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Adaptations of A Christmas Carol

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A Christmas Carol is a novella by Charles Dickens, one of the most famous books he ever wrote. It is the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, a greedy miser who hates Christmas, and how he is transformed into a caring, kindly person through the visitations of four ghosts. Since its first publication in 1843, it has been adapted many times: for theatre, film, television, radio, and opera.

Adaptations

Public readings

The novel was the subject of Dickens' first public reading, given in Birmingham Town Hall to the Industrial and Literary Institute on 27 December 1852. This was repeated three days later to an audience of 'working people', and was a great success by his own account and that of newspapers of the time. Over the years Dickens edited the piece down and adapted it for a listening, rather than reading, audience. Excerpts from 'A Christmas Carol' remained part of Dickens' public readings until his death.

Entertainer Mike Randall, in character as Dickens, has a touring show in which he performs the public readings as Dickens did during his lifetime.

Theatre

Throughout the late nineteenth century, and into the early years of the twentieth, British actor Seymour Hicks toured England with his own non-musical adaptation of the story, in which he played Scrooge.

  • A Christmas Carol (1974 to present), original musical-comedy stage adaptation written and directed by, and starring (as Scrooge) Ira David Wood III, which has been performed for the last 39 years on stage at Raleigh's Memorial Auditorium. Wood's "A Christmas Carol" is the longest running indoor show in North Carolina theatre history.[citation needed]
  • A Christmas Carol (1975 to present), a theatrical adaptation by Barbara Field produced by the Guthrie in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
  • A Christmas Carol (1976 to present), a musical adaptation by Charles Jones performed annually at the Omaha Community Playhouse in Omaha, Nebraska as well as two touring companies with the Nebraska Theatre Caravan.
  • A Christmas Carol (1977 to present), a theatrical adaptation performed annually at Theatre Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee.
  • A Christmas Carol (198? to present) has been staged annually in Atlanta, Georgia since the 1980s, first at the Academy Theatre, and then at the Alliance Theatre.[1]
  • A Christmas Carol (1981), a musical adaptation which premiered in 1982 at the Hartman Theatre, Stamford, Connecticut. The show was workshopped as a tour in 1981.
  • The Gospel According to Scrooge (1982), a stage musical emphasizing the religious elements of the story began at Jesus People Church in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1980; in 1981 it debuted at the Historic State Theater and was later made into a television special featuring actor Dean Jones as the host.
  • A Christmas Carol (1982 to present), a theatrical adaptation by Neal Radice performed annually by Alleyway Theatre, Buffalo, NY.
  • A Christmas Carol (1983), a theatrical adaptation by Jeffrey Sanzel has been performed annually at Theatre Three in Port Jefferson, New York for 28 years.
  • A Christmas Carol (1985), an adaptation by Bille Brown with music and staged by W. Stuart McDowell, was performed at the Symphony Space in New York City as a fundraiser for the Riverside Shakespeare Company, with narration by Helen Hayes, featuring Len Cariou as Scrooge, and MacIntyre Dixon, Celeste Holm, Raul Julia, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, Harold Scott, Carole Shelley, and Fritz Weaver, and the children's choir of the Anglo-American School. This script was restaged the following year at the Marriott Theatre on Broadway, produced by McDowell and directed by Robert Small, narrated by Ms. Hayes, featuring F. Murray Abraham as Scrooge, and Ossie Davis as Marley's Ghost, June Havoc, and Rex Smith as Bob Cratchit.
  • A Christmas Carol (1988), is an original musical adaptation which was written for The Chatham Players in Chatham, New Jersey by Phillip Wm. McKinley . The ensemble production features Charles Dickens as narrator. In 2008, the production celebrated its 20th anniversary; actor Alan Semok has portrayed Scrooge in the Chatham Production every production year since 1994.
  • A Christmas Carol (1988), Patrick Stewart's one-man reading/acting of the story, made its first appearance in London and later on Broadway. On stage he would use a table, chair, stool, lectern and a book with an over-sized print cover to enact the entire story. The production has been revived in London and New York several times. It has also been released on compact disc.[2]
  • The Scrooge Diary (Canada) (1990 to the present) (In the USA: Scrooge Tells All). Adaptation by Avril Kelly, performed by Welsh actor Phil Arnold, in a solo staged performance. Later performed on license only (two performances) by John Gray, late of RSC.
  • Scrooge!: A Dickens of a One-Man Show (1991), a theatrical adaptation one person show written by and starring Kevin Norberg portraying all 40-plus characters in a solo performance.
  • Scrooge: The Musical (1992), a British stage musical adapted from the 1970 film and starring Anthony Newley.
  • A Christmas Carol: The Musical (1994), a Broadway musical adaptation with music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Lynn Ahrens, ran at The Theatre at Madison Square Garden, New York City yearly until 2003. Starring as "Scrooge" were Walter Charles (1994), Terrence Mann (1995), Tony Randall (1996), Hal Linden and Roddy McDowell (alternating) (1997), Roger Daltrey (1998), Tony Roberts (1999), Frank Langella (2000), Tim Curry (2001), F. Murray Abraham (2002) and Jim Dale (2003). The 2004 television version of the musical starred Kelsey Grammer as "Scrooge".
  • A Christmas Carol (1996 to the present), a one-man show of the work performed by Gerald Charles Dickens, great-great-grandson of Charles Dickens, in which he plays 26 characters.
  • A Christmas Carol (1997), a musical adaptation with music by Steve Parsons and book/lyrics by John Popa was performed from 1997–2000 at The Players Guild Theatre in Canton, Ohio and is scheduled to be remounted in December 2009. This version spawned two cast recordings, one featuring the original cast and a 10th anniversary recording in 2008.
  • A Christmas Carol, written and performed by Greg Oliver Bodine, is a one-man stage adaptation enacted by Charles Dickens himself based on a condensed version of the novel that he used while on the second of his reading tours of the United States. First performed in 2003.
  • Steve Nallon's Christmas Carol (2003), theatrical adaptation starring impressionist Nallon as a number of famous people.
  • A Christmas Carol (2003), theatrical adaptation by Karen Louise Hebden produced by and performed at Derby Playhouse in 2003 and revived in 2006. On both occasions, Scrooge was played by Ben Roberts.
  • A Dickens' Christmas Carol (2003 to present), theatrical adaptation created specifically for Silver Dollar City in Branson, MO. Performed yearly, the 60-minute Broadway-style show is expected to be viewed by more than 1,000,000 people during the 2013 Christmas season.
  • A Christmas Carol: the Musical (2005), musical adaptation by Stephen DeCesare. Follows 99% of the original book and has had over 300 performances around the world. It starred Carl DeSimone as Scrooge, Scott Morency as "Marley" and Kim Kalunian as "Belle" from the Academy Players in East Greenwich, Rhode Island.
  • A Christmas Carol (2007), theatrical adaptation by Jacqueline Goldfinger produced by and performed at North Coast Repertory Theatre in San Diego. This adaptation has become North Coast Rep's annual Christmas show.
  • A Christmas Carol, adapted by Tom Haas, has been performed each year at the Indiana Repertory Theatre for more than 25 years. Set on a minimalist stage covered in snow, this adaptation features the characters narrating their own actions to the audience and intersperses carols and dance along with the visits of the ghosts.
  • A Christmas Carol, an adaptation by Adam Graham, first performed on 6 December 2007 by Performing Arts Winchester, part of Winchester Student Union. A one-hour version, it was performed twice a night for the holiday season.
  • A Christmas Carol, an adaptation by Ron Severdia, premiered on 6 December 2006 at the Barn Theatre in Ross, CA. In 2007, he toured Europe with a new adaptation of the show.[3]
  • A Christmas Carol (2003) a new stage adaptation by Scott Harrison which has been produced in both the UK and the US. Originally performed by The Dreaming Theatre Company in the Kirkgate Victorian street exhibition inside the York Castle Museum, it has also recently been performed across the United States by three separate theatre companies.[citation needed]
  • Fellow Passengers' (2004), a three-actor narrative theatre adaptation using nearly every word of the novel, first presented at Strawberry Theatre Workshop in Seattle.
  • 'A Christmas Carol - (2006), a stage adaptation by Jeannette Jaquish for the Firehouse Theater in Fort Wayne, Indiana, was performed Decembers of 2006, 2007 & 2009.
  • Scrooge! - (2006), a musical adaptation by Ken Skrzesz and Doug Yetter performed annually at the Clear Space Theatre Company in Rehoboth Beach, Delaware.
  • A Christmas Carol – As told by Jacob Marley (deceased) (2009/10); adapted and performed as a one-man show by James Hyland.
  • A Christmas Carol, a stage adaptation by Jason Carr and Bryony Lavery was written for the Chichester Youth Theatre and performed at The Chichester Festival Theatre during Christmas 2008. This adaptation was also performed by Birmingham Repertory Theatre for Christmas 2009.
  • A Christmas Carol, (2009) a stage adaptation written by Alexandria Haber and produced by Geordie Productions, premiering in December 2009 at the D.B. Clarke Theatre in Montreal, Quebec (Canada).
  • A Christmas Carol (2010), a new stage adaptation written by Jim Cook Jr. and produced by the Off Broad Street Players Theater Company in Bridgeton, New Jersey. Follows much of the original text of the novella with some character relationships explored. Premiered in November 2010.[4]
  • A Christmas Carol, (2010) a stage adaptation by The Pantaloons theatre company, touring England in Winter 2010.[5]
  • A Christmas Carol (2010–present), a new stage adaptation by Preston Lane, produced by Triad Stage in Greensboro, North Carolina. Premiered November 2010, starring Gordon Joseph Weiss as Ebenezer Scrooge.[6]
  • 3 Ghosts (2011), a steampunk inspired stage adaptation by PiPE DREAM Theatre, written by Collin Simon and Liz Muller. Premiered in December 2011 at the Beckett Theatre on Theatre Row.[7][8]
  • "A Christmas Carol", (2010) a musical stage adaptation by Bruce Greer and Keith Ferguson that premiered in Carrollton, Texas in December 2010.[9]

Film

Television

Replica tombstone from the 1984 adaptation, still in situ at St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury, 2008

Between 1944 and 1956, most television versions of the story were staged live.

None of the later versions were done live, but were either shot on videotape or filmed. They include:

Radio

  • Lionel Barrymore starred as Scrooge in a dramatization on the CBS Radio Network on December 25, 1934, beginning a tradition he would repeat on various network programs every Christmas through 1953. Only twice did he not play the role: in 1936, when his brother John Barrymore filled in because of the death of Lionel's wife, and again in 1938, when Orson Welles took the role because Barrymore had fallen ill.[21][22][23][24]
  • A 1940s adaptation starring Basil Rathbone as Scrooge was subsequently issued as a 3-record set by Columbia Records.[25]
  • On December 24, 1949, Favorite Story broadcast an adaptation with Ronald Colman both hosting and starring as Scrooge. This version used a script nearly identical to the one used in Ronald Colman's famous 1941 record album of the story, but a different supporting cast.
  • Alec Guinness starred as Scrooge in a BBC production from 1951, also broadcast in America, and repeated for several years afterward.
  • On December 24, 1953, Theatre Royal, also from the BBC, starred Laurence Olivier in his only recorded performance as Scrooge. This one was issued on CD in 1992.
  • Another BBC Radio production, broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 22 December 1990, starred Michael Gough as Scrooge and Freddie Jones as The Narrator. This production was subsequently re-broadcast on BBC Radio 7 and later on BBC Radio 4 Extra.[26]
  • Beginning in the 1980s, NPR has periodically broadcast a straightforward, faithful version read by comedian Jonathan Winters, in which he plays all the roles.
  • In 1995, Quicksilver Radio Theater broadcast a dramatization directed by Jay Stern and starring Craig Wichman as "Scrooge", Anthony Cinelli, John Prave, Ghislaine Nichols, Deborah Barta, Joseph Franchini, Jodi Botelho, Elizabeth Stull and Tony Scheinman.[27] The production was originally aired on Max Schmid's Radio Theater on WBAI, New York, NY on Christmas Eve 1995 and repeated Christmas Day 1995, and is currently syndicated on National Public Radio.[28] The program is currently part of the Theater Collection at the Paley Center for Media in New York.[29]
  • Focus on the Family Radio Theatre adapted the story in a 1996 production hosted by David Suchet, narrated by Timothy Bateson, and with Tenniel Evans as Scrooge. This production credits Noel Langley's screenplay for the 1951 film as well as Dickens' original book.
  • Paul Oakenfold's Urban Soundtracks (1999) included a remixed celebrity reading of the book, including sound effects and dance music in a version for UK dance radio stations
  • WBZ Newsradio 1030 in Boston adapted the play for its radio listeners in 1999.[citation needed] It starred now-retired morning news anchor Gary LaPierre as Ebeneezer Scrooge with members of the WBZ Newsradio staff (renamed the WBZ Radio Holiday Players) in various roles, including Carl Stevens as Scrooge's nephew Fred, Deb Lawlor as the Ghost of Christmas Past and New England Patriots play-by-play announcer Gil Santos as Marley's Ghost. WBZ radio producer Michael Coleman gave the prologue and played various characters in the play. It has been broadcast on WBZ every Christmas Eve since.
  • A Christmas Carol (2007), a theatrical audio version, written and directed by Arthur Yorinks from Night Kitchen Radio Theater, starring Peter Gerety, noted stage and film actor, as Scrooge. This faithful adaptation features a score by Edward Barnes and carols sung by members of the Frank Sinatra School of the Arts Concert Choir.
  • In 2008, David Jason recorded a 10 part abridged reading of A Christmas Carol for BBC Radio 4's Book at Bedtime.[30]
  • The Colonial Radio Theatre of Boston produced A Christmas Carol in 2004, and it has been broadcast yearly on Sirius XM Radio. It was released by Blackstone Audio in 2007. Brilliance Audio released the production on CD in 2010.

Recordings

  • In 1941, Ronald Colman portrayed Scrooge in a famous American Decca four-record 78-RPM album of "A Christmas Carol" with a full supporting cast of radio actors and a score by Victor Young.[31] This version proved extremely popular and was eventually transferred to LP, where it sold well into the 1960s. In 2005, it appeared on a Deutsche Grammophon compact disc, along with its companion piece on LP, Mr. Pickwick's Christmas, narrated by Charles Laughton. (The Pickwick recording had originally been made in 1944.) The Ronald Colman "A Christmas Carol" is slightly abbreviated on both the LP and the CD versions. On the LP, this was done to fit the entire production onto one side of a 12-inch 33 RPM record. With the greater time available it was hoped that the CD would have the complete recording, but Deutsche Grammophon used the shorter LP version.
  • In 1960, Dan O'Herlihy recorded the complete Dickens novel on a set of 4 16-RPM LP's, one of the few instances that this speed was used for a professional recording. This version was one of the first audiobooks ever made, and is now available on CD.[32] It was originally released on LP by a company called Audio Book Records, perhaps the first use of that term ever coined.[33]
  • Patrick Stewart has recorded his one-man dramatic reading of the story.[36]
  • Actor Jim Dale, heard on the unabridged recordings for the U.S. release of the Harry Potter books (for which he won two Grammy awards),[citation needed] in 2003 released an unabridged reading of "A Christmas Carol" with full characterizations of all the roles as part of the Random House Listening Library series.[37]

Opera

  • Mister Scrooge (1958–1959); alternative name: Shadows (Tiene), an opera by Slovak composer Ján Cikker.
  • A Christmas Carol (1978–1979), an opera by Thea Musgrave.[39]
  • The Passion of Scrooge (or A Christmas Carol) (1998), a chamber opera by Jon Deak for one baritone and chamber orchestra.

Graphic novel

  • Christmas Carol (2004), drawn by Dick Matena (ISBN 9789023416432)
  • A Christmas Carol: The Graphic Novel (2008), by Sean Michael Wilson and Mike Collins (ISBN 9781906332518). The graphic novel was chosen as one of the Top Ten Graphic Novels of the year by The Sunday Times.
  • Batman: Noel (2011), by Lee Bermejo (ISBN 9781401232139)

Parody

Pastiches, continuations, and other uses

The basic plot of A Christmas Carol has been put to a variety of different literary and dramatic uses since Dickens' death.

  • Timothy Cratchit's Christmas Carol, 1917: A Sequel to the Charles Dickens Classic (Dickens World, 1998) by Dale Powell. In this version, an elderly Tiny Tim is a wealthy immigrant living in America who experiences his own spiritual visitations on Christmas Eve.
  • On December 24, 1949, Richard Diamond, Private Detective adapted the story with characters from the series playing the Dickens characters in the style of the radio series and transplanting the story to New York City, with Dick Powell in character as "Richard Diamond" narrating the story.
  • On December 20, 1953, The Six Shooter broadcast "Britt Ponset's Christmas Carol", in which the title character Britt Ponset (James Stewart) tells a young boy who's running away from home a western version of A Christmas Carol, with Howard McNear playing the role of "Eben" (the Scrooge character).
  • Rod Serling's A Carol for Another Christmas (1964) was a United Nations special sponsored by Xerox.
  • Disney's A Christmas Carol (1972) is an audio musical recording with six original musical numbers, featuring various Disney characters playing the Dickens roles. It was adapted (without the songs) into the animated short Mickey's Christmas Carol in 1983.
  • An American Christmas Carol (1979), an adaptation starring Henry Winkler at the height of his fame from the television series Happy Days, where the story is set in Depression era New England, and the Scrooge character is named Benedict Slade.[40]
  • Skinflint: A Country Christmas Carol (1979), an American country music inspired TV film starring Hoyt Axton as Cyrus Flint.[41]
  • X-Mas Marks the Spot (1985), an episode of The Real Ghostbusters, where, on Christmas Eve, Peter Venkman, Ray Stanz, Egon Spangler, and Winston Zeddmore end up traveling back in time to England in 1837. There they unknowingly meet Scrooge and end up "busting" the Three Christmas Ghosts by accident. It is revealed that Peter's childhood was very similar to Scrooge's.
  • A Jetson Christmas Carol (1985) Episode sixty-five of The Jetsons animated television series. Spacely orders George to work overtime on Christmas Eve while Astro causes himself to be sick. Three spirits visit Spacely to convince him that Christmas is a time of giving.[42]
  • The Odd Couple: In the episode “Scrooge Gets an Oscar”, Felix and the other poker players become Dickens characters in a dream after Oscar refuses to be Scrooge in a children’s play.
  • Ebenezer Sanford, an episode of Sanford and Son in which Fred is a Scrooge-like miser. His family and friends try to get him to join into the Christmas spirit, but he rejects the attempts. Fred falls asleep and dreams he’s in “A Christmas Carol”.[43]
  • WKRP in Cincinnati: In the episode “Bah Humbug”, Mr. Carlson plans to give the staffers no Christmas bonuses. But after eating one of Johnny Fever’s "special" brownies, the ghosts of Christmas Past (Jennifer), Present (Venus) and Future (Johnny) visit him to show him the error of his ways.
  • Family Ties: In the episode “A Keaton Christmas Carol”, Alex finds the spirit of Christmas in a dream when he’s shown visions of the past and future by ghosts of Mallory and Jennifer.
  • A Different World: In the episode "For Whom the Jingle Bell Tolls," Whitley plays the Scrooge role over her mother's plans to visit the French Riviera for Christmas. She receives visits from the ghosts of Christmas Past (Mr. Gaines), Present (Walter) and Future (Jaleesa).
  • The Six Million Dollar Man: In the episode “A Bionic Christmas Carol”, when Steve Austin is sent to investigate problems with an OSI project contracted out to Budge Corp., he discovers the problem is that the corporation’s owner is a cheap miser. Steve then uses his bionic powers to emulate the Dickens classic and convince Budge to change his mind.
  • Alice: In the episode “Mel’s Christmas Carol”, On Christmas Eve, Mel is haunted by a former partner after he fires the waitresses.
  • A Christmas Carol II (1985), an episode of the TV series George Burns Comedy Week in which it's revealed that Scrooge is good-natured to a fault, and all of Camden Town takes advantage of his generosity. Scrooge is so giving of his fortune that the townspeople end up taking all his money. This prompts the spirits to return and make sure Scrooge reaches a median between his past and current behavior. (In the second alternate future, Scrooge has been buried in a pauper's grave, under a headstone marked "Ebenoozer Screege.")[44]
  • God Bless Us Every One (Methuen, 1985) by Andrew Angus Dalrymple. An Imagined Sequel to 'A Christmas Carol featuring all the major characters of the original, expanding upon the Cratchit children Tim and Belinda.
  • Scrooged (1988), a remake in a contemporary setting with Bill Murray being a misanthropic TV producer who is haunted by the ghosts of Christmas. Directed by Richard Donner.
  • A Little Miracle (1990) is an episode of the series Quantum Leap; the protagonist, Sam Beckett, who travels through time by leaping into the lives of others, becomes the valet of a Scrooge-like industrialist, showing the industrialist the error of his ways by reminding him of his past via photographs while taking him on a drive around his future planned development, culminating in his holographic partner from the future, Al Calavicci, showing the industrialist what will happen to him in the future as he poses as the Ghost of Christmas Future.
  • The Marley Carol (1993) Christmas Play in Two Acts by Dennis Drake taking place on the Christmas Eve Jacob Marley gives up the ghost.
  • Sonic's Christmas Carol (1993) A backup story featured in Archie Comics' Sonic the Hedgehog #6. It casts Dr. Robotnik as Scrooge, Rotor Walrus as Bob Cratchit, Snively as Jacob Marley and Sonic as all three ghosts.
  • Ebbie (1995), a TV movie that brought the first portrayal of Scrooge as a female, with Susan Lucci as Elizabeth "Ebbie" Scrooge, owner of a huge department store, and some of her own employees doubling as the three Christmas Spirits.
  • Martin (1996), in the episode "Scrooge", Martin was visited by three Christmas spirits, to encourage Christmas spirit and the joy of giving to Martin.
  • Ms. Scrooge (1997), a TV movie starring Cicely Tyson as "Ebenita Scrooge", managing director of a loan company, and Katherine Helmond as her deceased business partner Maude Marley.
  • Ebenezer (1997), a Western version produced for Canadian TV, starring Jack Palance as Ebenezer Scrooge, a land baron.
  • An All Dogs Christmas Carol (1998), animated TV movie based on All Dogs Go to Heaven and featuring the villainous Carface as this version's Scrooge analog
  • Whatever Happened to Tiny Tim? by John Mortimer (New York Times Book Review, 1992). In this short story, Tim grew up to be a successful businessman and gained a knighthood, but became even more heartless than Scrooge (beginning his career by embezzling funds from Scrooge's Christmas Turkey fund, then buying Scrooge out and pensioning off his own father). On Christmas Night 1894, he is visited by both the ghosts of Scrooge and Christmas Yet-to-Come who force him to see a horrible vision of the world in 1992 in which war, crime, poverty, famine and corruption are rampant. This story was originally broadcast on BBC Radio 7 on January 1, 2003 under the title Not So Tiny Tim and was read by Richard Pasco.
  • The Spirit of the Season, 1998, by Don Flowers; Paralleling the visitations of the three "spirits" 20 years before, Scrooge prevails on a grown-up Tim Cratchit to help to him try to reconnect with (and win freedom for) Marley's Ghost, during the pair's visits to three "spiritualists" on the last Christmas Eve of Scrooge's earthly life. Later adapted by Flowers and Fred Walton as a musical (Ebenezer Ever After) that premiered in Portland, Oregon in 2010.
  • A Christmas Carol (2000), A TV-movie that takes place in the present where Ross Kemp plays Eddie Scrooge, a London loan shark. Jacob Marley (Ray Fearon) not only warns Scrooge of the three impending spirits, but doubles as The Ghost of Christmas Present.
  • In 2000, Adventures from the Book of Virtues did an adaptation of A Christmas Carol with Annie in the role of Scrooge, Zack in the role of Bob Cratchit, Plato in the role of Jacob Marley, Aristotle in the role of the Ghost of Christmas Past, Socrates in the role of the Ghost of Christmas Present, Aurora in the role of the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come, and an unnamed blond orphan boy in the role of Tiny Tim.
  • A Diva's Christmas Carol (2000), TV movie that premiered on VH1, now on Lifetime, portraying Vanessa Williams in the Scrooge role as "Ebony" Scrooge, one third of a late-'80's pop trio called "Desire" and now an egotistical, arrogant, grouchy solo diva.
  • Marley's Ghost, (2000), by Mark Hazard Osmun: The prequel to A Christmas Carol. A novel imagining the life and afterlife of Scrooge's partner, Jacob Marley and how Marley came to arrange Scrooge's chance at redemption.
  • Marley's Ghost (2003) by Jeff Goode is a stage play which is a prequel to A Christmas Carol along similar lines to the novel by Osmun.
  • The Trial of Ebenezer Scrooge (Ohio State University Press, 2001) by Bruce Bueno de Mesquita. A uniquely philosophical take on the Scrooge mythology set in the afterlife with Scrooge on trial to determine if he merits entry into Paradise.
  • Scrooge & Cratchit (Scrooge-and-Cratchit, 2002) by Matt McHugh. Bob Cratchit is now Scrooge's partner in business as they both face the wrath of bankers as ruthless as Scrooge in his prime. Reprinted in 2007 as The Index-Journal holiday edition insert. In print and Kindle/iPhone/ebook formats.
  • Scrooge Blues was written by Nicholas McInerny and broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in December 2002 [45] and re-broadcast on BBC Radio 7 on 28 December 2010.[46] This continuation, starring David Hargreaves, takes place one year after the events of A Christmas Carol after the transformation of Ebenezer Scrooge.
  • A Carol Christmas (2003), another TV movie portraying Scrooge as an arrogant female celebrity, this time as a TV star named "Carol Cartman", played by Tori Spelling, with her own talk show. Having premiered on The Hallmark Channel and then shown on ABC Family's 25 Days of Christmas, the movie, currently back on The Hallmark Channel, also featured Dinah Manoff as Marla, Carol's stage-mother type aunt, and two of the three Christmas Spirits portrayed by Gary Coleman (Christmas Past) and William Shatner (Christmas Present).
  • The Last Christmas of Ebenezer Scrooge: The Sequel to A Christmas Carol (Wildside Press, 2003) by Marvin Kaye. This sequel picks up right where the original left off, with Scrooge trying to right an unresolved wrong. This version was also adapted for the stage.
  • Mr. Timothy (HarperCollins, 2003) by Louis Bayard. Here again is an adult Tiny Tim, only this time as a 23-year-old resident of a London brothel who becomes embroiled in a murder mystery. Mr. Timothy was included in the New York Times's list of Notable Fiction for 2003.
  • The Haunting Refrain to Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" (2004 revised 2007) This short novel details the lives of the original characters, plus a few new introductions, 21 years later. It is posted exclusively to the web at his time and is out of print from its original printing run. It is available for free viewing at www.dickensworks.com
  • Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas (2006) the second Looney Tunes adaptation; this time, it features Daffy Duck as Scrooge.
  • Barbie in a Christmas Carol (2008), Barbie stars as the female version of Ebenezer Scrooge.
  • Of Christmas Past is a short comic strip by Johnny Lowe and Seaward Tuthill in the literary trade paperback Iconic released in 2009 by members of the Comicbook Artists Guild. It deals with Scrooge's nephew Fred facing the decision of what to do about a criminal who murdered his wife, with the ghost of Scrooge playing the role of the three spirits to try to save him from a path of darkness.
  • A Christmas Carol – Scrooge's Ghostly Tale (2006), animated.
  • Nan's Christmas Carol (2009)
  • I am Scrooge: A Zombie Story for Christmas is a novel by Adam Roberts (Gollancz, 2009). It deals with the aftermath of Tiny Tim's parlous health. It turns out that the child was a harbinger of an infectious virus that threatens a zombie apocalypse, and it is left to Scrooge and the Ghosts of Christmas Past, Present and Future to rectify the matter. It is scheduled to coincide with Christmas 2009.
  • A Klingon Christmas Carol (written c. 2006) is an adaptation set on the Klingon homeworld of Qo'noS in the Star Trek fictional universe.[47] The play was co-written and directed by Christopher O. Kidder, and was performed from 2007–2010 by Commedia Beauregard (a Saint Paul, Minnesota theatre company),[47] and also presented in Chicago for 2010.[48]
  • Doctor Who: A Christmas Carol (2010) - the 2010 Christmas special episode of Doctor Who is a science fiction story that borrows elements from the original. Dialogue acknowledges the source, and Dickens himself has appeared as a character in two episodes.
  • An American Country Christmas Carol (2010) a new stage country musical adaptation with a book and lyrics by Scott Logsdon and music by Rand Bishop, Kent Blazy, Roxie Dean, Tim Finn, Billy Kirsch, J. Fred Knobloch, and Pam Rose. It was presented as a staged reading at the Boiler Room Theatre in Franklin, Tennessee on December 5, 6 and 13 of 2010.[49]
  • A London Carol (2010) - the sixty-fourth episode of Disney Channel Original Series The Suite Life on Deck. Cody and Bailey collect toys for poor children. When they ask London for donations, she's too selfish to give anything. On the Christmas Eve night, London's mirror takes her to the past, present and future only for her to find out that everyone will loathe her and she will be lonely.
  • Christmas Cupid (2010), made-for-TV movie starring Christina Milian as the Scrooge-inspired character Sloane Spencer.
  • Mega Man Christmas Carol (2010) - In this Mega Man fangame, Mega Man gets his Christmas presents stolen by an evil Santa Claus. To get the presents back, Mega Man must fight four Robot Masters based on the four ghosts from A Christmas Carol. The Ghost of Jacob Marley, The Ghost of Christmas Past, The Ghost of Christmas Present and The Ghost of Christmas Future. This game also got remade as Mega Man Christmas Carol Remix in 2012.
  • Christmas Cupid (2010), made-for-TV movie starring Christina Milian as the Scrooge-inspired character Sloane Spencer.
  • Batman: Noël (2011) A graphic novel written and illustrated by Lee Bermejo, featuring a tale with the caped crusader inspired by A Christmas Carol.
  • Mega Man Christmas Carol 2 (2011) - The sequel to Mega Man Christmas Carol. Mega Man, Proto Man and Bass fight against five more Robot Masters based off A Christmas Carol characters. This time, you face Tiny Tim, Bob Cratchit (who are both fought together) Ebenezer Scrooge, Want and Ignorance.
  • It's Christmas, Carol! (2012) made-for-TV movie starring Emmanuelle Vaugier as an arrogant Chicago-based book publisher whose staff hates her so much they plan a revolt against her; her former boss, Eve (Carrie Fisher) approaches her on Christmas Eve night and functions as all three spirits, Past, Present and Yet To Come, showing her the unhappiness she has caused. Recently premiered on The Hallmark Channel.
  • Orange Carol (2012), an episode of The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange where Orange's annoying antics are spoiling everyone's holiday cheer, then a visit from three ghosts appeared and try to make Orange learn about the holiday sprit.
  • A Christmas Carol (2012), an episode of The Looney Tunes Show, features a stage adaptation of the tale.
  • Scrooge: The Year After (2012) is a sequel written by Judy La Salle taking place one year after the events of the original novel. It is broken into volumes, and thus far, only the first volume of the sequel has been released.
  • Kelly Clarkson's Cautionary Christmas Music Tale (2013), a NBC television special loosely based on A Christmas Carol featuring Kelly Clarkson playing a Scrooge-like role.[50]
  • Arrow (2013) season 2 episode 9, Three Ghosts
  • The Internet series Epic Rap Battles of History released on December 19, 2013 a Christmas Carol-themed episode featuring Ebenezer Scrooge, the ghosts of Christmas (represented by the businessman J.P. Morgan, the millionnaire rapper Kanye West and the ghost of Christmas Yet To Come as itself) and Jacob Marley (represented by the businessman Donald Trump).

References

  1. ^ http://encoreatlanta.com/alliance/alliance-feature/2010/a-christmas-card-to-atlanta.html#.UQxl_mda5ig
  2. ^ Philip Fisher (2005). "Reviews: A Christmas Carol (Albery Theatre)". The British Theatre Guide. Retrieved 2009-02-19.
  3. ^ "One man takes on Dickens classic". Retrieved 2013-05-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "OBSP's A Christmas Carol (2010)".
  5. ^ "The Pantaloons official website".
  6. ^ "Triad Stage's A Christmas Carol (2010)".
  7. ^ "3 Ghosts Tickets and Showtimes". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-05-19. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "PiPe Dream Theatre official website".
  9. ^ "A Christmas Carol Musical". Retrieved 2013-05-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ Scrooge (1935) at IMDb
  11. ^ "Critics' Picks: 'A Christmas Carol' - Video". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-05-19. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Tiny Tim Comes to Television", New York Times, Dec. 24, 1944, p. 35.
  13. ^ IMDB entry
  14. ^ A Christmas Carol (1970) (TV) at IMDb
  15. ^ A Christmas Carol (1977) (TV) at IMDb
  16. ^ The Stingiest Man in Town at IMDb
  17. ^ Bayard, Louis (2009-12-24). "The Best "Christmas Carol" Ever". Slate.com. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
  18. ^ http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001772/awards
  19. ^ "A Guide to Christmas Carol Adaptations". January 16, 2010.
  20. ^ A Sesame Street Christmas Carol at IMDb
  21. ^ "On the Air Today", The Washington Post, Dec. 25, 1934, p. 21. "Nash-LaFayette Radio Program" (advertisement), New York Times, Dec. 25, 1934, p. 32.
  22. ^ Lionel Collapses, But a Barrymore Acts as 'Scrooge'", The Washington Post, Dec. 26, 1936, p. X1.
  23. ^ "Listen! with Glyn" (advertisement), The Washington Post, Dec. 20, 1940, p. 36.
  24. ^ "You Don't Play Scrooge You Just Ain't Workin'", The Washington Post, Dec. 23, 1953, p. 46.
  25. ^ "Basil Rathbone.net/Recordings". Basilrathbone.net. 1952-03-23. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  26. ^ http://www.suttonelms.org.uk/saturday-playhouse.html
  27. ^ http://www.paleycenter.org/collection/item/?q=jay&p=40&item=R:23232
  28. ^ http://www.prx.org/pieces/22256-a-christmas-carol-a-ghost-story-for-christmas#description
  29. ^ http://www.paleycenter.org/collection/item/?q=actors&p=17&item=R:23232
  30. ^ 09:30 - 09:45 (2008-12-26). "Radio 4 Programmes – Book at Bedtime: A Christmas Carol". BBC. Retrieved 2010-08-23. {{cite web}}: |author= has numeric name (help)
  31. ^ "Christmas Carol & Mr Pickwick's Christmas: Charles Dickens, Hanns Eisler, Victor Young, Ronald Colman, Charles Laughton: Music". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  32. ^ http://www.worldcat.org/title/christmas-carol/oclc/11852459
  33. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=QgoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=:Grandpa+Magic%27s+Toyshop%22+%22Ed+Wynn%22&source=bl&ots=YHNBhYq6Bs&sig=26hAECUw1PhKWMgf_GevfpUo-4M&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vmEMUfGhDIXU9ATPnoH4Aw&sqi=2&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%3AGrandpa%20Magic%27s%20Toyshop%22%20%22Ed%20Wynn%22&f=false
  34. ^ "Caedmon Records version". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)[dead link]
  35. ^ "A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens". Retrieved 2013-05-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ http://www.amazon.com/dp/0743563794
  37. ^ Dickens, Charles, and Jim Dale. A Christmas Carol. New York: Random House/Listening Library, 2003. ISBN 978-1-4000-8603-0
  38. ^ http://www.amazon.com/dp/1471310388
  39. ^ "A Christmas Carol – Thea Musgrave, composer". Theamusgrave.com. 1981-12-16. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  40. ^ An American Christmas Carol at IMDb
  41. ^ Skinflint: A Country Christmas Carol at IMDb
  42. ^ "A Jetson Christmas Carol " at IMDb
  43. ^ "Ebenezer Sanford (#5.12)" at IMDb
  44. ^ "Christmas Carol II the Sequel" at IMDb
  45. ^ ""Scrooge Blues" and "Not So Tiny Tim"".
  46. ^ "Scrooge Blues".
  47. ^ a b Belkin, Douglas (2010-12-18), "BaQa'—or Is It Humbug? Aliens Attack a Holiday Classic", The Wall Street Journal, New York, NY, U.S.A.: Dow Jones & Company, OCLC 0099-9660, archived from the original on 2010-12-19, retrieved 2010-12-19, The arc of "A Klingon Christmas Carol" follows the familiar Dickens script: An old miser is visited on a hallowed night by three ghosts who shepherd him through a voyage of self-discovery. The narrative has been rejiggered to match the Klingon world view. {{citation}}: Check |oclc= value (help)
  48. ^ Klingon Christmas Carol brought to the stage, The Telegraph, 2010-12-21, accessed 2010-12-23.
  49. ^ "OBSP's A Christmas Carol (2010)".
  50. ^ Boedeker, Hal (October 18, 2013). "Is Kelly Clarkson playing Scrooge for NBC?". Orlando Sentinel. Tribune Company. Retrieved October 26, 2013.

Further reading

  • Fred Guida, A Christmas Carol and Its Adaptations: Dickens's Story on Screen and Television, McFarland & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-7864-0738-7.
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