Byahoml

Бягомль
Бегомль
Biahoml
Begoml
Бягомль; Бегомль; Biahoml; Begoml
	Flag
Country	Belarus
Province	Vitsebsk province
District	Dokshitsy district
Founded	1582
Government
• chairman	Mihajlovsky Valery
Population (2008)
• Total	3,059
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Area code(s)	+375 2157 3; +375 29 (mobile) +375 25 (mobile Best or Life) +375 33 (mobile MTS) +375 44 (mobile Velcom)
License plate	2

54°44′N 28°03′E / 54.733°N 28.050°E / 54.733; 28.050

Begoml (or Biahoml) (Belarusian: Бягомль) is an urban settlement in the Dokshitsy district, Vitsebsk Province, Belarus. Begoml is located on Highway М3 (Belarus) 100 km from Minsk (north), 157 km from Vitebsk (south) and 30 km from Dokshitsy (east). The settlement's population on January, 1st, 2008 was 3,059.

History

The first written record of Begoml (1582) mentions it as a village of an estate of Vaucha, a possession of the Vil'nya episcopacy, in the Minsk povet of Grand Duchy of Lithuania. By 1861 it had become the centre of the volost of the Barysau district. In 1886 — village in 43 court yard, volost management, church, school, hospital. Since 1924 — the centre of Begoml district, Since September, 27th 1938 — the status of urban settlement. Since 1960 in Dokshitsy district^[1].

At the time of the German-Soviet War Begoml, as well as all Begoml district, was occupied by the Wehrmacht. On July, 2nd, 1941, about 12.00 o'clock in the afternoon advanced elements of 39th tank case of 3rd tank group drove straight into the township. A Soviet partisan movement was formed and began to counterattack the fascists. It included 9 partisan brigades and separate groups. Clearing the German forces by guerrilla operations in the zone continued up to arrival of the Red Army.

Begomlian guerrillas provided steady activity guerrilla airdrome (before war from it post planes flied up). Now the airdrome is not used and built up with apartment houses, and the word "Airdrome" serves as the name for this area of a housing estate. The history of Begoml has inspired many poets and writers.^[2]

On June 29, 2009 by the decree of the Belarusian President^[3] Begoml, among 21 other localities of the Republic of Belarus, has been awarded pennant "For the courage and resilience in years of the Great Patriotic War".

Heraldry

Recently projects^[4] to create the coat of arms of Begoml were submitted for approval. The winning project was created by author M.M.Elinskaja and painter V.A.Ljahor.

Economy and industry

In 1870 — 1874 the distillery is constructed. For this time Work SHF "Begomlsky" of Open Society "Vitebskdrev", the electronic industry enterprise (Republican unitary industrial enterprise "Begomlian factory" Vetraz"), is adjusted manufacture of building materials (Municipal unitary industrial enterprise «Dokshitsy industrial complex of building materials»), GLHU «Begoml timber enterprise»).

RUPP "Vetraz" (number of workers – 50 persons) produces incubators, condensers, Christmas-tree decorations and other kinds of products. Now an enterprise fixed capitaldn has deterioration of 97%.^{[clarification needed]} Because of absence the technology manufactures of condensers and consumer goods was not updated by investitsy^{[clarification needed]} that has led to noncompetitiveness in the market. As headquarters plant RUPP "Vetraz" - the republican unitary enterprise «Vitebsk factory of radio components "Monolith" tests the sharpest crisis, the attention to the question on transfer RUPP "Vetraz" to other headquarters plant is brought.

CUP «Dokshitsy industrial complex of building materials» (number of workers – 34 persons) made houses, saw-timbers, intaking boards, bed-clothes makes boards for building. Profitability of realised production has made negative size – "minus" of 11,7 %, deterioration of the process equipment has reached 89 %. Lately production volume of output at the enterprise has grown in 1,8 times at the expense of release development Bed linen from the improved kinds of textile.

Currently Begoml, as well as the other townships of Belarus, look for the creation of new workplaces, for starting new enterprises, and on the whole, for development of industry that would stop young peoples' outflow to bigger cities, The Program of Social and Economic Development of Township Begoml for 2006–2010 has been developed to facilitate this.,<.ref>"Program of social and economic development of township Begoml for 2006-2010".</ref> which is embodied in a life. The site of Highway М3 (Belarus), passing through Begoml, for the purpose of improvement of rendered roadside service is reconstructed. The branch on release of accessories for lifts RUP "Factory "Mogilyovliftmash" is planned to placing on a place of former "shooting range". There is begun building of a new telephone exchange in capacity to 1216 numbers. The many-storeyed house for requiring habitation is completed.

Sphere of services and rest

The Sanatorium "Borovoe"^[5] is located 3 kilometers away. Also in 12 km there is a house of the hunter "Begomlsky", offering visitors (5 places) for hunting and other kinds of productive leisure. One kilometre from Begoml, near to a gasoline station, there is motel "101 kilometre" for visitors of township, and also for the tourists passing on line М3.

On a place of the bakery which has gone bankrupt and taken down now a hotel complex with parking for truck transit, and also a hall with slot machines and other entertainment in the near future will be constructed.

Sanatorium "Borovoe"
Motel "101 kilometre"
Gasoline station
The gone bankrupt and destroyed bakery

Social sphere

Culture

The Museum of National Glory, the library, and also the Recreation Centre provide for the cultural needs of the inhabitants and visitors of Begoml. The museum is open at 9:00 every day, except Monday, except during dinner. The museum houses 17,383 exhibits, including 13,783 exhibits of a fixed capital and 3600 scientifically-auxiliary are. In the museum courtyard there is a special exhibit - an Ilyushin Il-14 plane, personifying the memory of the time and lives spent in the struggle against the fascist invaders. The plane was used earlier as a polar aircraft and was transferred to the Museum of National Glory of Begoml at the beginning of the 1990s in memory of the feat of the Begomlians who provided the guerrilla airdrome which had strategic value not only for the district, but also for Belarus. Also in memory of operating out of the airdrome on departure towards Dokshitsy is the monument to the Lithuanian pilot who was evacuating wounded people is established. The memorial tablet says: "Here in 1942-1944 the guerrilla airdrome through which communication with "Continent", from here the beginnings the fighting way group of organizers of guerrilla movement in Lithuania" was supported operated. The monument in 1967 was opened by Masherov, Peter Mironovich which in the speech has noted the considerable contribution of Begomlians in the general struggle against fascists, and also has told that in the future sees on a place garden-city Begoml under the name Partisansk (the city of partisanian glory).

Begomlian Museum of national glory
The plane Il-14 near the Museum of national glory
Monument to the Lithuanian pilot

Education

In Begoml is located general educational school (formation Establishment «Begomlian state general educational high school of Dokshitsy district»), Begomlian children's musical school, a kindergarten on 127 places, and also a boarding school for children-orphans (formation Official body «Begomlian auxiliary boarding school for children-orphans»).

Population

The majority of the population of Begoml are made by Belorussians.

Dynamics

Year	Population
1886	470
1924	781
1937	1 779
2004	3 000
2009	3 059

Sights

Industrial complex of distillery, Styop-stone, Akulinina's pine, Dead lake, Zhalniki, Barrows.

Begomlian church of all Saints

The Begomlian church of all Saints was constructed in the second half of 19th century in Russian style. A distillery was established in the church after the war. In the Soviet era the building was not restored and has gradually become unfit for use. The back wall is completely destroyed, and there is a considerable breach with a brick collapsein the right wall Actually in the present condition the church is not subject to restoration in spite of the fact that is the protected state^{[disambiguation needed]} a historical monument. In the collection "Christians temples of Belarus in photos by Yan Balzunkevich. The beginning of 19 centuries", printed in 2000, under the placed photo of a temple is written that the church has not remained. Probably, this phrase shortly becomes a reality as Begoml undertaken by believing people and the father of effort on preservation and church restoration have not led to any result, despite the fact that what church reconstruction is one of main problems of Dokshitsy district executive committee. Church services are spent in the former accident ward of Begomlian regional hospital.