Abaqati family: Difference between revisions

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
4,902,793 edits
Misc citation tidying. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_CommandLine
Added missing links
Tags: Reverted Visual edit
Line 1: Line 1:
{{EngvarB|date=May 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
The '''Abaqati family''' (or '''''Khandān-e-Abaqāat''''') is a sub-branch of the [[Jarwal]]-[[Kintoor]]'' branch of ''[[Nishapur]]i [[Kazmi]]-[[Musavi]] [[Sayyid|Sayeds]] who trace their lineage to the [[Prophets in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]] through eldest son of great-grandson of [[Musa al-Kadhim]], he was given ''jagir'' in Jarwal-Kintoor by Sultan [[Muhammad Tughluq]], other two{{clarify|date=July 2020 |reason=Other two what?}} were given ''jagir'' in [[Budgam]], [[Kashmir]] and [[Greater Sylhet|Sylhet]], [[Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Gulistan e ilmo Adab with guest Maulana Agha Roohi and Host Naseer Azmi |website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6q3SckxuBS8 |accessdate=13 October 2018 |date=10 April 2018}}</ref>
The '''Abaqati family''' (or '''''Khandān-e-Abaqāat''''') is a sub-branch of the [[Jarwal]]-[[Kintoor]]'' branch of ''[[Nishapur]]i [[Kazmi]]-[[Musavi]] [[Sayyid|Sayeds]] who trace their lineage to the [[Prophets in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]] through the eldest son of the great-grandson of [[Musa al-Kadhim]], he was given a ''[[jagir]]'' in Jarwal-Kintoor by Sultan [[Muhammad Tughluq]], his other two brothers were given ''jagirs'' in [[Budgam]], [[Kashmir]] and [[Greater Sylhet|Sylhet]], [[Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Gulistan e ilmo Adab with guest Maulana Agha Roohi and Host Naseer Azmi |website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6q3SckxuBS8 |accessdate=13 October 2018 |date=10 April 2018}}</ref>


The most famous of ''Kintoori Sayyeds'' is [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi]] '''Saheb-e-Abaqaat''', author of a work entitled ''[http://www.alabaqat.com/ Abaqat al Anwar]''; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the ''nisba'' (title) they still bear, ''[[Abaqati]]''.<ref name="islam">[https://books.google.com/books?id=6JrL2GdwkVsC&q=kinturi&pg=PA284 Islam, politics, and social movements] ''By Edmund Burke, Ervand Abrahamian, Ira M. Lapidus''</ref> [[Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati]] ''Agha Roohi'', a [[Lucknow]] based cleric is from the family of ''Nishapuri Kintoori Sayyids'' and uses title ''Abaqati''.
The most famous of ''Kintoori Sayyeds'' is [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi]] '''Saheb-e-Abaqaat''', author of a work titled ''[http://www.alabaqat.com/ Abaqat al Anwar]''; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the ''[[Nisba (onomastics)|nisba]]'' (title) they still bear, ''[[Abaqati]]''.<ref name="islam">[https://books.google.com/books?id=6JrL2GdwkVsC&q=kinturi&pg=PA284 Islam, politics, and social movements] ''By Edmund Burke, Ervand Abrahamian, Ira M. Lapidus''</ref> [[Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati]] ''Agha Roohi'', a [[Lucknow]] based cleric is from the family of ''Nishapuri Kintoori Sayyids'' and uses title ''Abaqati''.


==Sayeds of Jarwal-Kintoor==
==Sayeds of Jarwal-Kintoor==
The [[Nishapuri]] [[Sada'at]] ([[Sayed]]s) of [[Barabanki district|Barabanki]] (adjoining areas of [[Kintoor]], [[Fatehpur, Barabanki|Fatehpur]], [[Jarwal]] and [[Lucknow]]) are [[Kazmi]] or [[Musavi]] Sayeds; that is they claim descent from the Prophet through his daughter's line and the line of the seventh Imam of the [[Shi'a]] Muslims, [[Musa al-Kadhim|Musa al-Kazem]]. They came to [[India]] originally from [[Nishapur]] a town near [[Mashhad]] in northeastern [[Iran]].<ref name="islam"/> Two brothers Sayed Sharafu'd-Din Abu Talib (who was the ancestor of Waris 'Ali) and Sayed Muhammed in thirteenth century forsaked Nishapur, Iran (via Khorasan and Mashhad) for [[Awadh]], India in the time of [[Hulagu Khan]] (1256–1265) the [[Khan (title)|Il-Khanid]] [[Mongol]] ruler.<ref>Muhammad ‘Ali Kashmiri, Nujumas-sama ' fi tarajimal-‘ulama ' (Lucknow: Matbac-i Jacfari, 1302/1884-85), p. 420.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=F90IAQAAIAAJ&q=kintur A Socio-intellectual History of the Isnā ʾAsharī Shīʾīs in India: 16th to 19th century A.D], Saiyid Athar Abbas Rizvi, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1986</ref> After their arrival in [[Kintoor]] the Saiyids were given a large jagir by Sultan [[Muhammad Tughluq]], where they continued to hold the land in different tenures until twentieth century at the turn of which they held two-thirds of the village land of [[Kintoor]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=LUvYAAAAMAAJ&q=kintur Piety on its knees: three Sufi traditions in South Asia in modern times], Claudia Liebeskind, Oxford University Press, 18-Dec-1998</ref> Sayed Alauddin Kazmi have said to be accompanied these two brothers in their movement from Iran, he later moved to [[Tehsil Fatehpur]]. The grave of Sayed Alauddin Kazmi is situated in [[Kintoor]]. The [[Kazmi]]s of Fatehpur are his descendants. These [[Nishapuri Sayed]]s of [[Kintoor]] spread to adjoining localities of [[Barabanki district|Barabanki]] e.g. Fatehpur, and even to neighbouring districts e.g. Jarwal in [[Bahraich district]] and in Lucknow. These Nishapuri Sayeds produced several outstanding [[Shia Muslim]] religious scholars in 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=I0XYAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Kintoor%22+-kintore+-kintour Sufi cults and the evolution of medieval Indian culture], Anup Taneja, Indian Council of Historical Research in association with Northern Book Centre, 2003</ref><ref name="Justin Jones">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rrioNz8_EwwC&dq=Sayyids+of+Barabanki&pg=PA243 Shi'a Islam in Colonial India: Religion, Community and Sectarianism] By Justin Jones</ref>
The [[Nishapuri]] [[Sada'at]] ([[Sayed]]s) of [[Barabanki district|Barabanki]] (adjoining areas of [[Kintoor]], [[Fatehpur, Barabanki|Fatehpur]], [[Jarwal]] and [[Lucknow]]) are [[Kazmi]] or [[Musavi]] Sayeds; that is they claim descent from the Prophet through his daughter's line and the line of the seventh Imam of the [[Shi'a]] Muslims, [[Musa al-Kadhim|Musa al-Kazem]]. They came to [[India]] originally from [[Nishapur]] a town near [[Mashhad]] in northeastern [[Iran]].<ref name="islam"/> Two brothers Sayed Sharafu'd-Din Abu Talib (who was the ancestor of Waris 'Ali) and Sayed Muhammed in thirteenth century left Nishapur, Iran (via [[Khorasan province|Khorasan]] and Mashhad) for [[Awadh]], India in the time of [[Hulagu Khan]] (1256–1265), the [[Khan (title)|Il-Khanid]] [[Mongol]] ruler.<ref>Muhammad ‘Ali Kashmiri, Nujumas-sama ' fi tarajimal-‘ulama ' (Lucknow: Matbac-i Jacfari, 1302/1884-85), p. 420.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=F90IAQAAIAAJ&q=kintur A Socio-intellectual History of the Isnā ʾAsharī Shīʾīs in India: 16th to 19th century A.D], Saiyid Athar Abbas Rizvi, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1986</ref> After their arrival in [[Kintoor]] the Saiyids were given a large jagir by Sultan [[Muhammad Tughluq]], where they continued to hold the land in different tenures until the twentieth century at the turn of which they held two-thirds of the village land of [[Kintoor]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=LUvYAAAAMAAJ&q=kintur Piety on its knees: three Sufi traditions in South Asia in modern times], Claudia Liebeskind, Oxford University Press, 18-Dec-1998</ref> Sayed Alauddin Kazmi was said to have accompanied these two brothers in their journey from Iran, he later moved to [[Tehsil Fatehpur]]. The grave of Sayed Alauddin Kazmi is situated in [[Kintoor]]. The [[Kazmi]]s of Fatehpur are his descendants. These Nishapuri Sayeds of [[Kintoor]] spread to the adjoining localities of [[Barabanki district|Barabanki]] e.g. Fatehpur, and even to neighbouring districts e.g. Jarwal in [[Bahraich district]] and in Lucknow. These Nishapuri Sayeds produced several outstanding [[Shia Muslim]] religious scholars in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=I0XYAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Kintoor%22+-kintore+-kintour Sufi cults and the evolution of medieval Indian culture], Anup Taneja, Indian Council of Historical Research in association with Northern Book Centre, 2003</ref><ref name="Justin Jones">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rrioNz8_EwwC&dq=Sayyids+of+Barabanki&pg=PA243 Shi'a Islam in Colonial India: Religion, Community and Sectarianism] By Justin Jones</ref>


Sayeds of [[Kintoor]] can be categorized in two prominent families, namely, ''Abaqati'' (that of [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi|Sayed Hamid Hussain]]) and ''Khomeini'' (that of [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi|Sayed Ahmed]]).
The Sayeds of [[Kintoor]] can be categorized into two prominent families, namely, the ''Abaqati'' (that of [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi|Sayed Hamid Hussain]]) and the ''Khomeini'' (that of [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi|Sayed Ahmed]]).


Sayyids of [[Jarwal]] ([[Bahraich]]), [[Kintoor]] ([[Barabanki district|Barabanki]]) and [[Zaidpur]] (Barabanki) were well-known ''Taluqadars'' (feudal lords) of Awadh province.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GgUeAAAAMAAJ&q=Zaidpur King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1] by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982</ref>
The Sayyids of [[Jarwal]] ([[Bahraich]]), [[Kintoor]] ([[Barabanki district|Barabanki]]) and [[Zaidpur]] (Barabanki) were well-known ''Taluqadars'' (feudal lords) of Awadh province.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GgUeAAAAMAAJ&q=Zaidpur King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1] by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982</ref>


⚫
Many of the early [[Sufi]] saints who came to North India belonged to Sayyid families. Most of these Sayyid families came from [[Central Asia]] and [[Iran]], but some also originated from [[Yemen]], [[Oman]], [[Iraq]] and [[Bahrain]]. Perhaps the most famous [[Sufi]] was Syed Salar Masud, from whom many of the Sayyid families of [[Awadh]] claim their descent.<ref name=Hasan>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three, edited by A Hasan & J C Das</ref> Sayyids of Jarwal (Bahraich), Kintoor (Barabanki) and Zaidpur (Barabanki) were well known ''Taluqadars'' (feudal lords) of Awadh province.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GgUeAAAAMAAJ&q=Zaidpur King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1] by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982</ref>
===Nishapuri Sada'at of Kintoor===


⚫
Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musavi who was progenitor of sayeds of Kintoor was the great-great-grandfather of [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi|Sayed Ahmed]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6JrL2GdwkVsC&dq=Sayyids+in+Awadh&pg=PA284 Islam, Politics, and Social Movements] By Edmund Burke, III, Ervand Abrahamian</ref>
Many of the early [[Sufi]] saints that came to North India belonged to Sayyid families. Most of these Sayyid families came from [[Central Asia]] and [[Iran]], but some also originate from [[Yemen]], [[Oman]], [[Iraq]] and [[Bahrain]]. Perhaps the most famous [[Sufi]] was Syed Salar Masud, from whom many of the Sayyid families of [[Awadh]] claim their descent.<ref name=Hasan>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three, edited by A Hasan & J C Das</ref> Sayyids of [[Jarwal]] ([[Bahraich]]), Kintoor ([[Barabanki district|Barabanki]]) and [[Zaidpur]] ([[Barabanki district|Barabanki]]) were wellknown ''Taluqadars'' (feudal lords) of Awadh province.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GgUeAAAAMAAJ&q=Zaidpur King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1] by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982</ref>

The [[Nishapuri]] [[Sada'at]] ([[Sayed]]s) of [[Barabanki district|Barabanki]] (adjoining areas of Kintoor, [[Fatehpur, Barabanki|Fatehpur]], [[Jarwal]] and [[Lucknow]]) are [[Kazmi]] or [[Musavi]] Sayeds; that is they claim descent from the Prophet through his daughter's line and the line of the seventh Imam of the [[Shi'a]] Muslims, [[Musa al-Kadhim|Musa al-Kazem]]. They came in [[India]] originally from [[Nishapur]] a town near [[Mashhad]] in northeastern [[Iran]].<ref name="islam" /> Two brothers Sayed Sharafu'd-Din Abu Talib (who was the ancestor of Waris 'Ali) and Sayed Muhammed in thirteenth century forsaked Nishapur, Iran (via Khorasan and Mashhad) for [[Awadh]], India in the time of [[Hulagu Khan]] (1256-1265) the [[Khan (title)|Il-Khanid]] [[Mongol]] ruler.<ref>Muhammad ‘Ali Kashmiri, Nujumas-sama ' fi tarajimal-‘ulama ' (Lucknow: Matbac-i Jacfari, 1302/1884-85), p. 420.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=F90IAQAAIAAJ&q=kintur A Socio-intellectual History of the Isnā ʾAsharī Shīʾīs in India: 16th to 19th century A.D], Saiyid Athar Abbas Rizvi, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1986</ref> After their arrival in Kintoor the Saiyids were givena large jagir by Sultan [[Muhammad Tughluq]], where they continued to hold the land in different tenures until twentieth century at the turn of which they held two-thirds of the village land of Kintoor.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=LUvYAAAAMAAJ&q=kintur Piety on its knees: three Sufi traditions in South Asia in modern times], Claudia Liebeskind, Oxford University Press, 18-Dec-1998</ref> Sayed Alauddin Kazmi have said to be accompanied these two brothers in their movement from Iran, he later moved to [[Tehsil Fatehpur]]. The grave of Sayed Alauddin Kazmi is situated in Kintoor. The [[Kazmi]]s of Fatehpur are his descendants. These [[Nishapuri Sayed]]s of Kintoor spread to adjoining localities of [[Barabanki district|Barabanki]] e.g. Fatehpur, and even to neighbouring districts e.g. Jarwal in [[Bahraich district]] and in Lucknow. These Nishapuri Sayeds produced several outstanding [[Shia Muslim]] religious scholars in 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=I0XYAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Kintoor%22+-kintore+-kintour Sufi cults and the evolution of medieval Indian culture], Anup Taneja, Indian Council of Historical Research in association with Northern Book Centre, 2003</ref><ref name="Justin Jones" />

⚫
Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musavi who was progenitor of sayeds of Kintoor was great-great-grandfather of [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi|Sayed Ahmed]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6JrL2GdwkVsC&dq=Sayyids+in+Awadh&pg=PA284 Islam, Politics, and Social Movements] By Edmund Burke, III, Ervand Abrahamian</ref> Sayeds of Kintoor can be categorized in two prominent families i.e. ''Abaqati'' (that of [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi|Sayed Hamid Hussain]]) and ''Khomeini'' (that of [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi|Sayed Ahmed]]).


====Abaqati family====
====Abaqati family====
One branch of the ''Nishapuri Kintoori Sayeds'' took root in Lucknow. The most famous of ''Kintoori Sayeds'' is [[Ayatollah]] [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi]], author of work entitled ''Abaqat al Anwar''; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendantswith the ''nisba'' (title) they still bear, ''[[Abaqati]]''.<ref name="islam" /> [[Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati]] ''Agha Roohi'', a [[Lucknow]] based cleric is from the family of ''Nishapuri Kintoori Sayeds'' and uses title ''Abaqati''.
One branch of the ''Nishapuri Kintoori Sayeds'' took root in Lucknow. The most famous of ''Kintoori Sayeds'' is [[Ayatollah]] [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi]], author of the work titled ''Abaqat al Anwar''; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the ''nisba'' (title) they still bear, ''[[Abaqati]]''.<ref name="islam" /> [[Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati]] ''Agha Roohi'', a [[Lucknow]] based cleric is from the family of ''Nishapuri Kintoori Sayeds'' and uses title ''Abaqati''.


====Khomeini family====
====Khomeini family====
Towards the end of the 18th century the ancestors of the [[Supreme Leader]] of the [[Iranian Revolution]], [[Ruhollah Khomeini]] had migrated from their original home in [[Nishapur]], Iran to the kingdom of [[Padshah-i-Oudh|Oudh]] in northern [[India]] whose [[Nawabs of Awadh|rulers]] were [[Twelver]] [[Shia]] Muslims of [[Persian people|Persian]] origin;<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ntarP5hrza0C&dq=awadh+persian&pg=PA8 Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam] By Juan Ricardo Cole</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7BaVwfpWZgUC&dq=awadh+origin&pg=RA2-PA17 Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation] By Ahsan Jan Qaisar,Som Prakash Verma,Mohammad Habib</ref> they settled in the town of Kintoor.<ref name="Hamid">Ruhollah Khomeini's brief biography by Hamid Algar</ref><ref name="Iranian">[http://www.iranian.com/Books/1999/June/Khomeini/index.html From Khomein, ''A biography of the Ayatollah''], 14 June 1999, The Iranian</ref><ref name="books.google.com">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rNrMilgHKKEC&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&pg=PA199 The Columbia world dictionary of Islamism] By Olivier Roy, Antoine Sfeir</ref><ref name="Moin1999">[https://books.google.com/books?id=B-ihPNR4iaoC&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&pg=PA2 Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah, Volume 1999] By Baqer Moin</ref> Ayatollah Khomeini's paternal grandfather, [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi]], was born in Kintoor, he was a contemporary and relative of the famous scholar [[Ayatollah]] [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi]].<ref name="Iranian" /><ref name="Moin1999" /> He left Lucknow in the middle of the 19th century on pilgrimage to the tomb of [[Imam Ali]] in [[Najaf]], Iraq and never returned.<ref name="Hamid" /><ref name="Moin1999" /> According to Moin this movement was to escape colonial rule of [[British Raj]] in India.<ref name="moin18">{{cite book |last = Moin |first = Baqer |title = Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn = 0-312-26490-9 |year=2000|url = https://archive.org/details/khomeinilifeofay00moin |page=18}}</ref> He visited Iran in 1834 and settled down in [[Khomein]] in 1839.<ref name="Iranian" /> Although he stayed and settled in [[Iran]], he continued to be known as ''Hindi'', even Ruhollah Khomeini used ''Hindi'' as pen name in some of his ghazals.<ref name="Hamid" /> Also Ruhollah's brother was known by name Nureddin ''Hindi''.<ref name="Moin1999" />
Towards the end of the 18th century the ancestors of the [[Supreme Leader]] of the [[Iranian Revolution]], [[Ruhollah Khomeini]] had migrated from their original home in [[Nishapur]], Iran to the kingdom of [[Padshah-i-Oudh|Oudh]] in northern [[India]] whose [[Nawabs of Awadh|rulers]] were [[Twelver]] [[Shia]] Muslims of [[Persian people|Persian]] origin;<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ntarP5hrza0C&dq=awadh+persian&pg=PA8 Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam] By Juan Ricardo Cole</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7BaVwfpWZgUC&dq=awadh+origin&pg=RA2-PA17 Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation] By Ahsan Jan Qaisar,Som Prakash Verma,Mohammad Habib</ref> they settled in the town of Kintoor.<ref name="Hamid">Ruhollah Khomeini's brief biography by Hamid Algar</ref><ref name="Iranian">[http://www.iranian.com/Books/1999/June/Khomeini/index.html From Khomein, ''A biography of the Ayatollah''], 14 June 1999, The Iranian</ref><ref name="books.google.com">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rNrMilgHKKEC&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&pg=PA199 The Columbia world dictionary of Islamism] By Olivier Roy, Antoine Sfeir</ref><ref name="Moin1999">[https://books.google.com/books?id=B-ihPNR4iaoC&dq=Seyyed+Ahmad+Musavi+Hindi&pg=PA2 Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah, Volume 1999] By Baqer Moin</ref> Ayatollah Khomeini's paternal grandfather, [[Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi]], was born in Kintoor, he was a contemporary and relative of the famous scholar [[Ayatollah]] [[Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi]].<ref name="Iranian" /><ref name="Moin1999" /> He left Lucknow in the middle of the 19th century on pilgrimage to the tomb of [[Imam Ali]] in [[Najaf]], Iraq and never returned.<ref name="Hamid" /><ref name="Moin1999" /> According to Moin this movement was to escape the colonial rule of the [[British Raj]] in India.<ref name="moin18">{{cite book |last = Moin |first = Baqer |title = Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn = 0-312-26490-9 |year=2000|url = https://archive.org/details/khomeinilifeofay00moin |page=18}}</ref> He visited Iran in 1834 and settled down in [[Khomein]] in 1839.<ref name="Iranian" /> Although he stayed and settled in [[Iran]], he continued to be known as ''Hindi'', even Ruhollah Khomeini used ''Hindi'' as a pen name in some of his ghazals.<ref name="Hamid" /> Also, Ruhollah's brother was known by the name Nureddin ''Hindi''.<ref name="Moin1999" />


===Sayyids of Jarwal===
===Sayyids of Jarwal===
⚫
In Jarwal, Bahraich, the Sayyid line derived from Sayyid Zakariyya, who fled Iran during the [[Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire|Mongol invasion]] by [[Genghis Khan]], obtaining a 15,000 [[bigha]] grant from the [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi]] sovereign, [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq|Ghiyathu'd-Din]]. They settled in Jarwal after moving from Persia to Lahore to Delhi to Barabanki. In 1800 the Jarwal Sayyids, some of them Shi‘is, displaced the Ansari Shaykhs and came to hold 276 out of 365 villages in the [[Pargana|parganah]], although their holdings thereafter declined rapidly to (a still formidable) 76 villages in 1877.<ref>Gazetteer of the Province of Oudh 1:141; 2:83, 99-100.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Qcm3UUVGEGYC&q=Jarwal&pg=PA96 The North-Western Provinces of India: Their History, Ethnology, and Administration], Asian Educational Services, 01-Jan-1998</ref><ref>Muslims in Avadh by Mirza Azhar Ali, page 71</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jYkIAAAAQAAJ&q=Jarwal The imperial gazetteer of India] by W.W. Hunter, 1881</ref> ''Khateeb-ul-Iman Maulana'' [[Syed Muzaffar Husain Rizvi]] ''[[Tahir Jarwali]]'' (1932-Dec 1987) a Shia religious leader and social worker, was one of the prominent Jarwali Sayyids and celebrated preacher of late 20th century (1970s & 80s), he was also General Secretary of [[All India Shia Conference]] for some time.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=b8KoSKzi6QMC&dq=Jarwali&pg=PA190 The Twelver Shîʻa as a Muslim Minority in India: Pulpit of Tears] By Toby M. Howarth</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V8kAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Tahir+Jarwali%22 |title=The Light, Volumes 22-23 |year=1988 |publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania | pages=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OgtuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Tahir+Jarwali%22 |title=Shias and Shia Islam in India: a study in society and culture | publisher=Harnam Publications | year=1988 | pages=6 | author1=Nadeem Hasnain | author2=Sheikh Abrar Husain|isbn=9788185247007 }}</ref>
⚫
Many of the early [[Sufi]] saints that came to North India belonged to Sayyid families. Most of these Sayyid families came from [[Central Asia]] and [[Iran]], but some also originate from [[Yemen]], [[Oman]], [[Iraq]] and [[Bahrain]]. Perhaps the most famous [[Sufi]] was Syed Salar Masud, from whom many of the Sayyid families of [[Awadh]] claim their descent.<ref name=Hasan>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three, edited by A Hasan & J C Das</ref> Sayyids of Jarwal ([[Bahraich]]), [[Kintoor]] ([[Barabanki district|Barabanki]]) and [[Zaidpur]] ([[Barabanki district|Barabanki]]) were well known ''Taluqadars'' (feudal lords) of Awadh province.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GgUeAAAAMAAJ&q=Zaidpur King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1] by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982</ref>

⚫
In Jarwal, Bahraich, the Sayyid line derived from Sayyid Zakariyya, who fled Iran during the Mongol invasion by Genghis Khan, obtaining a 15,000 bigha grant from the Delhi sovereign, Ghiyathu'd-Din. They got settled in Jarwal after moving from Persia to Lahore to Delhi to Barabanki. In 1800 the Jarwal Sayyids, some of them Shi‘is, displaced the Ansari Shaykhs and came to hold 276 out of 365 villages in the parganah, although their holdings thereafter declined rapidly to (a still formidable) 76 villages in 1877.<ref>Gazetteer of the Province of Oudh 1:141; 2:83, 99-100.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Qcm3UUVGEGYC&q=Jarwal&pg=PA96 The North-Western Provinces of India: Their History, Ethnology, and Administration], Asian Educational Services, 01-Jan-1998</ref><ref>Muslims in Avadh by Mirza Azhar Ali, page 71</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jYkIAAAAQAAJ&q=Jarwal The imperial gazetteer of India] by W.W. Hunter, 1881</ref> ''Khateeb-ul-Iman Maulana'' [[Syed Muzaffar Husain Rizvi]] ''[[Tahir Jarwali]]'' (1932-Dec 1987) a Shia religious leader and social worker, was one of the prominent Jarwali Sayyid and celebrated preacher of late 20th century (1970s & 80s), he was also General Secretary of [[All India Shia Conference]] for some time.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=b8KoSKzi6QMC&dq=Jarwali&pg=PA190 The Twelver Shîʻa as a Muslim Minority in India: Pulpit of Tears] By Toby M. Howarth</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V8kAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Tahir+Jarwali%22 |title=The Light, Volumes 22-23 |year=1988 |publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania | pages=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OgtuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Tahir+Jarwali%22 |title=Shias and Shia Islam in India: a study in society and culture | publisher=Harnam Publications | year=1988 | pages=6 | author1=Nadeem Hasnain | author2=Sheikh Abrar Husain|isbn=9788185247007 }}</ref>


==Personalities==
==Personalities==

Revision as of 13:32, 19 September 2023

The Abaqati family (or Khandān-e-Abaqāat) is a sub-branch of the Jarwal-Kintoor branch of Nishapuri Kazmi-Musavi Sayeds who trace their lineage to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through the eldest son of the great-grandson of Musa al-Kadhim, he was given a jagir in Jarwal-Kintoor by Sultan Muhammad Tughluq, his other two brothers were given jagirs in Budgam, Kashmir and Sylhet, Bengal.[1]

The most famous of Kintoori Sayyeds is Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi Saheb-e-Abaqaat, author of a work titled Abaqat al Anwar; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the nisba (title) they still bear, Abaqati.[2] Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati Agha Roohi, a Lucknow based cleric is from the family of Nishapuri Kintoori Sayyids and uses title Abaqati.

Sayeds of Jarwal-Kintoor

The Nishapuri Sada'at (Sayeds) of Barabanki (adjoining areas of Kintoor, Fatehpur, Jarwal and Lucknow) are Kazmi or Musavi Sayeds; that is they claim descent from the Prophet through his daughter's line and the line of the seventh Imam of the Shi'a Muslims, Musa al-Kazem. They came to India originally from Nishapur a town near Mashhad in northeastern Iran.[2] Two brothers Sayed Sharafu'd-Din Abu Talib (who was the ancestor of Waris 'Ali) and Sayed Muhammed in thirteenth century left Nishapur, Iran (via Khorasan and Mashhad) for Awadh, India in the time of Hulagu Khan (1256–1265), the Il-Khanid Mongol ruler.[3][4] After their arrival in Kintoor the Saiyids were given a large jagir by Sultan Muhammad Tughluq, where they continued to hold the land in different tenures until the twentieth century at the turn of which they held two-thirds of the village land of Kintoor.[5] Sayed Alauddin Kazmi was said to have accompanied these two brothers in their journey from Iran, he later moved to Tehsil Fatehpur. The grave of Sayed Alauddin Kazmi is situated in Kintoor. The Kazmis of Fatehpur are his descendants. These Nishapuri Sayeds of Kintoor spread to the adjoining localities of Barabanki e.g. Fatehpur, and even to neighbouring districts e.g. Jarwal in Bahraich district and in Lucknow. These Nishapuri Sayeds produced several outstanding Shia Muslim religious scholars in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.[6][7]

The Sayeds of Kintoor can be categorized into two prominent families, namely, the Abaqati (that of Sayed Hamid Hussain) and the Khomeini (that of Sayed Ahmed).

The Sayyids of Jarwal (Bahraich), Kintoor (Barabanki) and Zaidpur (Barabanki) were well-known Taluqadars (feudal lords) of Awadh province.[8]

Many of the early Sufi saints who came to North India belonged to Sayyid families. Most of these Sayyid families came from Central Asia and Iran, but some also originated from Yemen, Oman, Iraq and Bahrain. Perhaps the most famous Sufi was Syed Salar Masud, from whom many of the Sayyid families of Awadh claim their descent.[9] Sayyids of Jarwal (Bahraich), Kintoor (Barabanki) and Zaidpur (Barabanki) were well known Taluqadars (feudal lords) of Awadh province.[10]

Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musavi who was progenitor of sayeds of Kintoor was the great-great-grandfather of Sayed Ahmed.[11]

Abaqati family

One branch of the Nishapuri Kintoori Sayeds took root in Lucknow. The most famous of Kintoori Sayeds is Ayatollah Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi, author of the work titled Abaqat al Anwar; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the nisba (title) they still bear, Abaqati.[2] Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati Agha Roohi, a Lucknow based cleric is from the family of Nishapuri Kintoori Sayeds and uses title Abaqati.

Khomeini family

Towards the end of the 18th century the ancestors of the Supreme Leader of the Iranian Revolution, Ruhollah Khomeini had migrated from their original home in Nishapur, Iran to the kingdom of Oudh in northern India whose rulers were Twelver Shia Muslims of Persian origin;[12][13] they settled in the town of Kintoor.[14][15][16][17] Ayatollah Khomeini's paternal grandfather, Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi, was born in Kintoor, he was a contemporary and relative of the famous scholar Ayatollah Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi.[15][17] He left Lucknow in the middle of the 19th century on pilgrimage to the tomb of Imam Ali in Najaf, Iraq and never returned.[14][17] According to Moin this movement was to escape the colonial rule of the British Raj in India.[18] He visited Iran in 1834 and settled down in Khomein in 1839.[15] Although he stayed and settled in Iran, he continued to be known as Hindi, even Ruhollah Khomeini used Hindi as a pen name in some of his ghazals.[14] Also, Ruhollah's brother was known by the name Nureddin Hindi.[17]

Sayyids of Jarwal

In Jarwal, Bahraich, the Sayyid line derived from Sayyid Zakariyya, who fled Iran during the Mongol invasion by Genghis Khan, obtaining a 15,000 bigha grant from the Delhi sovereign, Ghiyathu'd-Din. They settled in Jarwal after moving from Persia to Lahore to Delhi to Barabanki. In 1800 the Jarwal Sayyids, some of them Shi‘is, displaced the Ansari Shaykhs and came to hold 276 out of 365 villages in the parganah, although their holdings thereafter declined rapidly to (a still formidable) 76 villages in 1877.[19][20][21][22] Khateeb-ul-Iman Maulana Syed Muzaffar Husain Rizvi Tahir Jarwali (1932-Dec 1987) a Shia religious leader and social worker, was one of the prominent Jarwali Sayyids and celebrated preacher of late 20th century (1970s & 80s), he was also General Secretary of All India Shia Conference for some time.[23][24][25]

Personalities

See also

References

  1. ^ "Gulistan e ilmo Adab with guest Maulana Agha Roohi and Host Naseer Azmi". YouTube. 10 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d Islam, politics, and social movements By Edmund Burke, Ervand Abrahamian, Ira M. Lapidus
  3. ^ Muhammad ‘Ali Kashmiri, Nujumas-sama ' fi tarajimal-‘ulama ' (Lucknow: Matbac-i Jacfari, 1302/1884-85), p. 420.
  4. ^ A Socio-intellectual History of the Isnā ʾAsharī Shīʾīs in India: 16th to 19th century A.D, Saiyid Athar Abbas Rizvi, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1986
  5. ^ Piety on its knees: three Sufi traditions in South Asia in modern times, Claudia Liebeskind, Oxford University Press, 18-Dec-1998
  6. ^ Sufi cults and the evolution of medieval Indian culture, Anup Taneja, Indian Council of Historical Research in association with Northern Book Centre, 2003
  7. ^ Shi'a Islam in Colonial India: Religion, Community and Sectarianism By Justin Jones
  8. ^ King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1 by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982
  9. ^ People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three, edited by A Hasan & J C Das
  10. ^ King Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh, Volume 1 by Mirza Ali Azhar, Royal Book Co., 1982
  11. ^ Islam, Politics, and Social Movements By Edmund Burke, III, Ervand Abrahamian
  12. ^ Sacred space and holy war: the politics, culture and history of Shi'ite Islam By Juan Ricardo Cole
  13. ^ Art and culture: endeavours in interpretation By Ahsan Jan Qaisar,Som Prakash Verma,Mohammad Habib
  14. ^ a b c Ruhollah Khomeini's brief biography by Hamid Algar
  15. ^ a b c From Khomein, A biography of the Ayatollah, 14 June 1999, The Iranian
  16. ^ The Columbia world dictionary of Islamism By Olivier Roy, Antoine Sfeir
  17. ^ a b c d Khomeini: life of the Ayatollah, Volume 1999 By Baqer Moin
  18. ^ Moin, Baqer (2000). Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah. St. Martin's Press. p. 18. ISBN 0-312-26490-9.
  19. ^ Gazetteer of the Province of Oudh 1:141; 2:83, 99-100.
  20. ^ The North-Western Provinces of India: Their History, Ethnology, and Administration, Asian Educational Services, 01-Jan-1998
  21. ^ Muslims in Avadh by Mirza Azhar Ali, page 71
  22. ^ The imperial gazetteer of India by W.W. Hunter, 1881
  23. ^ The Twelver Shîʻa as a Muslim Minority in India: Pulpit of Tears By Toby M. Howarth
  24. ^ The Light, Volumes 22-23. Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. 1988. p. 3.
  25. ^ Nadeem Hasnain; Sheikh Abrar Husain (1988). Shias and Shia Islam in India: a study in society and culture. Harnam Publications. p. 6. ISBN 9788185247007.
  26. ^ a b Roots of North Indian Shi‘ism in Iran and Iraq Religion and State in Awadh, 1722–1859, by J. R. I. Cole, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley · Los Angeles · Oxford
  27. ^ Sacred Space and Holy War The Politics, Culture and History of Shi`ite Islam Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine by Juan Cole, I.B.Tauris Publishers, London · New York
  28. ^ Dar al-Kitab Jazayeri
  29. ^ Abaqat ul Anwar fi Imamat al Ai'imma al-Athar
  30. ^ Leader of Heaven Archived 3 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine #18
  31. ^ Mir Hamid Hussain and his famous piece Abaqat al-anwar
  32. ^ GHADEER-E-KHUM WHERE THE RELIGION WAS BROUGHT TO PERFECTION By I.H. Najafi, Published By A GROUP OF MUSLIM BROTHERS, NEW ADDRESS P. 0. Box No. 11365- 1545, Tehran – IRAN.

External

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abaqati_family&oldid=1176099752"