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Kurt Masur

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Kurt Masur
White haired man conducting orchestra without a baton
Masur conducting the San Francisco Symphony in 2007
Born(1927-07-18)18 July 1927
Brieg, Lower Silesia, Weimar Republic
Died19 December 2015(2015-12-19) (aged 88)
Greenwich, Connecticut, U.S. Südfriedhof (Leipzig)
Burial placeSüdfriedhof (Leipzig), Germany
CitizenshipGermany
Alma materUniversity of Music and Theatre Leipzig
OccupationConductor
Years active1955-2014
Organizations
StyleClassical music
Spouse(s)Brigitte Stütze (div. 1966)
Irmgard Elsa Kaul (to 1972, her death)
Tomoko Sakurai (1975 - his death in 2015)
Childrende:Carolin Masur, Ken-David, Angelika, Michael, Matthias
Websitehttp://www.kurtmasur.com/

Kurt Masur (18 July 1927 – 19 December 2015) was a German conductor. Called "one of the last old-style maestros",[1] he directed many of the principal orchestras of his era. He had a long career as the Kapellmeister of the Gewandhaus, and also served as music director of the New York Philharmonic.

Biography

Masur was born in Brieg, Lower Silesia, Germany (now Brzeg in Poland), and studied piano, composition and conducting in Leipzig, Saxony.

At 10 until 16, he took piano lessons with Katharina Hartmann. In 1943 and 1944, he had piano lessons at the Landesmusikschule Breslau, until the schoolboy was forced to join the national militia "Volkssturm" late in 1944.[2] In November 1944, he was sent to fight; "Out of the 150 people of his unit, only 27 survived" before being taken by American and British forces. He was fortunate to survive to age 17.[2]

From 1946 until 1948, he studied conducting, composition and piano at the University of Music and Theatre Leipzig. He left at 21, never finishing his studies, when offered a job as répétiteur at the Landestheater Halle an der Saale.[2]

Kurt Masur, wife Tomoko, daughter Carolin and son Ken David in 1981

Masur was married three times. His first marriage to Brigitte Stütze produced three children, two sons and a daughter, and it ended in divorce in 1966. He and his second wife, Irmgard Elsa Kaul, had a daughter, Carolin.[3] Irmgard Masur died in 1972 in a car accident in which Masur was severely injured.[4] In 1975, he married his third wife, soprano and violist, Tomoko Sakurai: they had one son, Ken-David, a classical singer and conductor.[5]

Conducting career

Masur conducted the Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra for three years ending in 1958 and again from 1967 to 1972. He also worked with the Komische Oper of East Berlin. In 1970, he became Kapellmeister of the Gewandhausorchester Leipzig, serving in that post until 1996. With that orchestra, he performed Beethoven's ninth symphony at the celebration of German reunification in 1990.[6]

In 1991, Masur became music director of the New York Philharmonic (NYP). In that capacity, he directed the Philharmonic in a performance of Brahms's Deutsches Requiem in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001.[6] During his tenure, there were reports of tension between Masur and the NYP's Executive Director at the time, Deborah Borda, which eventually contributed to his contract not being renewed beyond 2002.[7] In a television interview with Charlie Rose, Masur stated that regarding his leaving the NYP, "it was not my wish".[8] Masur stood down as the NYP's music director in 2002 and was named its Music Director Emeritus, a new title created for him. The critical consensus was that Masur improved the playing of the orchestra over his tenure.[9]

In 2000, Masur became principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra (LPO) and held this position until 2007. In April 2002, Masur became music director of the Orchestre National de France (ONF) and served in this post until 2008,[10] when he took the title of honorary music director of the ONF. On his 80th birthday, 18 July 2007, Masur conducted musicians from both orchestras at a Proms concert in London.[11] Masur held the lifetime title of Honorary Guest Conductor of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2012, following a series of cancellations of concert engagements, Masur disclosed on his website that he had Parkinson's Disease.[12]

Political views

Although Masur spent most of his professional career in East Germany, he never joined the SED.[13] In 1982, he received the National Prize of East Germany. His attitude to the regime began to change in 1989, after the arrest of a street musician in Leipzig.[14] On 9 October 1989, he intervened in anti-government demonstrations in Leipzig in communist East Germany, negotiating an end to a confrontation that could have resulted in security forces attacking the protesters.[15]

Death

Kurt Masur burial site in Südfriedhof (Leipzig)

In 2015, Masur died at the age of 88 in Greenwich, Connecticut, from complications of Parkinson's disease. His funeral was held in Leipzig, with music by the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. Burial took place in the South Leipzig Cemetery, called Südfriedhof (Leipzig). He is survived by his third wife and their son, as well as his daughters Angelika and Carolin, his sons, Ken-David, Michael and Matthias, and nine grandchildren.[4]

Awards

A professor at the Leipzig Academy of Music since 1975, Masur received numerous honors. In 1995, he received the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany; in 1996 he received the Gold Medal of Honor for Music from the National Arts Club; in 1997 he received the titles of Commander of the Legion of Honor from the French government, and New York City Cultural Ambassador from the City of New York; in April 1999 he received the Commander Cross of Merit of the Polish Republic; in March 2002, the President of Germany, Johannes Rau, awarded him the Cross with Star of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany; in September 2007, the President of Germany, Horst Köhler, bestowed upon him the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit with Star and Ribbon; in September 2008, he received the Wilhelm Furtwängler Prize in Bonn, Germany. Masur was also an Honorary Citizen of his hometown Brieg. In 2001, Kurt Masur became an Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music.[16] In 2010, he received the Leo Baeck Medal (Leo Baeck Institute) for his humanitarian work promoting tolerance and social justice. He received a Goldene Henne [de] award in 2014 for his work in public policy.[17]

On July 18, 2018, which would have been Masur's 91st birthday, Google featured him in a Google Doodle in the United States, Germany, Belarus, Iceland, and Japan.[18]

References

  1. ^ "In praise of... Kurt Masur". Opinion: classical music. The Guardian. 18 July 2007. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
  2. ^ a b c "Kurt Masur biography: The early years of the conductor". Cosmopolis. 1 January 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  3. ^ Tagliabue, John (2 January 1992). "Kurt Masur in Leipzig: A Favorite Son at Home". New York Times. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  4. ^ a b Fox, Margalit; Oestreich, James R. (19 December 2015). "Kurt Masur Dies at 88; Conductor Transformed New York Philharmonic". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 December 2015. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  5. ^ Shihoten, Kevin (18 July 2007). "Ken Masur Named Resident Conductor of San Antonio Symphony". Playbill Arts. Retrieved 24 July 2007.
  6. ^ a b Pengelly, Martin (19 December 2015). "Kurt Masur, great conductor who led New York Philharmonic, dies at 88". The Guardian. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
  7. ^ Sandow, Greg (5 June 2002). "Kurt, We Hardly Knew Ye". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 7 October 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2007. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Interview with Kurt Masur". The Charlie Rose Show (Interview). Interviewed by Charlie Rose. PBS. 21 May 2002. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2007. {{cite interview}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ Davis, Peter G. (17 June 2002). "Soul Man". New York. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  10. ^ Westphal, Matthew (23 July 2007). "Daniele Gatti to Succeed Kurt Masur at Orchestre National de France". Playbill Arts. Retrieved 24 July 2007.
  11. ^ Hall, George (20 July 2007). "LPO/ONF/Masur". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 July 2007.
  12. ^ Smith, Steve (10 November 2012). "A Maestro Returns With a Brahms Double Concerto and a Surprise Soloist". New York Times. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  13. ^ Tsioulcas, Anastasia (19 December 2015). "Remembering Kurt Masur, the Conductor Who Rebuilt the New York Philharmonic". NPR.
  14. ^ Walsh, Michael (23 April 1990). "New York Gets a Revolutionary". Time. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
  15. ^ Gaddis, John Lewis (2005). The Cold War: A New History. New York: Penguin Press. ISBN 978-1-59420-062-5.
  16. ^ "Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music". Royal Academy of Music. 14 October 2009. Archived from the original on 3 December 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ "Kurt Masur – Biography". Kurt Masur, official site. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
  18. ^ "Kurt Masur's 91st Birthday". 17 June 2018.
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