Ramot, East Jerusalem: Difference between revisions
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:''For the moshav in the Golan Heights, see [[Ramot, Golan Heights]].'' |
:''For the moshav in the Golan Heights, see [[Ramot, Golan Heights]].'' |
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'''Ramot''' ({{lang-he-n|רָמוֹת}}, ''lit.'' Heights), also known as '''Ramot Alon''' ({{lang-he|רמות אלון}}, lit. ''Alon Heights''), is a large housing development in northwestern [[Jerusalem]].<ref name="Journal of architectural and planning research">{{cite book|title=Journal of architectural and planning research|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=EMNUAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=5 May 2011|year=1991|publisher=Elsevier|page=59}}</ref> Ramot lies north of the [[Green Line (Israel)|Green Line]] |
'''Ramot''' ({{lang-he-n|רָמוֹת}}, ''lit.'' Heights), also known as '''Ramot Alon''' ({{lang-he|רמות אלון}}, lit. ''Alon Heights''), is a large housing development in northwestern [[Jerusalem]].<ref name="Journal of architectural and planning research">{{cite book|title=Journal of architectural and planning research|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=EMNUAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=5 May 2011|year=1991|publisher=Elsevier|page=59}}</ref> Because part of Ramot lies north of the [[Green Line (Israel)|Green Line]]<ref name=Neighborhood2>"They began planting neighborhoods such as Ramot Allon on annexed West Bank land..." [http://articles.latimes.com/2007/jun/05/world/fg-orthodox5 Clashing values alter a city’s face] by Richard Boudreaux, ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' June 05, 2007</ref> the international community considers Ramot an [[Israeli settlement]] in [[East Jerusalem]]. The international community considers Israeli settlements to be [[International law and Israeli settlements|illegal under international law]],<ref name="MacAskill">{{Cite web|last=MacAskill|first=Ewen|title=Israel provokes Palestinians and US by going ahead with new settlements|publisher=[[guardian.co.uk]]|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/15/israel-new-settlements-us-palestinians|date=15 October 2010|quote=The Israeli government regards both as part of Israel but the Palestinians, and almost all of the international community, see them as illegal, built on Palestinian land occupied by Israeli in 1967.|accessdate=15 October 2010 }}</ref><ref name=FMEP2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.fmep.org/reports/archive/vol.-19/no.-2/eu-report-israel-201cactively-pursuing-the-illegal-annexation201d-of-east-jerusalem|publisher=FMEP|title=EU Report: Israel "Actively Pursuing the Illegal Annexation" of East Jerusalem|volume= 19| issue = 2|date=March–April 2009|accessdate=2009-04-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fmep.org/reports/archive/vol.-19/no.-2/eu-report-israel-201cactively-pursuing-the-illegal-annexation201d-of-east-jerusalem |title=EU Report: Israel "Actively Pursuing the Illegal Annexation" of East Jerusalem — FMEP |publisher=Fmep.org |date=2008-12-15 |accessdate=2011-03-28}}</ref> though [[Israel]] disputes this. The [[United States government|U.S. government]] has traditionally refrained from calling Israeli neighborhoods in East Jerusalem "settlements."<ref name=Jpost>Krieger, Hillary, Keinon, Herb, and Abu Toameh, Khaled. [http://www.jpost.co/Israel/Article.aspx?id=88107 Rice: US entirely opposed to Har Homa] Jerusalem Post. 8 April 2008</ref> Ramot is one the Jerusalem [[Neighborhoods of the Ring, Jerusalem|ring neighborhoods]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Ramot is north and west of the center of Jerusalem. The neighborhood is built upon two elongated ridges about 100–200 meters above the surrounding landscape (heights of 693–876 meters above sea level). Between the ridges is the [[Golda Meir]] highway, leading to [[Tel Aviv]]. Travel time to the center of Jerusalem is about 15 minutes and [[Har Hotzvim]] industrial park is about 7 minutes .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbn.org.il/communities/template/community/75 |title=Nefesh B'Nefesh - Aliyah Live the Dream |publisher=Nbn.org.il |date=2006-03-27 |accessdate=2011-03-28}}</ref> |
Ramot is north and west of the center of Jerusalem. The neighborhood is built upon two elongated ridges about 100–200 meters above the surrounding landscape (heights of 693–876 meters above sea level). Between the ridges is the [[Golda Meir]] highway, leading to [[Tel Aviv]]. Travel time to the center of Jerusalem is about 15 minutes and [[Har Hotzvim]] industrial park is about 7 minutes .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbn.org.il/communities/template/community/75 |title=Nefesh B'Nefesh - Aliyah Live the Dream |publisher=Nbn.org.il |date=2006-03-27 |accessdate=2011-03-28}}</ref> |
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==Legal status== |
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Ramot is administered by Israel as being within Jerusalem. However, due to the neighborhood having been built across the Green Line in [[East Jerusalem]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11550263|title=Israel plan for 238 settler homes draws Palestinian ire|work=BBC News|date=15 October 2010}}<br />{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11721475|work=BBC News|title=Obama raps Israeli plans for 1,300 Jewish settler homes|date=9 November 2010}}<br />{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/09/world/middleeast/09mideast.html|work=The New York Times|title=Israel Plans 1,000 Housing Units in East Jerusalem|date=8 November 2010|last=Kershner|first=Isabel}}</ref><ref name=Neighborhood1>"Leor Tubul, 17 years old, and Ronan Karamani, 18, vanished at a busy intersection outside the Ramot neighborhood, a Jewish suburb built in an area that had been the West Bank before Israel annexed East Jerusalem in 1967." [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE3D91438F934A3575BC0A966958260 Slaying of 2 Jews Stirs Violence in Jerusalem] ''[[New York Times]]'' August 7, 1990.</ref> the international community considers Ramot to be an [[Israeli settlement]]. In a move condemned by the UN Security Council as "null and void" and not recognized by the international community, Israel unilaterally annexed East Jerusalem and maintains that developments in East Jerusalem are not settlements. The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal under international law, violating the [[Fourth Geneva Convention]]'s prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population into territory held under [[military occupation]], though Israel disputes this.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/mar/11/israel-homes-east-jerusalem-talks|work=The Guardian|title=Israel plans more East Jerusalem homes as talks collapse|last=McCarthy|first=Rory|date=11 March 2010}}</ref> |
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==Demography== |
==Demography== |
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Revision as of 15:14, 7 May 2011
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31°48′43″N 35°12′0″E / 31.81194°N 35.20000°E
- For the moshav in the Golan Heights, see Ramot, Golan Heights.
Ramot (Template:Lang-he-n, lit. Heights), also known as Ramot Alon (Hebrew: רמות אלון, lit. Alon Heights), is a large housing development in northwestern Jerusalem.[1] Because part of Ramot lies north of the Green Line[2] the international community considers Ramot an Israeli settlement in East Jerusalem. The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal under international law,[3][4][5] though Israel disputes this. The U.S. government has traditionally refrained from calling Israeli neighborhoods in East Jerusalem "settlements."[6] Ramot is one the Jerusalem ring neighborhoods.
History
Ramot was established in 1974. The name is based on the biblical city of Rama, where the Prophet Samuel lived and was brought for burial: And Samuel died, and all Israel gathered together and mourned him, and they buried him near his home in Rama (Samuel I, 25:1). According to tradition, Rama was situated on one of the highest peaks of the Judean Hills, 885 meters above sea level. Modern Ramot was built on a hill overlooking the land of the tribe of Benjamin. After the death of Yigal Allon, the neighborhood was renamed Ramot Alon.[7]
Between the 1949 Armistice Agreements and the Six-Day War in 1967, the area was in the demilitarized zone between Israeli and Jordanian lines.[8]
Geography
Ramot is north and west of the center of Jerusalem. The neighborhood is built upon two elongated ridges about 100–200 meters above the surrounding landscape (heights of 693–876 meters above sea level). Between the ridges is the Golda Meir highway, leading to Tel Aviv. Travel time to the center of Jerusalem is about 15 minutes and Har Hotzvim industrial park is about 7 minutes .[9]
Legal status
Ramot is administered by Israel as being within Jerusalem. However, due to the neighborhood having been built across the Green Line in East Jerusalem,[10][11] the international community considers Ramot to be an Israeli settlement. In a move condemned by the UN Security Council as "null and void" and not recognized by the international community, Israel unilaterally annexed East Jerusalem and maintains that developments in East Jerusalem are not settlements. The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal under international law, violating the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population into territory held under military occupation, though Israel disputes this.[12]
Demography
Ramot has a population of 50,000.[13] It is divided into six sections, from Ramot 1, the oldest section, to Ramot 6, the newest section. Ramot 5 is the commercial center.
The population is ethnically and religiously diverse, and housing ranges from expensive, single-family homes to inexpensive, multi-level apartments. Ramot has a large Orthodox and Haredi population.
Archaeology
There are Crusader era remains in Ramot 2 and Ramot 6.[14] In May 2005, a salvage excavation conducted in the Ramot neighborhood on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority found a rock hewn burial cave surmounted by a massive rectangular building and a columbarium cave. Potsherds dating to the Ottoman period were discovered on the floor of the building. Fragments of jars and cooking pots dating to the Early Roman period were discovered in the columbarium, which is characteristic of the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods.[15]
Khirbet Tililiya is the site of an ancient ruined fortress on a high hill in the center of Ramot Alon. The ruins are dated to the Second Temple period (Hasmonean and Herodian).[14]
See also
References
- ^ Journal of architectural and planning research. Elsevier. 1991. p. 59. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
- ^ "They began planting neighborhoods such as Ramot Allon on annexed West Bank land..." Clashing values alter a city’s face by Richard Boudreaux, Los Angeles Times June 05, 2007
- ^ MacAskill, Ewen (15 October 2010). "Israel provokes Palestinians and US by going ahead with new settlements". guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
The Israeli government regards both as part of Israel but the Palestinians, and almost all of the international community, see them as illegal, built on Palestinian land occupied by Israeli in 1967.
- ^ "EU Report: Israel "Actively Pursuing the Illegal Annexation" of East Jerusalem". 19 (2). FMEP. March–April 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "EU Report: Israel "Actively Pursuing the Illegal Annexation" of East Jerusalem — FMEP". Fmep.org. 2008-12-15. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
- ^ Krieger, Hillary, Keinon, Herb, and Abu Toameh, Khaled. Rice: US entirely opposed to Har Homa Jerusalem Post. 8 April 2008
- ^ Ramot Alon neighborhood
- ^ [1], as seen in official map: [2]
- ^ "Nefesh B'Nefesh - Aliyah Live the Dream". Nbn.org.il. 2006-03-27. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
- ^ "Israel plan for 238 settler homes draws Palestinian ire". BBC News. 15 October 2010.
"Obama raps Israeli plans for 1,300 Jewish settler homes". BBC News. 9 November 2010.
Kershner, Isabel (8 November 2010). "Israel Plans 1,000 Housing Units in East Jerusalem". The New York Times. - ^ "Leor Tubul, 17 years old, and Ronan Karamani, 18, vanished at a busy intersection outside the Ramot neighborhood, a Jewish suburb built in an area that had been the West Bank before Israel annexed East Jerusalem in 1967." Slaying of 2 Jews Stirs Violence in Jerusalem New York Times August 7, 1990.
- ^ McCarthy, Rory (11 March 2010). "Israel plans more East Jerusalem homes as talks collapse". The Guardian.
- ^ Jerusalem's second biggest mall to open in 2011
- ^ a b Amos Kloner; Agudah le-seḳer arkheʼologi shel Yiśraʼel (2003). Survey of Jerusalem: the northwestern sector, introduction and indices. רשות העתיקות ,האגודה לסקר ארכיאולוגי של ישראל. p. 255. ISBN 9789654060806. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ Excavations and surveys in Israel: Jerusalem, Ramot
![[2]](http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/cf02d057b04d356385256ddb006dc02f/f03d55e48f77ab698525643b00608d34/$FILE/Arm_1949.jpg){kind=link}