Baronage of Scotland

Ayton Castle, Scottish Borders, caput of the feudal barony of Ayton. Built in 1851 in the Scottish Baronial style by William Mitchell-Innes, then feudal baron of Ayton, to the design of James Gillespie Graham

In Scotland, a baron is the head of a feudal barony, also known as a prescriptive barony. This used to be attached to a particular piece of land on which was situated the caput (Latin for "head") or essence of the barony, normally a building, such as a castle or manor house. Accordingly, the owner of the piece of land containing the caput was called a baron (or baroness).

The Court of the Lord Lyon issued a ruling in April 2015 that recognises a person possessing the dignity of baron and other feudal titles (lordship/earl/marquis). The Lord Lyon King of Arms now prefers the approach of recognizing the particular feudal noble dignity as expressed in the Crown Charter that the petitioner presents. These titles are recognised as the status of a minor baron but not a peer. Scottish feudal baronies may be passed to any person, of either sex, by inheritance or conveyance.

Scotland has a distinct legal system within the United Kingdom. Historically, in the Kingdom of Scotland, the Lord Lyon King of Arms, as the Sovereign's minister in matters armorial, is at once herald and judge. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is a Lord of Parliament.

History

A "Scottish Prescriptive Barony by Tenure" was, from 1660 until 2004, the feudal description of the only genuine degree of title of UK nobility capable of being bought and sold (along with the caput, or property), rather than passing strictly by blood inheritance.

Statutes of 1592 and the Baronetcy Warrants of King Charles I show the non-peerage Table of Precedence as: Baronets, Knights, Barons and Lairds, Esquire and Gentlemen.

A General Register of Sasines was set up by Statute in 1617, with entry in the Register giving the prescriptive right (right by normal or correct usage), after so many years, to the caput or essence of the barony. The individual who owned the said piece of land containing the caput was hence the baron or baroness. Uncertainty over armorial right was removed by the Lyon Register being set up by Statute in 1672, such that no arms were to be borne in Scotland unless validly entered in Lyon Register.

Up until 1874, each new baron was confirmed in his barony by the Crown by Charter of Confirmation. Up until 28 November 2004, a barony was an estate of land held directly of the Crown, or the Prince and Great Steward of Scotland. It was an essential element of a barony title that there existed a Crown Charter erecting the land into a barony, recorded in the Register of the Great Seal of Scotland. Often the original Charter was later lost, however an Official Extract has the same legal status as the original Charter.

From the Treaty of Union of 1707 - until 1999 - a unified Parliament of Great Britain (since January, 1801, known as the Parliament of the United Kingdom), at Westminster, was responsible for passing legislation affecting private law both north and south of the Scottish border. In 1999, the devolved Scottish Parliament was established, and private law measures can now be passed at Holyrood, the seat of the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh.

Using a "prescriptive feudal grant" allowed developers to impose perpetual conditions affecting the land. The courts became willing to accept the validity of such obligations, which became known as "real burdens". In practical and commercial terms, these real burdens were like English leasehold tenure.

Abolition of feudal tenure

The first Scottish Executive was committed to abolishing the anachronism of the feudal system. On 28 November 2004, the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 came into full force and effect, putting an end to Scotland's feudal system. Under Scots law, a Scottish Prescriptive Barony by Tenure is now "incorporeal feudal heritage", not attached to the land and remains the only genuine, prescriptive, degree of title of UK nobility capable of being bought and sold – since under Section 63(1) of the Act, the dignity of baron is preserved after the abolition of the feudal system. However, the Abolition Act did end the ability to get feudal land privileges by inheriting or acquiring the caput (land or castle) in Scotland. In common law jurisdictions, land may still be owned and inherited through a barony if the land is titled in "the Baron of X" as baron rather than in the individual's name. In America, it passes with the barony as a fee simple appurtenance to an otherwise incorporeal hereditament, the barony being treated like a landowning corporation. In Scotland, the practice has not been tested in a Court of Session case since the Act.

What is possibly the oldest barony in Scotland, the Barony of the Bachuil, has not depended on land ownership for centuries; the barony passes along with the possession of a certain ancient stick, "The Bachuil Mór", which was once the bishop's staff of the Pictish Saint Moluag in the year 562. Unlike all other barons in Scotland, the lawful possessor of the stick is the Baron of the Bachuil, regardless of landholdings.

After 28 November 2004 under Scots law, a Scottish barony, which was previously Scottish heritable property (real property), became incorporeal heritable property (not attached to the land). Prior to the Act coming into effect, Scottish feudal baronies (including lordships and earldoms) were the only genuine title of UK nobility capable of being transferred following the sale of land containing a caput (or the sale of a feudal superiority).

Most baronies were created (erected) prior to 1745, but one was erected as late as 1824. Since the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 came into effect, the Lord Lyon, who is the Chief Herald of Scotland, has restored a more traditional form to the coat of arms of a baron. Barons are now identified by the helm befitting their degree. A new policy statement has been made by the Lord Lyon to this effect.

Independent Scots legal advice should always be taken before entering into any contract that claims to offer a baronial title for sale. The holder of the dignity of a barony may petition the Lord Lyon for a grant of arms, as he falls under the jurisdiction of the Lyon's Court. A policy statement has been made to this effect by the Lord Lyon. The Lyon Court has no jurisdiction in relation to the assignation, or legal transfer of, feudal titles. Any prospective purchaser should seek specialist independent Scots legal advice.

Usage

An English barony is a peerage (yet the abolition act of 1660 allows for some remaining non-peer baronies not converted by writ to remain as feudal baronies of free socage "incorporeal hereditament"), but whether Scottish barons rightfully rank as peers is disputable. They are known as minor barons currently treated as noble titles of less than peerage rank. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is "Lord of Parliament".

The feudal baronial title tends to be used when a landed family is not in possession of any United Kingdom peerage title of higher rank, subsequently granted, or has been created a knight of the realm. The name recorded by the Lord Lyon as part of any grant of arms or matriculation becomes the holder's name for all official purposes.

The holder of a Scottish barony (e.g., "Inverglen") may add the title to his existing name (e.g., "John Smith, Baron of Inverglen") or add the territorial designation to his surname if still in possession of the caput ("John Smith of Inverglen, Baron of Inverglen"); some of the oldest Scottish families prefer to be styled by the territorial designation alone ("Smith of Inverglen"). Formal and in writing, they are styled as The Much Honoured Baron of Inverglen. A baron may be addressed socially as "Inverglen" or "Baron," and introduced in the third person as "John Smith of Inverglen, Baron of Inverglen" or "The Baron of Inverglen". When referred to informally in the third person it is incorrect to refer to him as "Baron Inverglen" or "Lord Inverglen", as these would imply a peerage title (i.e. Lord of Parliament) A married couple may be styled "The Baron and Baroness of Inverglen", "Inverglen and Madam Smith of Inverglen", "Inverglen and Lady Inverglen", or "The Baron of Inverglen and Lady Inverglen." The oldest son of a feudal baron may be known by his father's territorial designation with the addition of "yr" (abbreviation for "younger"), as in "John Smith of Inverglen, yr" and the eldest daughter if heir apparent is entitled to use the courtesy title "Maid of [Barony]" at the end of her name.

The United Kingdom policy of using titles on passports requires that the applicant provides evidence that the Lord Lyon has recognised a feudal barony, or the title is included in Burke's Peerage. If accepted (and if the applicant wishes to include the title), the correct form is for the applicant to include the territorial designation as part of their surname (Surname of territorial designation e.g. Smith of Inverglen). The Observation would then show the holder's full name, followed by their feudal title e.g. The holder is John Smith, Baron of Inverglen.

Scottish heraldry

A Scottish baron's helmet

The former Lord Lyon declined to award the following baronial additaments to the arms of those feudal barons registering arms now that the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 is in force. However, the current Lord Lyon has confirmed in a recent policy statement that he will officially recognise feudal barons or those possessing the dignity of baron who meet certain conditions and will grant them arms with a helmet befitting their degree. Scottish Barons rank below Lords of Parliament; while noble, they are not conventionally considered peerage titles. Unlike others, the titles can be hereditary or bought and sold.

In showing that Scottish barons are titles of nobility, reference may be made, amongst others, to Lyon Court in the Petition of Maclean of Ardgour for a Birthbrieve by Interlocutor dated 26 February 1943 which "Finds and Declares that the Minor Barons of Scotland are, and have both in this Nobiliary Court, and in the Court of Session, been recognised as 'titled' nobility, and that the estait of the Baronage (The Barones Minores) is of the ancient Feudal Nobility of Scotland".

Sir Thomas Innes of Learney in his 'Scots Heraldry' (2nd Ed., p. 88, note 1) states that 'The Act 1672, cap 47, specially qualifies the degrees thus: Nobles (i.e. peers, the term being here used in a restricted seventeenth-century English sense), Barons (i.e. Lairds of baronial fiefs and their "heirs", who, even if fiefless, are equivalent to heads of Continental baronial houses) and Gentlemen (apparently all other armigers).' Baronets and knights are evidently classed as 'Gentlemen' here and are of a lower degree than Barons. The Scottish Head of Baronial Houses, includes all the various styles and titles which designate the territorial nobility i.e. baron of X.

Barons may also wear two eagle feathers when in traditional dress. If the baron is a member of a clan, it is advisable to consult the clan chief on clan customs and traditions. The Lord Lyon only gives guidance and not governance on the wearing of feathers and recommends consulting with a clan chief.

Chapeau

An azure chapeau

Previously, between the 1930s and 2004, when new arms were granted or a matriculation of existing arms took note of a barony, the owner was given a chapeau or cap of maintenance as part of his armorial achievement on petitioning for the same. This chapeau is described as "gules doubled ermine" for barons in possession of the caput of the barony. An azure chapeau is appropriate for the heirs of ancient baronial families who are no longer owners of the estates. This chapeau was a relatively recent armorial invention of the late Lord Lyon Thomas Innes of Learney. Accordingly, a number of ancient arms of feudal barons do not display the chapeau, and now it is no longer granted.

At the Treaty of Perth in 1266, Norway relinquished its claim to the Hebrides and Man, and they became part of Scotland. In 1292, Argyll was created a shire and "The Barons of all Argyll and the Foreigners' Isles", which had preceded the kingdom of Scotland, became eligible to attend the "Scots" Parliament – appearing in the record of the parliament at St. Andrews in 1309. Historically they have a chapeau, "gules doubled ermines", ermines being white tails on black.

There is a unique exception: the Barony of the Bachuil is not of feudal origin like other baronies but is allodial in that it predates (562 A.D.) Scotland itself and the feudal system, dating from the Gaelic Kingdom of Dál Riata. In recognition as allodial Barons par la grâce de Dieu not barons by a feudal crown grant, the Baron of the Bachuil has the only chapeau allowed to have a vair (squirrel fur) lining.

A chapeau, if part of an armorial achievement, is placed into the space directly above the shield and below the helmet. It may otherwise be used on a visiting card, the flap of an envelope, or to ensign the circlet of a crest badge as used on a bonnet.

Feudo-baronial mantle

The historical Scottish baron's mantle and chapeau from the 1930s to 2004, which are no longer granted

Particularly Scottish in character is the feudo-baronial mantle or robe of estate - described as gules doubled silk argent, fur-edged of miniver and collared in ermine, fastened on the right shoulder by five spherical buttons Or. This may be displayed in a pavilioned form, draped behind the complete achievement of arms - or the armorial shield alone - tied open with cords and tassels, and surmounted by the chapeau. Again, Lord Lyon is no longer granting these heraldic mantles.

Helmet

The helmet is now the chief mode of recognition of a Scottish baron. The Lord Lyon has adopted a steel helm with grille of three grilles, garnished in gold, as the current baronial additament. Alternatively, a feudal steel tilting helm garnished in gold, that may be shown affronté, may appear, or a helmet of some other degree if the baron holds a higher rank, such as a lordship of parliament.

Supporters

Supporters, are now usually reserved for the holders of the older baronies (chartered before 1587) and those that have been in continuous family ownership. In England, supporters are reserved for the peerage, and a Scottish baron who approaches the English College of Arms is not allowed supporters. A compartment has occasionally been granted to barons, representing their territories, even in cases where there are no supporters.

Badge

A badge – distinct from the crest – as a separate armorial device, is not necessarily a feature of the arms. The badge may be used by the "tail" or following of a landowner baron. The grant is linked to the baron's standard, a heraldic flag, in the livery colours that carries a large representation of the badge. The standard is blazoned in the grant or matriculation. The livery colours are usually the two most prominent colours of the arms themselves.

Flags

A Standard – an elongated shape, tapering from 1.2 m down to 60 cm, with the fly edge split and rounded (lanceolate). The length is according to rank, from 7.5 m for the Sovereign down to 3.5 m for a Knight, Baron or Chief. It bears the Arms as on the shield or the saltire in the hoist, with the tail parted per fess with the Crest, Badge and/or Supporter, plus the motto on one or more Ribands. The Standard is set before the Baron/Chief's tent (as it's a "Headquarters" flag and does not indicate that the Armiger is in residence) rather than carried like the banner. A Standard requires a separate grant by the Lord Lyon and is only made under certain conditions.

A Guidon – one-third shorter than a Standard and tapering to a round, unsplit end at the fly. These are assigned by Lord Lyon to individuals who have Supporters to their Arms, and to others who have a following – those in a position of leadership or some official position.

A Pennon – a smaller, elongated flag 4 ft long with a pointed, rounded or swallow-tailed end, designed to be displayed on a lance, assigned by Lord Lyon to an Armiger who applies for one. It is charged with the motto of the armiger as well as the arms as on the shield.

A Banner – a square or rectangular upright representation of the Arms designed for carrying in warfare or tournaments, but now flown as a "house flag" when the Armiger is in residence and is NOT the flag of the Clan or Family. Originally, conspicuous gallantry in battle was marked by cutting off the tail of the Standard or Pennon, turning it into a Banner. Strictly speaking, the sizes and shapes are:

Square banner – Sovereign, 1.5 m square; Dukes; 1.25 m sq; Earls, 1.1 m sq; Viscounts and Barons, 1 m sq; Baronets and feudal barons, 0.9 m sq; other Armigers, 70 cm wide x 85 cm high

Rectangular banner – typically in the ratio 3:2, or 5:4 when flown as the "house flag" of an Armiger.

Carrying flag – this should be sized as follows (width x height): Peers, 1.2 m x 1.5 m; Feudal Barons, 90 cm x 115 cm; Chiefs, 85 cm x 110 cm; Chieftains, 80 cm x 90 cm.

A Ensign may be occasionally granted and blazoned. This is a square flag, smaller than the flying banner, and carrying the full embroidered achievement (arms, crest, motto), again fringed in livery colours.

A Pipe banner – rather similar to a Banner, but of a size to fit on the longest drone of the pipes (usually 45 cm) and richly decorated with gold fringing, tassles and the like. The pipe banner for a Chief who is also a Peer or a Feudal Baron should have a rounded end extending beyond the length, and any other Chief a split rounded end. A feudal baron is authorised two pipers.

List of Feudal Baronies (created before 1707)

Below is a list of some Scottish feudal baronies created before 1707; this list does not include Scottish feudal baronies created between that year and 1838 (BGH), when the most recent creation of a Scottish feudal barony occurred.

When updating this list, please create for each new entry a separate, wikified article titled "Scottish feudal barony of X", which records a brief biography of the previous incumbent and is wikilinked to this list. Please do not simply delete the name of the previous incumbent. Individual articles should be produced for the history of each barony, except that where few or no verifiable and detailed sources exist, histories should start with the current or previous holder and may take the form of sections within existing articles on the caput's village, town, or castle.

Barony	County	Created	Baron	Succeeded
Abbotshall	Fife		Harold Peerenboom
Abergeldie	Aberdeenshire		John Gordon	1963
Abernethy	Perthshire		Mahfouz Marei Mubarak bin Mahfouz	2008
Aboyne	Aberdeenshire	1660	Granville, 13th Marquess of Huntly
Aden	Aberdeenshire	1333	Alexander Russell of Aden	2015
Aiket	Ayrshire
Alford
Alforshire			Charles A. Cogdill
Anstruther & Balcaskie			Sir Ralph Anstruther
Arbroath	Angus		Alan Bartlett of Arbroath
Ardblair & Gask	Perthshire		Laurence Oliphant	1979
Ardgour	Argyllshire		Giancarlo Bonifazi	1998
Ardgowan	Renfrewshire		Professor Stephen Kerr
Ardrossan	Ayrshire	1357	Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton, 7th Earl of Winton	2018
Ardgrain	Aberdeenshire		Pepijn Oscar Hendriks	2013
Ardoch	Dumbarton		Professor Thomas Mackay	1987
Arndilly	Morayshire		David Menzies of Arndilly
Arnisdale	Ross and Cromarty		William Paterson of Arnisdale
Arnot	Fife	16th century	Willem C. G. Blanken
Arran	Ayrshire		Willi Ernst Sturzenegger	1995
Auchendarroch	Argyllshire		Keir Campbell of Auchendarroch
Auchindoir	Aberdeenshire		Alisdair Barlas of Auchindoir
Auchinleck	Ayrshire		Valentine Bennett of Auchinleck
Auchmacoy	Aberdeenshire		David Buchan of Auchmacoy
Auchtermunzie	Fife	1437	Fernando Gutierrez-Eddy of Auchtermunzie	2002
Auchterutherstruther	Fife		Abigail Busch Reisinger	2004
Auchreoch	Perthshire		Martin Cruikshank	1976
Ayton	Berwickshire		Ian Liddell-Grainger	2007
Badenscoth	Aberdeen	1823	Kevin Peng Xu	2019
Balcaskie	Fife		Major Timothy Strange
Baldoon	Wigtownshire		Christopher Busch Reisinger
Balfluig	Aberdeenshire		Mark Tennant of Balfluig
Ballencrieff	East Lothian		Moray James Nairn	2011
Ballencrieff	West Lothian		Junaid Abbas Bhatti
Ballindalloch	Banffshire		Clare Russell, Lady of Ballindalloch
Ballumbie	Angus		Robert Williamson of Ballumbie	1997
Balmore (also known as Dalmore)	Dunbartonshire	1478
Balquhain	Aberdeenshire		Nelson Lee Len Ying	1995
Balvaird	Perthshire	1624	Brady Brim-DeForest	2017
Balvenie	Banffshire		Jeremy Nicholson of Balvenie	2009
Banchory	Kincardineshire		Kenneth Lumsden of Banchory
Bannockburn	Stirlingshire	Early 14th century	Hope Vere Anderson of Bannockburn	2016
Barnbarroch			James Vans of Barnbarroch
Barnis Forbes	Aberdeenshire		Daphne Romy, Lady of Barnis Forbes
Barnton	Edinburgh		Professor Markus Frank	2016
Barra	Invernessshire		Roderick MacNeil of Barra	2010
Bathgate
Bearcrofts	Stirling	1697	Charles A. Cree	2011
Beauly
Belton	East Lothian	Before 1468	Ian Graham Rennie	2002
Bedrule	Berwickshire		Wallace Turnbull of Bedrule	2015
Biggar	Lanarkshire		Charles Ross of Biggar
Benholm	Kincardine		Roderick Strachan of Benholm
Blackburn			Professor Ranjit Chandra
Blackford	Perthshire		Richard Welkowitz	1999
Blackhall	Renfrewshire	1395	Robert Gillespie OBE	2002
Blair			Alfred Glenn of Blair	1997
Blairbuis			Timothy Busch Reisinger
Bognie, Mountblairy & Frendraught	Banffshire		Alexander Morison of Bognie
Bombie	Kirkcudbrightshire		Professor Barrie Pettman
Botile (Buittle)	Kirkcudbrightshire	1315
Braemar	Royal Deeside	10th Century	John Sullivan of Braemar	2004
Brigton	Angus	1761	Marion Douglas, Lady of Brigton	1938
Buchan Forest	Kirkcudbrightshire		Timothy Busch Reisinger
Buncle and Preston	Berwickshire		Olivier Fuchs
Buquhollie & Freswick	Caithness		Ivor John Spencer-Thomas of Buquhollie & Freswick
Busbye	Wigtownshire	Early 16th century
Byres	East Lothian	1366	Paul Kayley of Byres, Baron of Byres	2003
Calder	West Lothian	14th century	James, 15th Lord Torphichen	1975
Cambusnethan	Lanarkshire	1315	Terence Alvis of Lee	1988
Carmichael	Lanarkshire		Richard Carmichael
Carnoustie	Angus		James Langan of Carnoustie
Carnysmul Carnysmule Carnymul Carnesmole Carnysmolle (Kirkinner)	Wigtownshire	1372
Carstairs	Lanarkshire		Christopher Busch Reisinger
Cartsburn	Renfrewshire	1669	Dr. Pier Felice degli Uberti	2010
Castlehill	Inverness	1411	Simon Frasier, Lord Lovat	2018
Castle Stewart
Cavers, Scotland	Roxburgh	16th Century	Prof. Andre Douglas Nathaniel-Rock	2004
Chirnside	Berwickshire
Clackmannan	Clackmannanshire	1334
Clary			Hope Reisinger Cobera
Cleghorn	Lanarkshire		Andrew Macmillan of Cleghorn
Clerkington	Haddington	1369-1406
Closeburn	Dumfriesshire		Luis Kirkpatrick
Clugstoun Clugistoun	Wigtownshire	Before 1471
Cluny	Aberdeenshire		Cosmo Linzee Gordon of Cluny	2010
Cluny	Fife		Stuart Crane of Cluny	1997
Cockburn	Berwickshire		Olivier Fuchs	2008
Cockenzie			Robert Garrison of Cockenzie
Coigach	Wester Ross	1511	Christopher Devonshire-Ellis	2011
Coldingham	Berwickshire		Dr Peter Leando	2012
Coldingknows (see Cowdenknowes)	Roxburgh	1634	Mark Harden of Coldingknows
Coll-Earn & Elphinstone	Stirlingshire		Bailey McCune	1988
Colstoun	East Lothian		Ludovic Broun-Lindsay
Corrachree	Aberdeenshire		Alexander Barlas of Corrachree
Corsewall			Timothy Busch Reisinger
Corstorphine		1431	Michael Milne of Corstorphine	2005
Cowdenknowes [1]	Roxburgh	1634	Mark Harden of Cowdenknowes	2002
Cowie	Aberdeenshire
Cowie	Stirlingshire	1563	Professor Alan Dennis	2020
Coxton	Morayshire	1686	Sir David Innes
Craichlaw Crachlew Crauchlew Crachlow Craichlew Craichlo	Wigtownshire	Before 1459
Craighall	Fife		Roger Alexander Lindsay
Craigie	Angus (Forfar)	1666	Rabbi Robert Thomas	2011
Craigievar	Aberdeenshire		Sir John Alexander Forbes
Craigmillar	Edinburgh	1511	Captain Brian Lawrence Williamson
Crawford	Fife
Crichton	Midlothian		Henry Burn-Callander
Crimond	Aberdeenshire		Raymond Carnegie of Crimond
Cromar	Aberdeenshire
Cromarty	Cromartyshire		John Nightingale of Cromarty
Crommey	Banffshire		Michael Innes	1978
Cruggleton Crigitoun	Wigtownshire	Before 1325
Culbin	Morayshire		William Busch Reisinger
Cumbernauld	Lanarkshire	1314
Cushnie	Aberdeenshire		Alan Robertson of Cushnie	2004
Dairsie	Fife		Christopher Ruffle of Dairsie
Danira and Comrie
Delvine	Perthshire	15th century	Dr Lars J C Lindberg	2008
Denboig	Fife	1657	Kenneth MacLean of Denboig
Denny	Stirlingshire	16th century	Alessandro Pompili	2011
Dinnet	Aberdeenshire		J. M. Marcus Humphrey
Dirleton	East Lothian	1220	Camilo Agasim-Pereira	2000
Dolphinstoun	East Lothian	Before 1700	Dr Julian Wills	2000
Drum	Kincardineshire	1323	Alexander Irvine of Drum	2019
Drylaw	Edinburgh
Duart & Morvern	Argyll	1631	Sir Lachlan MacLean	1990
Dudhope	Angus	1542
Dunconnel	Argyll	1400	Sir Charles MacLean
Duncrub	Perthshire		Douglas Smith of Duncrub
Dunure	Ayrshire		Brendan Clouston of Dunure	1997
Earlshall	Fife		Lt Col Paul Veenhuijzen
Echlin	Edinburgh		Rainer Kensy	2002
Edingight	Banffshire		John Innes of Edingight
Elie & St Monans	Fife
Esslemont	Aberdeenshire		Charles Wolrige-Gordon	1976
Eyemouth	Berwickshire		John Churchill of Eyemouth	1682
Fairholm & Kirkton	Lanarkshire		James Stevenson-Hamilton
Fetternear	Aberdeenshire		Martin Thacker of Fetternear	2001
Fingalton	Renfrewshire	1663	James Hawley of Fingalton	2017
Finlaystone Maxwell	Renfrewshire		Nicholas Frederic Papanicolaou
Finzean	Kincardineshire		Donald Farquharson of Finzean
Fordell	Fife	1511
Freuch	Wigtownshire	1559
Fulwood	Renfrewshire	1314	Camilo Agasim-Pereira	1999
Gala	Selkirkshire		John Scott of Gala
Garioch	Aberdeenshire	12th century	George David Menking	2012
Garlies	Kirkcudbrightshire	1263	Timothy Busch Reisinger
Garrallan	Ayrshire		John Boswell of Garrallan
Garthland	Wigtownshire	Before 1637
Gartly	Aberdeenshire		David James of Gartley
Gartmore	Stirling		William Graham of Gartmore	1996
Giffen	Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
Glasserton	Wigtownshire	1542
Glencammon			Timothy Busch Reisinger
Glencoe	Argyll		Forde
Glenfalloch	Perthshire		Richard Andrew Leslie
Glengarnock	Ayrshire		Robert MacGregor of Glengarnock
Glenluce	Wigtownshire	Before 1628
Gogar	Midlothian		Godfrey Devlin of Gogar
Gourdie	Perthshire		George Cox of Gourdie
Gourock	Renfrewshire		Claire Darroch-Thompson, Lady of Gourock	2011
Gordon Easter or Gordoun	Berwickshire	1150	Morange Michel
Grandhome	Aberdeenshire		David Paton of Grandholme
Grantully	Perthshire		Henry Fothringham
Greenan	Ayrshire		Hope Reisinger Cobera
Greenock	Renfrewshire		Harry Sandberg of Greenock
Greenock and Blackhall	Renfrewshire		Sir Ludovic Houston Shaw Stewart, 12th Baronet [NB not Baron of G and B]
Grougar	Ayrshire	1321	David McLean of Grougar
Hailes	East Lothian	1343	S.A. Malin of Hailes	2008
Haliburton and Lambden	Berwickshire		Col (Rt'd) Lance Miller	2016
Hallrule	Roxburghshire		Olivier Fuchs
Hallyards	Edinburgh
Halydean	Roxburghshire	1128	Taylor Moffitt of Halydean
Holmains	Dumfriesshire	1542
Horsbrugh	Peeblesshire		Michael Chenery of Horsbrugh	1995
Houston	Renfrewshire	Before 1296	Johnny Sei Hoe Hon	2016
Inchdrewer	Banffshire		Olga Roh	2014
Inche	Wigtownshire	Before 1528
Innermessan or Invermessan	Wigtownshire	Before 1566
Innerwick	East Lothian		Victor Cowley of Innerwick
Inneryne	Argyllshire		Ronald Busch Reisinger	1998
Innes	Morayshire		James Mitchell of Innes	2004
Jedburgh Forest	Roxburghshire	1602	Richard Miller of Jedburgh Forest	2010
Kelly	Aberdeenshire		Bruce Kneller, Baron of Kelly	2004
Kemnay	Aberdeenshire		Susan Burnett, Lady of Kemnay	1978
Kersland
Kilbernie
Kilcoy	Ross-shire	16th Century	Mark David Menking	2012
Kilmarnock	Ayrshire	1316
Kilmichael	Argyll	1541	Brooke Owen-Thomas of Kilmichael
Kilmun	Argyll		Brooke Owen-Thomas of Kilmun
Kilpunt
Kilmaurs
Kincaid			Heather Kincaid, Lady of Kincaid
Kincraig	Fife		James Gourlay of Kincraig
Kinghilt Kinhilt Kenhilt Kilhilt	Wigtownshire	Before 1632
Kinnairdy	Banffshire		Colin Innes of Kinnairdy	1990
Kinnear			Michael Pilette of Kinnear
Kippenross	Stirlingshire		Susan Stirling-Aird, Lady of Kippenross
Kirkbuddo	Angus	1463	Jean-Yves de Sainte-Croix de La Sabliere	2011
Kirkdale	Wigtownshire		Ramsey Hannay of Kirkdale
Kirkintilloch	East Dunbartonshire			1184
Kirkliston	West Lothian	1618	Andor László Oleg Vilmos v. Jaross	2002
Kirriemuir	Angus	1390	Gerhard Anderson	2014
Kirknewton	Midlothian		Diana Hargreaves, Lady of Kirknewton	1992
Krawfort	Lanarkshire	1576
Lag	Dumfriesshire	1685	Margaret Hamilton, Lady of Lag	2004
Lambden (also known as Hassington)	Berwickshire		Col (Rt'd) Lance Miller	2016
Lamberton, Berwick	Berwickshire	Before 1236
Largo	Fife		Timothy Wood of Largo	2011
Lathallan	Fife		Jean Spens of Lathallan	1995
Lee	Lanarkshire	1272	Addison McElroy Fischer	2004
Lenzie	East Dunbartonshire	1170
Lescure			Ross McPherson-Smith
Leslie	Aberdeenshire		John Andrea	2019
Leswalt (now Lochnaw)	Wigtownshire	Before 1426	Dr Gordon Prestoungrange	2004
Lethendy	Perthshire		Charles Gairdner of Lethendy
Leys	Aberdeenshire		James Burnett of Leys
Liberton (or Over Liberton)	Midlothian		Olivier Fuchs	2009
Lochfergus			Albert Gazeley of Lochfergus
The Superiority of the Lands of Lochlands	Aberdeenshire
Loch Mullion	Perthshire	Before 1700	William Anderson of Loch Mullion	2000
Lochnaw (see Leswalt)	Wigtownshire	1699	Dr Gordon Prestoungrange	2004
Lochrounell	Wigtownshire	Before 1630
Logany	Kincardineshire	Before 1576	Hunter Prater	2000
Loncastell	Wigtownshire	Before 1551
Loudoun	Ayrshire
Lundie	Angus	1489	Craig Ward	2017
Marchmont	Berwickshire		Roland Eugen Staehli	1996
MacDonald	Skye
MacDougall	Arglye	1660	George Dougall of MacDougall	2006
MacDuff	Fife	1039	James Mark Domesek of MacDuff
Martyn-Kennedy alias Frethrid	Wigtownshire	Before 1541
Mearns	Renfrewshire	12th century	David Thorpe of Mearns	2002
Melfort	Argyll		Hugh Campbell-Gibson	1360s
Menie	Aberdeenshire	1317	Michael Woodley of Menie	1995
Mertoun	Wigtownshire	1504
Midmar	Aberdeenshire		Richard Wharton of Midmar
Miltonhaven (formerly Lauriston)	Kincardineshire	1695	Dorothy Newlands of Lauriston	2017
Mochrum	Wigtownshire	Before 1472
Montgomeriestoun	Wigtownshire	Before 1636
Mordington	Berwickshire	1124-53	Graham Senior-Milne	1998
Mouswald	Dumfriesshire	1452
Moy	Argyll		Lorne MacLaine of Moy
Muirton	Morayshire	1532	Dr Richard Culbert	2019
Mullion	Perthshire	1446	Faith Seale QC	2019
Mureth	Wigtownshire	Before 1514
Myrton	Wigtownshire	Before 1470	Professor Mark Watson-Gandy
Newton	Stirlingshire	1685	Philip Pickering of Newton
Ochtercoull
Ormiston	East Lothian	1637	Brian Parsons of Ormiston	2003
Peaston (or Paistoun)	East Lothian		Robert Jackson of Paistoun	2003
Penicuik	Midlothian		Sir John Dutton Clerk
Pentland	Midlothian	1316	Lt Cmdr Christopher Saint Victor de Pinho	2018
Phantelane	Argyll	1436	Capt. David N. B. McCorquodale	2010
Pitcaple	Aberdeenshire		Christopher Burges-Lumsden
Pitcruivie	Fife		Douglas Wagland of Pitcruivie	1996
Pitmilly	Fife		Peter Gybbon-Monypenny	1987
Pittenweem	Fife	1592	Claes Zangenberg	2011
Plean	Stirlingshire		George Way	1985
Plenderleith	Roxburghshire	1306	Clifford Dewey Michael Paul Harmon II	2007
Pluscarden
Porterfield
Portlethen	Kincardineshire		Maurice Taylor of Portlethen
Portrie	Wigtownshire	Before 1636
Preston and Prestonpans	East Lothian	1460	Robert McLean of Preston & Prestonpans
Prestoungrange	East Lothian	1189	Mathew Wills of Prestongrange	2004
Primside and House Site	Roxburghshire
Quhithorne or Whithorn	Wigtownshire	Before 1569
Rachane	Argyllshire		Michael Aquino
Ramshead	Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
Rannoch	Perthshire	1502
Rattray	Perthshire		Philip Cumyn of Rattray
Ravenstone	Wigtownshire		Frank Renwick of Ravenstone	1983
Remistoun	Wigtownshire	Before 1540
Renfrew	Renfrewshire	1398	The Duke of Rothesay	1952
Restalrig	Edinburgh
Robertland	Ayrshire	1539	Brian Parsons of Robertland	2005
Rossie	Fife		John Elephant of Rossie
Ruchlaw	East Lothian
Rusco	Kirkcudbrightshire		Robert Carson of Rusco
Saint Monance / Monans	Fife	1596	Dr Robert Parviz Pirooz of Saint Monance QC	2014
Saulsait Saulset	Wigtownshire	Before 1629
Seybeggis or Seabegs	Stirlingshire	15th century	George M. Burden	2014
Seggieden	Perthshire		Trond U. Hegle
Smeaton Hepburn	East Lothian		George Gray of Smeaton Hepburn
Stane	Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
Stobo	Peeblesshire	1140	The Much Hon. William Jolly
Stonehaven	Aberdeenshire		Fraser Angus Oliver Mearns of Stonehaven
Stoneywood	Aberdeenshire		Charles Mack of Stoneywood	2000
Strathdee	Aberdeenshire	1563
Strathlachlan	Argyll		Euan MacLachlan of Strathlachlan
Strichen	Aberdeenshire	1515	Massimo Fraser of Strichen	2000
Struan	Perthshire		Alexander Robertson	1983
Swinton	Berwickshire	1098	James Swinton
Teallach			Dennistoun Teall of Teallach
Thainstone	Aberdeenshire	1488	David Valentine	2017
Tranent	East Lothian		Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton, 7th Earl of Winton
Traquair	Peeblesshire	1491	Catherine Maxwell-Stuart, 21st Lady of Traquair
Trearne	Ayrshire	1371	Ryan Montgomery	1987
Trent			Charles A. Cogdill	2002
Troup	Banffshire
Tulloch	Ross and Cromarty	1542	David Willien
Urquhart	Inverness-shire	1230
Urquhart	Morayshire	1587	Robert A. Cromartie	2004
Twynehame	Kirkcudbrightshire		Delyse Sharpe of Twynehame	1992
Wells	Roxburghshire		Bryce Lee West	2009
Westside
Wigtoun	Lanarkshire	1606
Wormiston	Fife		Michael Spens	1970
Yair	Selkirk	1806	Li Li	2019
Yeochrie	Aberdeenshire		Richard Stuart of Yeochrie

See also

• Commissioner (Scottish Parliament)
• Laird
• List of extant baronetcies
• Feu
• Feudal earldom
• Scottish feudal lordship
• Lord of Parliament
• English feudal barony
• Irish feudal barony
• List of Marcher lordships (Welsh Marches)

External links

• Lord Lyon's Armorial Ruling
• Law Reform Commission of Ireland [2]
• Text of the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.
• Report on Abolition of the Feudal System
• The Register of Feudal Lords and Barons of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
• The Heraldry Society of Scotland [3]
• The Court of the Lord Lyon [4]
• College of Arms [5]
• Registry of Scots Nobility – Baronage [6]
• The Scottish Baronage Registry [7]
• Burke's Peerage [8]

Further reading

• Scottish Law Commission. "Report on Abolition of the Feudal System. Laid before Parliament by the Lord Advocate under section 3(2) of the Law Commissions Act 1965. Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed11 February 1999 (Scot Law Com No 168)". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
• Dickinson, Professor William Croft, The Court Book of the Barony of Carnwath 1523-1542, Introduction, published by Scottish History Society, 1937. "The standard scholarly work on the history of Scottish feudal baronies". In the opinion of the Lyon King of Arms
• Grant, Alexander, The Development of the Scottish Peerage, published in the Scottish Historical Review, 1978.