daniel Sargent Curtis. The buildings are also known as the Palazzo Barbaro-Curtis.[115]
- Another Palazzo Barbaro owned by a Daniele Barbaro and in 1797 by a Marco Barbaro.[116]
- Yet another Palazzo Barbaro, near the Palazzo Barbarigo. It was owned in 1661 by a Lorenzo Barbaro and in 1712 by a Francesco Antonio Barbaro, but had by 1740 it belonged to the Barbarigo family.[117]
- The Palazzo Dario was built about 1450 by Zuanne Dario. After the death of diplomat Giovanni Dario in 1494, his daughter inherited. She was married to Vincenzo Barbaro, the son of Giacomo Barbaro and owner of the neighboring Palazzo Barbaro.[118]
- Another Palazzo Barbaro, now known as the Palazzo Barbaro-Volkoff or Barbaro-Wolkoff. This 14th century Gothic palace was owned by an Antonio Barbaro in 1797. Eleonora Duse later lived there.[119]
- rebuilding the Rialto Bridge.
- creating a Barbaro-family chapel within San Francesco della Vigna.
- The church of Santa Maria Zobenigo, also known as the Santa Maria de Giglio was built around 900 by the Zubenigo family, who died out in 1124. It was rebuilt between 1680 and 1700 by Guiseppe Sardi. The rebuilding was funded by the Barbaro family and the churh contains statues of four members of the family. The façade shows plans for Rome, Corfu, Padua, Candia,Spalatro, and Pavia.[120]
- creating Villa Barbaro.
References
- ^ “The City of Falling Angels, John Berendt, Penguin Books, 2006, pg.150 [1], ISBN 1-59420-058-0
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [2]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 274 [3]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 274 [4]
- ^ Palazzo Barbaro-Curtis website.
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 274 [5]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 346 [6]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [7]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [8]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [9]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [10]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [11]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [12]
- ^ “The City of Falling Angels, John Berendt, Penguin Books, 2006, pg.150 [13], ISBN 1594200580
- ^ “Views of Venice”, Antonio Canaletto, Antonio Visentini, J. G. Links, Dover Publications, 1971, pg. 20 [14], ISBN 0486226271
- ^ “Views of Venice”, Antonio Canaletto, Antonio Visentini, J. G. Links, Dover Publications, 1971, pg. 78 [15], ISBN 0486226271
- ^ “The City of Falling Angels, John Berendt, Penguin Books, 2006, pg.150 [16], ISBN 1594200580
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [17]
- ^ “Armorial universel, pre´ce´de´ d'un traite´ complet de la science du blason, et suivi d'un Supple´ment :”, Jouffroy d'Eschavannes, Paris : L. Curmer, 1845-1848, pg. 53 [18]
- ^ ""Armorial de J.B. RIETSTAP"". Retrieved 2007-10-07.
- ^ ”Armorial général: précédé d'un Dictionnaire des termes du blason, Volume 1”, Johannes Baptist Rietstap, 1884, pg. 1 [19]
- ^ “Armorial universel, pre´ce´de´ d'un traite´ complet de la science du blason, et suivi d'un Supple´ment :”, Jouffroy d'Eschavannes, Paris : L. Curmer, 1845-1848, pg. 53 [20]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 503 [21]
- ^ “Una famiglia veneziana nella storia: i Barbaro”, Michela Marangoni, Manlio Pastore Stocchi, Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, 1996, pg. 135 [22], ISBN 88-86166-34-6
- ^ “Venice”, Augustus John Cuthbert Hare, Ballantyne Press, 1896, pg. 149
- ^ “Delle inscrizioni veneziane, Volume 4”, Emmanuele Antonio Cicogna, Fonni, 1969, pg. 520 [23]
- ^ “A literary companion to Venice”, Ian Littlewood, Ballantyne Press, 1995, pg. 150 [24]
- ^ “Guida per la città di Venezia all'amico delle belle arti, Volume”, Giannantonio Moschini, Giovanni Antonio Moschini, Tip. di Alvisopoli, 1815, pg. 468 [25]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [26]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [27]
- ^ Hobson, Anthony, "Villa Barbaro", in Great Houses of Europe, ed. Sacheverell Sitwell (London: Weidenfeld, 1961), pp. 89-97. ISBN 0-600-33843-6
- ^ ""The Patriarchate of Aquileia"". Retrieved 2007-10-07.
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [28]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 346 [29]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 274 [30]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [31]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [32]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [33]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [34]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [35]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [36]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [37]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [38]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [39]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [40]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [41]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 380 [42]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [43]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [44]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [45]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [46]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [47]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [48]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [49]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [50]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [51]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [52]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 383 [53]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 372 [http://books.google.com/books?id=u60FAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA372&dq
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [54]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 380 [55]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [56]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 372 [57]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 392 [58]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [59]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [60]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 384 [61]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [62]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [63]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [64]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [65]
- ^ “Chroniques xxxgre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 384 [66]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 384 [67]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [68]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [69]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [70]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [71]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [72]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 384 [73]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [74]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 407 [75]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [76]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 407 [77]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 399 [78]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [79]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [80]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [81]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 276 [82]
- ^ ""The Patriarchate of Aquileia"". Retrieved 2007-10-07.
- ^ ""The Patriarchate of Aquileia"". Retrieved 2007-10-07.
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 397 [83]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 400 [84]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 412 [85]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 408 [86]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 408 [87]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 408 [88]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [89]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 395 [90]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [91]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 408 [92]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [93]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 375 [94]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 376 [95]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 390 [96]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 395 [97]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 406 [98]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 413 [99]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 406 [100]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 403 [101]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 396 [102]
- ^ “Chroniques gre´co-romanes ine´dites ou peu connues, pub. avec notes et tables ge´ne´alogiques”, Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf, Weidmann, 1873, pg. 404 [103]
- ^ "Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7", Vittorio Spretti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 277 [[104]]
- ^ “Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana, Volume 7”, Vittorio Spreti, Arnaldo Forni, 1981, pg. 275 [105]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 278 [106]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 282 [107]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 58 [108]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 298 [109]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 329 [110]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 330 [111]
- ^ “ Venice on foot, with the itinerary of the Grand Canal and several direct routes to useful places”, Hugh A Douglas, C. Scribner's Sons, 1907, pg. 54 [112]