Jump to content

Volvo Modular engine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 2a02:2028:757:8901:e412:234:c9f0:560f (talk) at 19:29, 2 July 2017 (→History). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Volvo Modular Engine
Overview
ManufacturerVolvo Cars
Production1990–2016[1]
Layout
ConfigurationI4, I5, I6
Displacement1.6L–2.9L
Cylinder block materialAluminum
Cylinder head materialAluminum
ValvetrainDOHC
Combustion
Fuel systemFuel injection
ManagementBosch LH-Jetronic[2]
Bosch Motronic[3][4]
Bosch ME Motronic[5][6]
Siemens Fenix[7]
Siemens EMS 2000[8]
Denso EMS[9][6]
Necam MEGA[nb 1][10]
Fuel typePetrol
LPG
CNG
Oil systemWet sump
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Chronology
PredecessorPRV[11] (6cyl)
Redblock (4cyl)
SuccessorVEA (general replacement)
SI6[12][13] (6cyl)

The Volvo Modular Engine was a family of straight-four, straight-five, and straight-six automobile piston engines produced by Volvo Cars in Skövde,[14] Sweden from 1990[15] until 2016. All engines feature an aluminum engine block and aluminum cylinder head, forged steel connecting rods, aluminum pistons and double overhead camshafts.[15]

History

The Volvo Modular Engine was developed as part of Project Galaxy[16][17] which began in the late 1970s.[18][19] The prototype engines called X-100[20] had only four cylinders[21] but already featured the sandwich and all aluminum construction of the later production variants.[22][23] Early prototypes of the X-100 were designed similar to the existing redblock engines with a single camshaft and the oilfilter mounted on the side of the engine rather than the bottom.[24]

The first available engine was the B6304F[25] which debuted in August 1990 in the Volvo 960.[15] A year later, with the introduction of the Volvo 850 in June 1991, the first five-cylinder variant in form of the B5254F[15][26][27] hit the market. It was equipped with V-VIS[28] (Volvo Variable Intake System) which was designed to improve engine response between 1500–4100 rpm. V-VIS was only available on the 2,5L 20V naturally aspirated engines and was discontinued after 1994. In 1995[29] with the launch of the Volvo S40 the four-cylinder B4184S and B4204S engines[30] were released.[31] In 1998, with the introduction of the 1999 model year S80,[32] Volvo began to transition to updated versions of their 'N'-series engines, now called 'RN',[33] short for revised 'N'.[34] Drive-by-wire, coil-on-plug systems and variable valve timing (VVT)[35] were introduced along with new engine management systems.[35][36] 10 valve engines were slowly phased out in favour of detuned 20 valve versions.[37]

With the introduction of the second generation Volvo S40 in 2003 another update to the engine family took place. The new engine was called 'RNC',[38][39] the 'C' standing for 'compact' to emphasise the decrease in overall dimensions. Compared to the previous generation the new engine was 200mm slimmer[nb 2] and 25mm shorter. On turbocharged engines the exhaust manifold and turbine housing were now combined into one part; all engines were equipped with plastic intake manifolds and continuously variable valve timing (CVVT).[40]
The 'RN' engines remained in production alongside the 'RNC' engines and were slowly phased out, beginning with the introduction of the second generation Volvo S80 in 2006. The new SI6 engine family[41] was introduced to replace the 6-cylinder variants of the Volvo Modular Engine at the same time.[42]

Nomenclature

The engine codes consist of a series of letters and digits:

  • 1st: (B/D/GB) B = Bensin (Petrol), D = Diesel, GB[43] = Gas & Bensin[nb 3]
  • 2nd: (4/5/6) # of cylinders
  • 3rd & 4th: Approximate displacement in deciliters, may be rounded up or down. (23 ~= 2.3L)
  • 5th: (2/4) Valves per cylinder
  • 6th: (S/T/F/G/GS/FS/FT/SG) S = standard (naturally aspirated), T = turbocharged, F = fuel injection with catalytic converter, G[44] = leaded fuel compatible, GS[45] = leaded fuel compatible, naturally aspirated, FS = fuel injected standard (naturally aspirated) with catalytic converter, FT = fuel injected, turbocharged with catalytic converter, SG[46] = standard (naturally aspirated) compatible with alternative fuels (LPG / CNG)
  • 7th: (2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11) engine generation or engine variant

Engine codes are not necessarily unique to a specific engine as power levels can vary depending on market, manufacturer and model.

1.6

B4164S

The B4164S[47] is a 1.6 L (1,588 cc) straight-four.[48] Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp)[49] at 5500 rpm with 143 N⋅m (105 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4200 rpm.

Applications:

B4164S2

The B4164S2[50] is a 1.6 L (1,587 cc) straight-four. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 10:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 109 PS (80 kW; 108 hp) at 5800 rpm with 145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4000 rpm. It features intake cam VVT.

Applications:

1.8

B4184S

The B4184S[52] is a 1.8 L (1,731 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 80.0 mm (3.1 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 115 hp (86 kW; 117 PS) at 5500 rpm with 165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4100 rpm.

Applications:

  • 1995–1999 Volvo S40 badged as S40 1.8 or S40 1.8 16V
  • 1995–1999 Volvo V40 badged as V40 1.8 or V40 1.8 16V

B4184S2

The B4184S2 is a 1.8 L (1,783 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 82.4 mm (3.2 in). It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 122 hp (91 kW; 124 PS) at 5800 rpm with 170 N⋅m (130 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4000 rpm. It features intake cam VVT.

Applications:

  • 1999–2004 Volvo S40 badged as S40 1.8i or S40 1.8i SE
  • 1999–2004 Volvo V40 badged as V40 1.8i or V40 1.8i SE

B4184S3

The B4184S3 is a 1.8 L (1,783 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 82.4 mm (3.2 in). It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 116 hp (87 kW; 118 PS) at 5500 rpm with 170 N⋅m (130 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4000 rpm.

Applications:

1.9

B4194T

The B4194T[53] is a 1.9 L (1,855 cc) straight-four. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) at 5500 rpm with 300 N⋅m (220 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2400–3600 rpm. The engine uses EMS2000 engine management and is equipped with a TD04L-14T turbocharger.

Specifications:

  • Rod length: 139.5 mm (5.5 in)

Applications:

B4204S

The B4204S/ B4204S2 is a 1.9 L (1,948 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 134 hp (100 kW; 136 PS) at 5800 rpm with 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4000 rpm.

Applications:[54]

B4204T

The B4204T is a 1.9 L (1,948 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of ??.?:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp)[55] at 5100 rpm, and produces 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–4800 rpm. The engine uses EMS2000 engine management and is equipped with a TD04L-12T turbocharger.

Applications:

B4204T2

The B4204T2 is a 1.9 L (1,948 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in). It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) at 5100 rpm[56] with 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft)[56] of torque at 1800–4800 rpm.

Applications:[56]

B4204T3

The B4204T3[57] is a 1.9 L (1,948 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in). It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 161 hp (120 kW; 163 PS) at 5250 rpm with 240 N⋅m (180 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–4500 rpm.

Applications:[58]

B4204T4

The B4204T4[59] is a 1.9 L (1,948 cc) straight-four. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in). It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 170 hp (127 kW; 172 PS) at 5500 rpm[59] with 240 N⋅m (180 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–5000 rpm.[59]

Applications:

B4204T5

The B4204T5 is a 1.9 L (1,948 cc) straight-four.[62] Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in). It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 197 hp (147 kW; 200 PS) at 5500 rpm with 300 N⋅m (220 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2500–4000 rpm.

Applications:[63]

2.0

B5202S

The B5202S[64] is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. It naturally aspirated with a power output of 126 PS (93 kW; 124 hp) at 6250 rpm and produces 170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. It is equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management.

Applications:[65][66]

B5202FS

The B5202FS is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. It naturally aspirated with a power output of 126 PS (93 kW; 124 hp) at 6250 rpm and produces 170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. It is equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management.

It is naturally aspirated and was equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management.

Applications:

B5204S

The B5204S[68] is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in). It is naturally aspirated.

Applications:

B5204FS

The B5204FS is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated.

Applications:

B5204FT

The B5204FT is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled.

Applications:

B5204T

The B5204T[69] is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 8.4:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp), and produces 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) of torque. It is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.3 engine management. It was offered only in Italy[69] and Taiwan[69] due to local tax laws.

Applications:

  • 1994–1997 Volvo 850 badged as 850 T-5 (2.0)

B5204T2

The B5204T2[64] is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 8.4:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) at 5700 rpm, and produces 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2100–5400 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.4 engine management.

Applications:

B5204T3

The B5204T3[70] is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 8.4:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp) at 5700 rpm and 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2700–5100 rpm. It was equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.4 engine management until the first half of 1998, it was upgraded to Bosch ME 7 for the remaining years. It was only offered in Italy[69] and Taiwan[69] due to high taxes on cars with more than 2000 cc engine capacity.

Applications:

B5204T4

The B5204T4[70] is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 9.5:1.[73] It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 163 PS (120 kW; 161 hp) at 5100 rpm, and produces 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–5000 rpm.

Applications:[74]

B5204T5

The B5204T5 is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 9.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) at 5300 rpm, and produces 240 N⋅m (180 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2000–5300 rpm.

Applications:[77]

B5204T8

The B5204T8 is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) at 5000 rpm, and produces 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2700–4200 rpm.[80]

Applications:[81]

B5204T9

The B5204T9 is a 2.0 L (1,984 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 77 mm (3.0 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 213 PS (157 kW; 210 hp)[83] at 6000 rpm, and produces 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2700–5000 rpm.

Applications:[84]

2.3

B5234FS

The B5234FS is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated and was only available on Thai market cars.

Applications:

B5234T

The B5234T[86] is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp)[87] at 5200 rpm and 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) of torque between 2000–5200 rpm.[86] It is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.3 engine management.

Applications:

B5234T2

The B5234T2 is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 218 PS (160 kW; 215 hp)[69] at 5100 rpm and 330 N⋅m (243 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2700–4500 rpm.[69] It was only available on Thai market cars.

Applications:

B5234T3

The B5234T3[64] is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 240 PS (176 kW; 236 hp) at 5100 rpm and 330 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2400–5100 rpm.
Model years 1997 and 1998 are equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.4 engine management, model years 1999 and up are equipped with Bosch ME7 engine management. Also added for the 1999 model year was variable valve timing for the exhaust cam.
For model year 2001 and up power output was increased to 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp) at 5200 rpm with 330 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2400–5200 rpm.

Applications:[89]

B5234T4

The B5234T4 is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp) at 6000 rpm and 350 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2400–5000 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.4 engine management. The 850 R models come with a TD04HL-16T turbo, S70 R and V70 R models come with a TD04HL-18T turbo.

Applications:

B5234T5

The B5234T5 is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 225-250 hp. This version of the B5234 features a TD04-15g turbo. It is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.3 engine management.

Applications:

B5234T6

The B5234T6[97] is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 240 PS (177 kW; 237 hp) at 6000 rpm and 310 N⋅m (230 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2700–5400 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.4 engine management.

Applications:

B5234T7

The B5234T7 is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) at 5000 rpm and 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2000–5000 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch ME7 engine management.[98]

Applications:

  • 1998–2000 Volvo S70 badged as .
  • 1998–2000 Volvo V70 badged as .
  • 2000–2004 Volvo S80 badged as .
  • 2001–2004 Volvo S60 badged as .

B5234T8

The B5234T8 is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp) at 5700 rpm and 310 N⋅m (230 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2700–5100 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch ME 7 engine management.

Applications:

B5234T9

The B5234T9 is a 2.3 L (2,319 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 245 PS (180 kW; 242 hp) at 5400 rpm and 330 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2400–5100 rpm.[100] It is equipped with Bosch ME 7 engine management.

Applications:

  • 2003–2005 Volvo C70 badged as C70 T5 (convertible)

2.4

B5244S

The B5244S is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It is naturally aspirated and was offered in two versions with different power levels:
A detuned version with a power output of 144 PS (106 kW; 142 hp) at 5400 rpm with 152 lb⋅ft (206 N⋅m) of torque at 3600 rpm, and an uprated one with a power output of 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) at 6100 rpm,[90] with 170 lb⋅ft (230 N⋅m) of torque at 4500 rpm. For model year 2000 the engine was equipped with intake cam VVT.

Applications:

B5244S2

The B5244S2 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 5700 rpm with 220 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3750 rpm. It features intake cam VVT.

Applications:[104]

B5244S4

The B5244S4 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) at 6000 rpm with 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4400 rpm. It features intake cam VVT.

Applications:[105]

B5244S5

The B5244S5 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 5000 rpm with 220 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4000 rpm.

Applications:[107]

B5244S6

SULEV+ engine variant for California

B5244S7

SULEV+ engine variant with PremAir for California[111]

B5244SG

The B5244SG is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 4500 rpm with 220 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft) of torque at 37500 rpm when using petrol; and 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 5800 rpm with 192 N⋅m (142 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4500 rpm when using natural gas.[112] This particular engine is a Bi-Fuel variant that is optimized for CNG.[78]

Applications:

B5244SG2

The B5244SG2 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke 90 mm (3.5 in) is with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 4500 rpm with 220 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3750 rpm when using petrol;[114] and 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 5100 rpm with 214 N⋅m (158 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4500 rpm when using LPG.[113] This particular engine is a Bi-Fuel variant that is optimized for LPG.

Applications:

B5244T

The B5244T[73] is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 9:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 193 PS (142 kW; 190 hp)[90][115] at 5100 rpm[115] with 270 N⋅m (200 lb⋅ft)[116] of torque between 1600–5000 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch ME7 engine management.

Applications:

B5244T2

The B5244T2 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 265 PS (195 kW; 261 hp) at 5700 rpm with 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2400 rpm. It uses ME7 engine management.

Applications:

B5244T3

The B5244T3 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) with 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800 rpm. It features exhaust cam VVT.

Applications:

B5244T4

The B5244T4 is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp) at 5000 rpm with 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1500 rpm.[117] It features VVT for both intake and exhaust cam.

Applications:

B5244T5

The B5244T5 is a 2.4 L (2,401 cc) straight-five. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 93.2 mm (3.7 in). It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 260 PS (191 kW; 256 hp) at 5500 rpm with 350 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2100 rpm. It features VVT for both intake and exhaust cam.

Applications:[118]

B5244T7

The B5244T7 2.4 L (2,401 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) at 5700 rpm[76] with 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1800–5000 rpm. It features VVT for both intake and exhaust cam.

Applications:

2.5

B5252S

The B5252S[64] is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 144 PS (106 kW; 142 hp) at 5400 rpm with 206 N⋅m (152 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3600 rpm. It is equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management.

Applications:[122]

B5252FS

The B5252FS is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated and it is equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management.

Applications:

GB5252S

The GB5252S[97] is a 2.5 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 144 PS (106 kW; 142 hp) at 5400 rpm with 206 N⋅m (152 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3600 rpm when using petrol; and a power output of 122 PS (90 kW; 120 hp) at 5250 rpm with 180 N⋅m (130 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3650 rpm when using natural gas.[124] It is equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management for petrol operation and Necam MEGA for natural gas operation.
This engine was only available with the 4-speed AW50-42LE automatic[125] with three shift modes.[126]

Applications:

GB5252S2

The GB5252S2[97] is a 2.5 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 144 PS (106 kW; 142 hp) at 5400 rpm with 206 N⋅m (152 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3600 rpm when using petrol; and a power output of 122 PS (90 kW; 120 hp) at 5250 rpm with 180 N⋅m (130 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3650 rpm when using natural gas. It is equipped with Siemens Fenix 5.2 engine management for petrol operation and Necam MEGA for natural gas operation.
This engine was only available with the 4-speed AW50-42LE automatic with adaptive shift logic.

Applications:

B5254S

The B5254S[93] is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) at 6100 rpm with 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4700 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch LH 3.2 Jetronic engine management.

Applications:

B5254F

The B5254F is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) at 6100 rpm with 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4700 rpm. It is equipped with Bosch LH 3.2 Jetronic engine management and features a variable intake system called "Volvo Variable Induction System" or V-VIS for short.

Applications:

B5254FS

The B5254FS, sometimes called B5254FS M4.4, is a 2.4 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp). It is equipped with Bosch M 4.4 Motronic engine management.

Applications:

B5254T

The B5254T is a 2.5 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output 193 PS (142 kW; 190 hp)[137] at 5100 rpm,[99] with 270 N⋅m (200 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–5000 rpm.[99] For model years 1997 and 1998 it is equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.4 engine management. For model year 1999 it is equipped with Bosch ME 7 engine management. Boost pressure is limited to 6 psi (41 kPa).[138]

Applications:

B5254T2

The B5254T2 is a 2.5 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is and stroke is with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp) at 5000 rpm with 320 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft)[140] of torque at 1500–4500 rpm.

Applications:[141]

B5254T3

The B5254T3 is a 2.5 L (2,522 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 93.2 mm (3.7 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp) at 5000 rpm with 320 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1500–4800 rpm. On cars with the AW55-51 automatic transmission, torque is limited in first and second gear.[145] It has VVT and uses the Bosch ME 9.0[146] engine management system.[147] Unlike previous designs, the turbocharger is integral with the exhaust manifold.

Adaptations of this engine were used by Ford, with power levels ranging from 220PS (217 bhp)[148] to 350PS (345 bhp).[149] At Ford the engine was called "Duratec-ST",[150] "Duratec ST"[151] or "Duratec RS".[152]

Applications:[153]

B5254T4

The B5254T4[161] is a 2.5 L (2,522 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 93.2 mm (3.7 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled and equipped with dual VVT. It produces 300 PS (221 kW; 296 hp) at 5500 rpm with 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2000–5250 rpm with the 6-speed manual transmission[nb 11];[121] 300 PS (221 kW; 296 hp) at 6000 rpm with 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1850–6000 rpm[162] with the 5-speed automatic transmission[nb 12]. Cars with the 6–speed automatic transmission[nb 13] were not torque limited.

Applications:[163]

B5254T5

The B5254T5 is a 2.5 L (2,522 cc) straight-five. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp) at 5500 rpm, and produces 360 N⋅m (266 lb⋅ft) of torque between 1800–4020 rpm.

Applications:

B5254T6

The B5254T6 is a 2.5 L (2,521 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 93.2 mm (3.7 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) at 4800 rpm, and produces 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1500–4500 rpm.

Applications:

B5254T7

The B5254T7 is 2.5 L (2,521 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 932 mm (36.7 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 230 PS (169 kW; 227 hp) at 5000 rpm and 320 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1500–5000 rpm. It uses Bosch ME engine management. With the AW55-51 automatic transmission, torque is limited in first and second gear. The turbocharger is still integrated into the exhaust manifold, but is of a different design.

Applications:[169]

B5254T8

The B5254T8 is a 2.5 L (2,435 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 932 mm (36.7 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) at 4800 rpm and 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1500–4500 rpm.[nb 14]

Applications:

B5254T10

The B5254T10 is a 2.5 L (2,521 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 932 mm (36.7 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 231 PS (170 kW; 228 hp) at 4800 rpm and 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1700–4800 rpm.

Applications:[174]

B5254T11

The B5254T11 is a 2.5 L (2,521 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 93.2 mm (3.7 in) with a compression ratio of 9.0:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 231 PS (170 kW; 228 hp) at 4800 rpm and 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1700–4800 rpm.

Applications:[176]

B5254T12

The B5254T12 is a 2.5 L (2,497 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 92.3 mm (3.6 in) with a compression ratio of 9.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 254 PS (187 kW; 251 hp) at 5400 rpm and 360 N⋅m (266 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–4800 rpm. The TF-80SD is the only transmission available with this engine.

Applications:

B5254T14

The B5254T14 is a 2.5 L (2,497 cc) straight-five. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 92.3 mm (3.6 in) with a compression ratio of 9.5:1. It is turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 249 PS (183 kW; 246 hp) at 5400 rpm and 360 N⋅m (266 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–4200 rpm.

Applications:

B6254FS

The B6254FS is a 2.5 L (2,473 cc) straight-six. It is naturally aspirated. A new, small 2.5-litre engine, known as the B6254 FS, was introduced for the 1995 Volvo 960. It developed 170 bhp (130 kW) at 5700 rpm and maximum torque of 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) at 4400 rpm. This engine was identical in every way to the larger B6304S, apart from the stroke being reduced to 80 mm (3.1 in) and the bore to 81 mm (3.2 in), producing a displacement of 2,473 cc. Like other Volvo engines, it was optimised for low-end and middle range torque.[184] The 180 hp (130 kW) version of this engine was called B6244 FS.

Applications:

B6254G

Non-catalyst, leaded-fuel compatible version of the B6254S, for regions with limited availability of unleaded fuel.

2.8

B6284T

The B6284T is a 2.8 L (2,783 cc)[186] straight-six. Bore is 81 mm (3.2 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is twin-turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp) at 5400 rpm, with 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2000–5000 rpm.[186]

Applications:

2.9

B6294S

The B6294S is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 196 PS (144 kW; 193 hp) at 5200 rpm[78] with 280 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4200 rpm.

Applications:

B6294S2

The B6294S is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 196 PS (144 kW; 193 hp) at 5200 rpm with 280 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3900 rpm.

Applications:

B6294T

The B6294T is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 8.5:1. It is twin-turbocharged and intercooled with a power output of 272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp) at 5200 rpm with 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) of torque at 1800–5000 rpm. It features dual VVT.

Applications:[190]

B6304S

The B6304S is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.7:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) at 5200 rpm with 267 N⋅m (197 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4100 rpm.

Fix problem with two different versions having same engine code but different design(s). pre '99 is mechanical throttle, '99 is with fly by wire. Different power outputs.

Applications:

B6304S2

The B6304S2 is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six.

Applications:

  • Volvo 960 later model years / various

B6304S3

The B6304S3[194] is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six. It has the same bore and stroke (83x90 mm) as the B6294, but the deciliter number was rounded up (i.e. 2,922 cc to 3,000 cc). These engines produced 204 hp (152 kW; 207 PS) at 6000 rpm, and 197 lb⋅ft (267 N⋅m) of torque at 4300 rpm. Engine output was reduced to 180 hp (134 kW; 182 PS) and 199 lb⋅ft (270 N⋅m) by changing the cam profile (back then without variable valve timing) in favour of emissions regulations.

Applications:

B6304G

The B6304G is a 2.9 L (2,922 cc) straight-six. Bore is 83 mm (3.3 in) and stroke is 90 mm (3.5 in) with a compression ratio of 10.7:1. It is naturally aspirated with a power output of 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) at 6000 rpm,[195] and 267 N⋅m (197 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4300 rpm.[196] It is adapted to run on leaded gasoline as well as lead free gasoline.

Applications:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Multi-Point Electronic Gas Injection
  2. ^ Total width including manifolds
  3. ^ First generation Bi-Fuel models with NECAM & Fenix 5.2 engine management
  4. ^ Models with automatic transmission
  5. ^ Models with automatic transmission
  6. ^ Models with manual transmission
  7. ^ Models with manual transmission
  8. ^ Models with manual transmission
  9. ^ Models with automatic transmission
  10. ^ Models with automatic transmission
  11. ^ Volvo M66C AWD transmission
  12. ^ Aisin AW55-51 transmission
  13. ^ Aisin TF 80-SC AWD transmission
  14. ^ Available only on the Thai market

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Volvo modular engines.
  1. ^ "Volvo MY 2016 VIN decoder - USA/Canada". www.nhtsa.dot.gov. 25 September 2015. Archived from the original on 2006-05-30. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 2016-06-10 suggested (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "LH3.2 ignition system" (PDF). www.volvoclub.org.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-01-12. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ "Haynes automotive technical data book - Volvo 960" (PDF). users.net1.cc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-11-30. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "New six-cylinder powers Volvo 960". www.oocities.org. 1 October 1991. Archived from the original on 2015-07-16. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "Engine & Performance: Bosch ME7 & ME9". www.wothrline.com. Archived from the original on 2013-02-23. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b "Volvo 2000 Version Identification Number (VIN) Decoding". new.volvocars.com. 1999. Archived from the original on 2009-11-06. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Volvo V70 - 1997 brochure" (PDF). www.volvoclub.org.uk. 1997. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2003-07-26. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "2000 S40 V40" (PDF). www.matthewsvolvosite.com. 1999.
  9. ^ "Volvo VIN code 2004 Model Year - United States & Canada" (PDF). www.nhtsa.gov. 17 March 2003.
  10. ^ "Volvo 850 Bi-Fuel - sound enviromental solution to vehicle exhaust" (PDF). www.volvoclub.org.uk. 3 April 1996. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-01-12. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Sten Jönsson (2002). "GRI-rapport 2002:7 - Projetcs and core values" (PDF). gupea.ub.gu.se. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Greg Kable (13 June 2005). "Volvo's Super 6 - Hot new powerplant for Ford, Jaguar models too". www.autoweek.com. Archived from the original on 2015-03-11. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ Herb Shuldiner (1 March 2006). "Volvo unveils new inline engine for S80". www.wardsauto.com. Archived from the original on 2016-01-27. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Thomas Günnel (13 May 2013). "Volvo startet Produktion eigener VEA-Motoren". www.automobil-industrie.vogel.de (in German). Archived from the original on 2016-01-05. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ a b c d "Technical information - Engine - Volvo 850 GLT" (PDF). Volvo Cars. 1991. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-12-12. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ "Volvo 480ES - First front wheel drive Volvo turns 25 years". www.media.volvocars.com. 20 September 2010. Archived from the original on 2016-01-27. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/us/en-us/media/pressreleases/38077
  18. ^ http://www.focus.de/auto/gebrauchtwagen/youngtimer/tid-22962/20-jahre-volvo-850-schwere-geburt-spaeter-erfolg-heute-gesucht_aid_645344.html
  19. ^ "Volvo 850 Projekt Galaxy "Att sikta mot stjärnorna"" (in Swedish) – via Youtube.
  20. ^ "Volvo 850 – Siktade mot stjärnorna". www.vibilagare.se (in Swedish). 27 April 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-04-28. Retrieved 2017-07-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ "D5 - Volvo's own diesel engine". autoworld.com.my. 6 August 2002.
  22. ^ http://www.curbsideclassic.com/uncategorized/curbside-classic-1993-volvo-850-glt-divergent-evolution/
  23. ^ http://caunter.ca/volvo960/cv14797.pdf
  24. ^ http://farm1.static.flickr.com/116/299059214_8738ddc77c_o.jpg
  25. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/de/de-de/media/pressreleases/19142
  26. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/presskits/1993MY-PressKit.pdf
  27. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/uk/en-gb/media/pressreleases/49836/volvo-850-1991-19961
  28. ^ http://www.paerl.it/volvo/vvismanualeng.pdf
  29. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/s40/1995
  30. ^ http://www3.volvo.com/investors/finrep/annual95/figures/1995/annual/volvoarsredovisning/cars/cars.htm
  31. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/presskits/1996MY-PressKit.pdf
  32. ^ http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/newsmedia/pressreleases/previous/1999/_layouts/CWP.Internet.VolvoCom/NewsItem.aspx?News.ItemId=22114&News.Language=en-gb
  33. ^ a b https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/s80/tech/s80tech1.shtml
  34. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/volvo2003uk/s40/S40_Fulldoc.pdf
  35. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2000/2000_releases/2000_release_4.html
  36. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2001/2001_releases/2001_release_c.html
  37. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/uk/en-gb/media/pressreleases/16388
  38. ^ http://www.automobil-industrie.vogel.de/erfolg-bei-volvo-a-83861/
  39. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/fr/fr-fr/media/pressreleases/4895
  40. ^ http://www.autosieger.de/Variable-Ventilsteuerung-CVVT-von-Volvo-optimiert-article3896.html
  41. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/us/en-us/media/pressreleases/3550
  42. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/us/en-us/media/pressreleases/3525
  43. ^ http://www.volvopartswebstore.com/products/Fuel-distributor/1108641/30677700.html
  44. ^ http://www.volvotips.com/index.php/940-960/history-940-960/
  45. ^ http://www.volvopartswebstore.com/showAssembly.aspx?ukey_assembly=235063
  46. ^ a b c http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/f1ab3cd0ec724029e9dcf53740f7fdbf561eb0c5/V70_owners_manual_MY04_DE_tp6728.pdf
  47. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/data/40SeriesDataSheet-2a.pdf
  48. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/B4164S-40SeriesEngine.pdf
  49. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/19971017190844/http://www.car.volvo.se/vpc/press/releaser/970814e4.html
  50. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/data/40SeriesDataSheet-2b.pdf
  51. ^ parts number 9157135 or 9157138
  52. ^ http://www.volvotips.com/brochures/850/Volvo-model-range-1996-UK-presskit.pdf
  53. ^ a b c http://web.archive.org/web/19971017190853/http://www.car.volvo.se/vpc/press/releaser/970814e2.html
  54. ^ Cars with the B4204S engine - Carfolio.com
  55. ^ a b c http://web.archive.org/web/19971017190709/http://www.car.volvo.se/vpc/press/releaser/971015e1.html
  56. ^ a b c http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2000/2000_SV40/00sv40_09.htm#pg121
  57. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2001/2001_SV40/01sv40_09.htm#pg123
  58. ^ Cars with the B4204T3 engine - Carfolio.com
  59. ^ a b c http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2004/2004_S40-V40/04sv40_09.htm#pg123
  60. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2003/2003_SV40/03sv40_09.htm#pg123
  61. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2004/2004_s40-v40/04sv40_09.htm#pg123
  62. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/volvo2003uk/s40/S40_Tech_Spec.pdf
  63. ^ Cars with the B4204T5 engine - Carfolio.com
  64. ^ a b c d e f g h i https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/S70Specifications1997.pdf
  65. ^ Cars with the B5202S engine - Carfolio.com
  66. ^ Volvo TP 0302207
  67. ^ http://www.r-modelle.info/Bilder/Preisliste%201996%20-%20Auszug%20850.pdf
  68. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/data/850SeriesDataSheet92-94-Sec2.pdf
  69. ^ a b c d e f g h i j https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/TurboEngines70Series.pdf
  70. ^ a b https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/C70-ConvertibleBrochure1999.pdf
  71. ^ 1998 Volvo S80 T5 technical specifications - Carfolio.com
  72. ^ http://www.volvohowto.com/volvo-s80-versions-engines-year-1998-2006-2/
  73. ^ a b http://www.motor-talk.de/forum/aktion/Attachment.html?attachmentId=744432
  74. ^ Cars with the B5204T4 engine - Carfolio.com
  75. ^ a b c d e f https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/C70_August_2002.pdf
  76. ^ a b https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/current/VolvoC70MY05PricesTechSpecs.pdf
  77. ^ Cars with the B5204T5 engine - Carfolio.com
  78. ^ a b c d e f g h http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/cc2aa405feceeda3725fa72c54afa57821895aaf/S80_owners_manual_MY06_DE_tp7811.pdf
  79. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/S80_August_2002.pdf
  80. ^ a b c http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/3d90ce6f72a14bb3bca3648da25ad0b153d75795/S60_owners_manual_MY13_de-DE_TP_15223.pdf
  81. ^ Cars with the B5204T8 engine - Carfolio.com
  82. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v40/2014/specifications
  83. ^ a b c d http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/dd9f4592e0793b7fdddbded92780f57ca110f788/V60_owners_manual_MY13_de-DE_TP_15244.pdf
  84. ^ Cars with the B5204T9 engine - Carfolio.com
  85. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/bcf91d53c8235c5908b3f0f0bb913081e22a48c4/S80L_owners_manual_MY15_zh_CN_tp17641.pdf
  86. ^ a b c https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/850T5PressRelease1993.pdf
  87. ^ http://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/carmag-wp/carmag/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/28073623/Volvo-850-T5-Sportwagon-1.jpg
  88. ^ a b c http://www.volvotips.com/brochures/850/Volvo-850-modelyear-1996-NL-Dutch-brochure.pdf
  89. ^ Cars with the B5234T3 engine - Carfolio.com
  90. ^ a b c d e f g h i j http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2000/2000_SV70/00sv70_09.htm#pg135
  91. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/C70Specifications1997.pdf
  92. ^ http://www.r-modelle.info/850%20R.html
  93. ^ a b c http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1997/1997_VIN-VIC/vin1997.html
  94. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_VIN-VIC/vin1995.html
  95. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1996/1996_VIN-VIC/vin1996.html
  96. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1997/1997_VIN-VIC/vin1997.html
  97. ^ a b c http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1999/1999_VIN-VIC/vin1999.html
  98. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/2d66f003a68c1bdc5a16edabf3a1609b7aaececd/S80_owners_manual_MY04_DE_tp6704.pdf
  99. ^ a b c d e http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1999/1999_SV70/99sv70_133.htm#pg135
  100. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2004/2004_C70/04c70c_09.htm#pg127
  101. ^ a b c d https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/S80_Jan_2003.pdf
  102. ^ http://www.autoevolution.com/cars/renault-safrane-1996.html
  103. ^ http://www.autoweek.nl/autoreview/20271/renault-safrane-rxe-25
  104. ^ Cars with the B5244S2 engine - Carfolio.com
  105. ^ Cars with the B5244S4 engine - Carfolio.com
  106. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/2d2bb6f4b4b2474c4c182b19e60ad80a8f5743b1/C30_owners_manual_MY07_DE_tp8790.pdf
  107. ^ Cars with the B5244S5 engine - Carfolio.com
  108. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/91cb9e8154af1e56c0809d2ab0c836036b593423/C70_owners_manual_MY06_DE_tp8339.pdf
  109. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/534784bf53d88a13c30fdc5192ca07953c760730/C70_owners_manual_MY10_DE_tp10879.pdf
  110. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/eb7c9c72c87900dca6af7769e29f98c18903b008/C70_owners_manual_MY07_DE_tp8994.pdf
  111. ^ a b c https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/NewCarFeatures2006-Technical.pdf
  112. ^ a b https://www.motor-talk.de/forum/aktion/Attachment.html?attachmentId=570892
  113. ^ a b c http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/12393bca5bcab29dc10098ec8da6e65f03a63c21/S60_owners_manual_MY05_DE_tp7507.pdf
  114. ^ a b https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/current/VolvoBiFuelBrochureMay2003.pdf
  115. ^ a b c http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2000/2000_C70/00c70_09.htm#pg123
  116. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2002/2002_C70/02c70c_09.htm#pg131
  117. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/80e66e3476b88097336326f28db801657635a93a/V70_owners_manual_MY05_DE_tp7553.pdf
  118. ^ Cars with the B5244T5 engine - Carfolio.com
  119. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/presskits/S60_MY2005.pdf
  120. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2005/2005_V70/05v70_09.htm#pg163
  121. ^ a b http://esd.volvocars.com/site/owners-information/MY06/V70/V70_owners_manual_MY06_DE_tp8172.pdf
  122. ^ Cars with the B5252 engine - Carfolio.com
  123. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1996/1996_850/96850_901.htm#pg9.3
  124. ^ a b http://www.motordays.com/newcar/articles/v7019990319/
  125. ^ http://www.motor-talk.de/bilder/hallole-erst-einmal-g31221570/volvo-850-bi-fuel-8-i203677816.html
  126. ^ a b https://www.theaa.com/staticdocs/pdf/carreports/AA_REPORTS/VOLVO_V70_BI-FUEL_R9811A.PDF
  127. ^ a b http://www.csaregistries.ca/registry/out/C912-09AUG96-RPT.PDF
  128. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=X0wnNJ6gTa8C&printsec=frontcover&hl=de#v=onepage&q&f=false
  129. ^ http://www.garaget.org/?car=266313
  130. ^ http://www.garaget.org/?car=266313&image=3222299
  131. ^ https://www.coloribus.com/adsarchive/prints/volvo-v70-bi-fuel-1053205/
  132. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_VIN-VIC/vin1995.html
  133. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1997/1997_850/97850_901.htm#9:3
  134. ^ part number 9133198
  135. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1993/1993_VIN-VIC/vin1993.html
  136. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1994/1994_VIN-VIC/vin1994.html
  137. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1998/1998_SV70/98sv70_133.htm#pg135
  138. ^ "B5254T, 850" (PDF). Volvo Cars. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
  139. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1998/1998_C70/98c70_36.htm#pg125
  140. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/current/V70_Fullprod_spec_July2003.pdf
  141. ^ Cars with the B5254T2 engine - Carfolio.com
  142. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2004/2004_s60/04s60_12.htm#pg155
  143. ^ a b https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/current/2004_V70_Brochure.pdf
  144. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2005/2005_XC90/05xc90_10.htm#pg172
  145. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/S40MY2005-Engines.pdf
  146. ^ a b http://www.celtictuning.co.uk/pages/publications/Ford_Focus_ST%202.5%20Turbo%20221bhp.pdf
  147. ^ http://theeshadow.com/files/S40MY2005/S40MY2005-Engines.pdf
  148. ^ a b http://www.autocar.co.uk/car-review/ford/mondeo/first-drives/ford-mondeo-2.5t
  149. ^ a b http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/ford/focus/17823/ford-focus-rs500
  150. ^ http://workshop-manuals.com/ford/focus_2004.75_07.2004/mechanical_repairs/3_powertrain/303_engine/303-01d_engine_2.5l_duratec-st_(vi5)/specifications/
  151. ^ http://www.autoeder.de/media/image/neuwagen/focus_2008.pdf
  152. ^ http://www.originalanleitungen.de/pdfs/Ford091_Inhalt.pdf
  153. ^ Cars with the B5254T3 engine - Carfolio.com
  154. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2005/2005_V50/05v50_12a.htm#pg190
  155. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2006/2006_C70/06c70_11.htm#pg192
  156. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2007/2007_C70/07c70_11.htm#pg241
  157. ^ http://www.autobild.de/artikel/fahrbericht-ford-focus-st-53210.html
  158. ^ http://www.focus.de/auto/fahrberichte/tid-6044/fahrbericht-ford-focus-st_aid_59042.html
  159. ^ a b http://www.autoeder.de/media/image/Preisliste%20Focus%20RS.pdf
  160. ^ http://www.autobild.de/marken-modelle/ford/focus-rs/mk-2/
  161. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/2004r/R5-Engines.pdf
  162. ^ a b http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2007/2007_v70/07v70_10.htm#pg223
  163. ^ Cars with the B5254T4 engine - Carfolio.com
  164. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/e1b0d9e504448108a7979ee20d41582087600c32/V70_owners_manual_MY07_DE_tp9039.pdf
  165. ^ http://esd.volvocars.com/local/us/2012-Volvo-S60-Owners-Manual.pdf
  166. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/62d225b5b06189ad40147a4237a0db74cda0bdb0/S80_owners_manual_MY07_DE_tp8854.pdf
  167. ^ http://www.berliner-zeitung.de/archiv/ford-mondeo-turnier-2-5-t--titanium--im-test-ausnahmsweise,10810590,10492134.html
  168. ^ http://www.evo.co.uk/ford/s-max
  169. ^ Cars with the B5254T7 engine - Carfolio.com
  170. ^ http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2009/2009_S40/S40_OM_US_MY09-web.pdf
  171. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/webmanuals/c30/C30_owners_manual_EN_MY09_tp10119.pdf
  172. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/281276cd5a1bbe1f5490cd147374c75ea750be0f/C70_owners_manual_MY12_DE_tp13984.pdf
  173. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/e00e3a3ee6c4e65bfb4ee906264114e1952e1cfd/S80_owners_manual_MY10_DE_tp10950.pdf
  174. ^ Cars with the B5254T10 engine - Carfolio.com
  175. ^ http://esd.volvocars.com/site/owners-information/MY12/V70/OM_1146/V70_XC70_owners_manual_MY12_DE_tp14097.pdf
  176. ^ Cars with the B5254T11 engine - Carfolio.com
  177. ^ Cars with the B5254T12 engine - Carfolio.com
  178. ^ http://esd.volvocars.com/local/us/2013-Volvo-S60-Owners-Manual.pdf
  179. ^ https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/xc70/2016/specifications
  180. ^ a b http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y285&my=2016&sw=15w17&article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372
  181. ^ http://accessories.volvocars.com/de-de/V40%20Cross%20Country/Accessories/PrintDocument/VCC-479881/2015
  182. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/0b7570e4ff110df54ae088b2e9f6a9abab8bcac3/V40_owners_manual_MY14_de_DE_TP_16781.pdf
  183. ^ http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/2d998e36e3c397672c395b1744574467ecd335c9/S60_owners_manual_MY14_de-DE_TP_16650.pdf
  184. ^ "Press launch information pack - Volvo 960 1995" (PDF). Volvo Car Corporation. June 1994.
  185. ^ http://accessories.volvocars.com/LegacyCatalog/Pdf/X90_total_FR_GB_NL_DE.pdf
  186. ^ a b c https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/S80TechData1999.pdf
  187. ^ a b c http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1999/1999_S80/99s80_09.htm#pg120
  188. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2002/2002_S80/02s80_09.htm#pg126
  189. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/current/S80_Fullprod_spec_April2003.pdf
  190. ^ Cars with the B6294T engine - Carfolio.com
  191. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2003/2003_S80/03s80_09.htm#pg130
  192. ^ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1996/1996_960/96960_901.htm#pg9:3
  193. ^ http://teknikensvarld.se/svenska-sportbilen-jc-indigo-3000-ateruppstar-169350/
  194. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/vin_80.shtml
  195. ^ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/data/700-900DataSheet91_94-Sec2b.pdf
  196. ^ http://www.volvo-club.cz/engine_detail.php?id=2
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Volvo_Modular_engine&oldid=788666110"