List of idiophones by Hornbostel–Sachs number
The Hornbostel-Sachs system of musical instrument classification defines idiophones as all instruments in which sound is produced primarily by way of the instrument itself vibrating without the use of membranes or strings.
Idiophones (1)
Struck idiophones (11)
Idiophones set in motion by a percussion action - hitting, shaking, or scraping.
Directly struck idiophones (111)
111.1 Concussion Idiophones or clappers
111.11 Concussion sticks or stick clappers
111.12 Concussion plaques or plaque clappers
111.13 Concussion troughs or trough clappers
111.14 Concussion vessels or vessel clappers
111.141 Castanets - Natural and hollowed-out vessel clappers
- Castanets
- Krap
111.142 Cymbals - Vessel clappers with manufactured rim
- Chap
- Ching
- Cymbals, in pairs
- Clash Cymbals in pairs
111.2 Percussion Idiophones
111.21 Percussion sticks or bars
111.211 Individual percussion sticks
111.212 Sets of percussion sticks in a range of different pitches combined into one instrument. - All xylophones, as long as their sounding components are not in two different planes.
- Balafon
- Gandingan a kayo
- Glasschord
- Glass Marimba
- Kulintang a kayo
- Luntang or kwintangan kayo
- Marimba
- Marimbaphone (also bowed)
- Xylophone
- Xylorimba
111.22 Percussion plaques
111.221 Individual percussion plaques
111.222 Sets of percussion plaques
111.23 Percussion tubes
111.231 Individual percussion tubes.
- Agung a tamlang
- Alimba
- Huari
- Huiringua
- Kagul
- Krin or Kolokolos
- Mondo
- Mukoko
- Slit drum
- Teponaztli
- Tubular Wood block
111.232 Sets of percussion tubes.
111.24 Percussion vessels.
- Boungu
- Chuk
- [Cymbal]]s
- Hank drum
- Hang
- Kagul or tagutok
- Slit drums:
- Slit gong
- Steelpan or steel drum
- Udu (also an aerophone)
- Wood block
111.241 Gongs - The vibration is strongest near the vertex.
111.241.1 Individual gongs.
111.241.2 Sets of gongs.
111.242 Bells - The vibration is weakest near the vertex.
111.242.1 Individual bells
111.242.11 Resting bells whose opening faces upward.
111.242.12 Hanging bells suspended from the apex.
111.242.121 Hanging bells without internal strikers.
111.242.122 Hanging bells with internal strikers.
111.242.2 Sets of bells or chimes.
111.242.11 Sets of resting bells whose opening faces upward.
111.242.12 Sets of hanging bells suspended from the apex.
111.242.121 Sets of hanging bells without internal strikers.
111.242.122 Sets of hanging bells with internal strikers.
Indirectly struck idiophones (112)
- 112.1 Shaken
- Flexatone
- Hosho
- Jingle bells
- Maracas
- Rainstick
- Tambourine (the membrane also makes this an membranophone)
- Vibraslap
- 112.2 Scraped
Plucked idiophones (12)
Instruments set into vibration by the plucking of strings.
In the form of a frame (121)
In the form of a comb (122)
- Kalimba
- Marímbula
- Mbira (sansa)
- Musical box (music box)
Friction idiophones (13)
Instruments set into vibration by rubbing.
Friction sticks (131)
Friction plaques (132)
Friction vessels (133)
Blown idiophones (14)
Instruments set into vibration by blowing or moving air.
Blown sticks (141)
Blown plaques (142)
Unclassified idiophones (15)
Idiophones not allocated a number in the Hornbostel-Sachs system.
- Wobble board, a directly flexed idiophone