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'''Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani''' ({{lang-az|سکینه محمدی آشتیانی}}, {{lang-fa|سکینه محمدی آشتیانی}}), is an Iranian woman who has gained the attention of human rights groups and people throughout the world for a conviction of <ref>http://www.presstv.ir/detail/140508.html</ref> complicitcy in murder and committing adultery twice and accompanying sentence of death by stoning. <ref>http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141695.html</ref> Since 2006, she has been imprisoned and under a death sentence in [[Tabriz]], Iran after being convicted twice on adultery charges. <ref>{{cite news |t[[File:Example.jpg]]itle=Iran woman escapes stoning death for adultery |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10565103 |publisher=BBC News |date=8 July 2010 |accessdate=17 February 2010}}</ref> An international campaign to overturn her sentence was started by her children, Farideh and Sajjad Qaderzadeh through a letter about their mother's case which was published by ''mission free Iran''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://missionfreeiran.org/2010/06/26/sakine-children-2/ |title=Letter from the Children of Sakine Mohammadi: Protest Against our Mother’s Stoning |publisher=Mission Free Iran |date=26 June 2010 |accessdate=17 February 2011}}</ref> Prominent media sources picked up on the news via interviews with her son, which included information on her [[stoning]] sentence. <ref>{{cite news|last=Somra|first=Gena|title=Son pleads for help as mother awaits stoning in Iran|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2010-07-06/world/iran.stoning_1_ayatollah-khamenei-mina-ahadi-supreme-leader?_s=PM:WORLD|accessdate=12 February 2011|newspaper=Cable News Network|date=6 July 2010}}</ref> The international publicity generated by Ashtiani's situation led to numerous diplomatic conflicts between Iran's government and the heads of certain western governments. As a result, her execution has been stayed indefinitly. <ref>[http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20101103/iran-stoning-101103/20101103/?hub=TorontoNewHome Iranian woman's execution delayed amid backlash]</ref> She was also charged and found guilty of murdering her husband, manslaughter and adultery.<ref name="latimesblogs.latimes.com">{{Cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2010/07/iran-stoning-sakineh-ashtiani.html|title=IRAN: Judiciary official says woman to be stoned for husband's murder, not just adultery|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=July 12, 2010|quote=had been convicted and sentenced to stoning for adultery had also been convicted of murder ... committing murder, manslaughter and adultery" |accessdate=July 14, 2010}}</ref>{{Verify source|date=April 2011}} However, there is contradictory information on this from her attorneys and NGO's who are advocating for her case.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kamali Dehghan|first=Saeed|title=Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani's family turned away from prison visit|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/aug/27/sakineh-mohammadi-ashtiani-family-visit|accessdate=11 February 2011|newspaper=Guardian News & Media|date=27 August 2010}}</ref>
'''Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani''' ({{lang-az|سکینه محمدی آشتیانی — ''Səkinə Məhəmmədi Aştiani''}}, {{lang-fa|سکینه محمدی آشتیانی}}), is an Iranian woman who has gained the attention of human rights groups and people throughout the world for a conviction of <ref>http://www.presstv.ir/detail/140508.html</ref> complicitcy in murder and committing adultery twice and accompanying sentence of death by stoning. <ref>http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141695.html</ref> Since 2006, she has been imprisoned and under a death sentence in [[Tabriz]], Iran after being convicted twice on adultery charges. <ref>{{cite news |t[[File:Example.jpg]]itle=Iran woman escapes stoning death for adultery |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10565103 |publisher=BBC News |date=8 July 2010 |accessdate=17 February 2010}}</ref> An international campaign to overturn her sentence was started by her children, Farideh and Sajjad Qaderzadeh through a letter about their mother's case which was published by ''mission free Iran''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://missionfreeiran.org/2010/06/26/sakine-children-2/ |title=Letter from the Children of Sakine Mohammadi: Protest Against our Mother’s Stoning |publisher=Mission Free Iran |date=26 June 2010 |accessdate=17 February 2011}}</ref> Prominent media sources picked up on the news via interviews with her son, which included information on her [[stoning]] sentence. <ref>{{cite news|last=Somra|first=Gena|title=Son pleads for help as mother awaits stoning in Iran|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2010-07-06/world/iran.stoning_1_ayatollah-khamenei-mina-ahadi-supreme-leader?_s=PM:WORLD|accessdate=12 February 2011|newspaper=Cable News Network|date=6 July 2010}}</ref> The international publicity generated by Ashtiani's situation led to numerous diplomatic conflicts between Iran's government and the heads of certain western governments. As a result, her execution has been stayed indefinitly. <ref>[http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20101103/iran-stoning-101103/20101103/?hub=TorontoNewHome Iranian woman's execution delayed amid backlash]</ref> She was also charged and found guilty of murdering her husband, manslaughter and adultery.<ref name="latimesblogs.latimes.com">{{Cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2010/07/iran-stoning-sakineh-ashtiani.html|title=IRAN: Judiciary official says woman to be stoned for husband's murder, not just adultery|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=July 12, 2010|quote=had been convicted and sentenced to stoning for adultery had also been convicted of murder ... committing murder, manslaughter and adultery" |accessdate=July 14, 2010}}</ref>{{Verify source|date=April 2011}} However, there is contradictory information on this from her attorneys and NGO's who are advocating for her case.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kamali Dehghan|first=Saeed|title=Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani's family turned away from prison visit|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/aug/27/sakineh-mohammadi-ashtiani-family-visit|accessdate=11 February 2011|newspaper=Guardian News & Media|date=27 August 2010}}</ref>


Iran rejected claims that she was to be stoned, and accused the West of trying to use the case for political reasons regarding Iran's nuclear program. <ref>http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/134025.html</ref><ref>http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141733.html</ref>
Iran rejected claims that she was to be stoned, and accused the West of trying to use the case for political reasons regarding Iran's nuclear program. <ref>http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/134025.html</ref><ref>http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141733.html</ref>

Revision as of 11:03, 30 April 2011

Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani ([سکینه محمدی آشتیانی — Səkinə Məhəmmədi Aştiani] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help), Persian: سکینه محمدی آشتیانی), is an Iranian woman who has gained the attention of human rights groups and people throughout the world for a conviction of [1] complicitcy in murder and committing adultery twice and accompanying sentence of death by stoning. [2] Since 2006, she has been imprisoned and under a death sentence in Tabriz, Iran after being convicted twice on adultery charges. [3] An international campaign to overturn her sentence was started by her children, Farideh and Sajjad Qaderzadeh through a letter about their mother's case which was published by mission free Iran.[4] Prominent media sources picked up on the news via interviews with her son, which included information on her stoning sentence. [5] The international publicity generated by Ashtiani's situation led to numerous diplomatic conflicts between Iran's government and the heads of certain western governments. As a result, her execution has been stayed indefinitly. [6] She was also charged and found guilty of murdering her husband, manslaughter and adultery.[7][verification needed] However, there is contradictory information on this from her attorneys and NGO's who are advocating for her case.[8]

Iran rejected claims that she was to be stoned, and accused the West of trying to use the case for political reasons regarding Iran's nuclear program. [9][10] Iran had insituted a moratorium on stoning in 2002, which was renewed in 2008. However, that does not mean a sentence of stoning cannot be passed, and currently 9 others are under a stoning sentence in Iran, ranging from adultery, incest, and prostitution. Four of those sentences were commutted upon appeal. [11]

Biography

is an ethnic Azeri Iranian woman born ca. 1968 in the rural town of Osku, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.[12] Sakineh worked outside her home for a short time as a kindergarten teacher. [13][14][15]

Trial

In 2005, Ebrahim Qaderzadeh, Ashtiani's husband, aged 44, was murdered by electrocution by his cousin, Isa Taheri. [16]

On May 15, 2006 Sakineh was found guilty for having an "illicit relationship outside marriage."[17] [18] The court handed down a punishment of 99 lashes, her son was allowed to witness the sentence's implementation.[19]

Ashtiani had allegedly committed adultery with the man who murdered her husband, Isa Taheri.[20][citation needed] Taheri was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death. Under Islamic law, murder must be absolved by diyya or qisas. Ashtiani's children accepted diyya, which is blood money, rather than qisas, which is retribution (execution). Taheri was sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment.[20][21]

In September 2006, her case was brought up again, where she was tried for adultery and murder. She was found not guilty of murder, but found guilty of being an accessory to murder, and given 10 years imprisonment in Tabriz Prison.[22] She told the court that she had pleaded guilty earlier, but then suddenly recanted her confession in front of the court.[23] She was convicted of adultery once again, and this time sentenced to death by stoning. [24] Ashtiani may have had difficulty understanding the case[25] [26]because she speaks Azeri and not Farsi.[27] Malek Ejdar Sharifi, head of East Azerbaijan Province's judiciary said, "She was sentenced to capital punishment... for committing murder, manslaughter and adultery."[28] [failed verification] However, according to Mission Free Iran, an advocacy group, this is contrary to the documentation on Ashtiani's case.[29][7] Iran's Supreme Court confirmed her death sentence on May 27, 2007, and her appeal was turned down.[21]

The Press Section of the Iranian Embassy in London, issued the following statement on July 8, 2010: "Considering the statements made by the Foreign Office Minister Alistair Burt on an Iranian national, Mrs Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, and her execution, hereby this mission denies the false news aired in this respect and notifies the Ministry that according to information from the relevant judicial authorities in Iran, she will not be executed by stoning punishment."[30]

Reporters in Iran have been banned from reporting on the case.[31] One of her lawyers, Mohammed Mostafaei, fled the country when he was charged with financial fraud.[32] Mostafaei sought asylum internationally, first in Turkey, and then Norway, where he was reunited with his family on September 2, 2010. [33]

On August 4, 2010, the Iranian authorities told Ashtiani's lawyer, Houtan Kian, that she faces death by hanging.[34] On the same day, Tehran's High Court rejected a reopening of the trial and instead considered the Tabriz prosecutor's demand to execute Ashtiani. Her case was subsequently transferred to the deputy prosecutor-general Saeed Mortazavi.[35] Ashtiani's son was told that the file on his father's murder case has been lost. Her son added that "they are lying about the charges against my mother. She was acquitted of murdering my father but now the government is building up their own story against her".[36] Her son's statement is contradicted by numerous Iranian news accounts describing her as being convicted of both murder and adultery.[37][38]

On August 12, 2010, Ashtiani was televised from Tabriz prison on an Iranian state-run television program which showed her confessing in native Azerbaijani language to adultery and involvement with the murder of her husband once again. Her lawyer claimed she was tortured for two days prior to the interview.[39]

On August 28, Ashtiani was given the 24-hour notice that she was to be hanged at dawn the next day. She wrote her last will and testament just before the call to morning prayer at 5:00 AM local time, when she expected to be led to the gallows at Tabriz Prison. However the sentence was stayed.[36] Also on August 28, 2010, British newspaper The Times published a photograph of an unveiled woman, identified as Ashtiani; the photograph had been provided to the Times by her former lawyer Mohammed Mostafaei.

On September 2, 2010, Ashtiani's son and current lawyer reported that she had been additionally convicted of "spreading corruption and indecency" for appearing unveiled and sentenced to 99 lashes. The Times subsequently reported that the photograph was not of Mrs. Ashtiani, but of Susan Hejrat, an Iranian activist living in Sweden.[40] Western newspapers said Ashtiani was then subjected to another round of 99 lashes, predicated on the mistaken photograph. However, Ashtiani was again shown on Iranian television on September 15, 2010, where she clarified that she had not been tortured and had not been whipped as a result of The Times photograph.[38]

Suspension of the stoning sentence

On September 8, 2010, Ramin Mehmanparast, a spokesman for Iran's Foreign Ministry, confirmed that the government had suspended the stoning sentence pending a review of her husband's murder case. [citation needed] Isa Taheri was found guilty and convicted, and received 10 years' imprisonment after Ashtiani's children promptly forgave him, sparing him the death sentence.[20] She had been found guilty of murder in 2006.[37]

Following vociferous domestic and international controversy and outcry over stoning in the early years of the Islamic republic, the government placed a moratorium on stoning in 2002.[41] In 2008, Iran's judiciary decided to submit a new draft penal code to parliament for approval.[42] [failed verification] In January 2005, a spokesman for Iran's judiciary, Jamal Karimirad, was quoted as saying "Stoning has been dropped from the penal code for a long time, and in the Islamic republic, we do not see such punishments being carried out", further adding that if stoning sentences were passed by lower courts, they were over-ruled by higher courts and "no such verdicts have been carried out". In 2008, Iran's judiciary scrapped stoning in draft legislation submitted to parliament for approval.[43] As of June 2009, Iran's parliament has been reviewing and revising the Islamic penal code to omit stoning.[44]

Mehmanparast added, [clarification needed] that she was guilty of both adultery and murder and that her case was undeserving of the international attention it had drawn. He said that releasing murderers should not be made into a human rights issue and called on countries criticising Iran to release all their murderers as well.[45] According to the human rights organisation Iran Human Rights, Ashtiani remains in danger of capital punishment by hanging.[46]

Iran Human Rights also expressed its concerns over Mehmanparast's statement about "Sakineh's murder charge being investigated for the final verdict". Commenting on this statement, the spokesperson of Iran Human Rights, Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, said: "The fact that the authorities are mentioning murder charges now, could mean that Ashtiani is in danger of being sentenced to death for murder". France's Foreign Minister, according to Reuters reported that, based on a telephone call to his Iranian counterpart, Ashtiani's hanging might be called off.[47] A human rights group claimed that Ashtiani was sentenced to be hanged on November 3, 2010; this never materialized, and Iranian authorities clarified that Ashtiani was "held in the prison of Tabriz and in perfect health."[48]

Her son was arrested in October 2010, after speaking to two German reporters, who had entered the country on tourist visas.[49][50] He was released on $40,000 bail in December.[49] On January 1, 2011, he was shown on television admitting he did not doubt his mother was guilty... but urged Iranian authorities to let her live.[49][51] He also said it was unfair that Isa Taheri was free.[49][52] Press TV reported that the deceased husband's "next of kin waived their right to retribution", see (diyya and qisas) and he was sentenced to 10 years in prison.[53]

International campaign

Mrs. Ashtiani's two children began a campaign to overturn their mother's conviction. In June 2010, they wrote a letter to the world asking for help to save their mother, which was then first published on June 26, 2010, by Mission Free Iran's International Committee against Stoning.[54] The letter brought widespread attention in 2010 as a result of grassroots campaigning through social networking sites that led to the letter's being passed along to mainstream mass media. [citation needed]

During July 2010, protests occurred in Rome, London and Washington, D.C., among other cities.[55][56] Calls to stop her execution came from leading human rights groups Avaaz, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch as well as from several high-profile celebrities.[57][58][59][60] A petition was created in support of her release, and has been signed by several additional prominent activists.[61]

On July 31, 2010, the president of Brazil, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, said he would ask the Iranian president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, to send Mrs. Ashtiani to Brazil, where she would be granted asylum.[62] According to the Brazilian Foreign Ministry, the Brazilian ambassador in Tehran was directly instructed to communicate their asylum proposal to the Iranian government.[63] Iranian officials responded by suggesting that Lula had "not received enough information about the case".[64] U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton mentioned Mrs. Ashtiani in a declaration on August 10, 2010, urging Iran to respect the fundamental freedoms of its citizens.[65]

In late August 2010, the Iranian newspaper Kayhan called Carla Bruni-Sarkozy, the First Lady of France, a "prostitute" who "deserved death" after she condemned the stoning sentence against Mrs. Ashtiani.[66][67] Iranian officials condemned this statement and[68] Ahmadinejad condemned Kayhan's comments toward Mrs. Bruni-Sarkozy's as a "crime" and "against Islam" .[69]

A resolution by the European Parliament on September 8, 2010, declared that "a sentence of death by stoning can never be justified". The vote passed by a margin of 658–1, the sole vote against having been made in error and later rectified, according to the Associated Press.[70] On September 29, 2010, EveryOne Group, a human rights organisation based in Italy, appealed to the Iranian Authorities for an act of compassion for Mrs. Ashtiani.[71]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.presstv.ir/detail/140508.html
  2. ^ http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141695.html
  3. ^ . BBC News. 8 July 2010 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10565103. Retrieved 17 February 2010. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |title= ignored (help)
  4. ^ "Letter from the Children of Sakine Mohammadi: Protest Against our Mother's Stoning". Mission Free Iran. 26 June 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
  5. ^ Somra, Gena (6 July 2010). "Son pleads for help as mother awaits stoning in Iran". Cable News Network. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  6. ^ Iranian woman's execution delayed amid backlash
  7. ^ a b "IRAN: Judiciary official says woman to be stoned for husband's murder, not just adultery". Los Angeles Times. July 12, 2010. Retrieved July 14, 2010. had been convicted and sentenced to stoning for adultery had also been convicted of murder ... committing murder, manslaughter and adultery"
  8. ^ Kamali Dehghan, Saeed (27 August 2010). "Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani's family turned away from prison visit". Guardian News & Media. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  9. ^ http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/134025.html
  10. ^ http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141733.html
  11. ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/2507499/Iran-suspends-execution-by-stoning.html
  12. ^ Sixth Branch of the Criminal Court of the Province of Eastern Azerbaijan, The. "Stonning : The Court Verdict Concerning Sakineh Ashtiani". Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  13. ^ Levy, Bernard-Henri. "The Stoning of Sakineh A looming atrocity in Iran". Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  14. ^ "Sakineh Ashtiani Under Threat". VOANews. 11-07-2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) After recent reports that the Iranian regime was about to execute Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, the Azeri-Iranian woman whose stoning sentence for adultery was suspended after an international outcry earlier this year, many are again expressing their outrage and horror.
  15. ^ Daragahi, Borzou (July 09, 2010). "Iran says woman won't be stoned to death". Los Angeles Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) The trial of Ashtiani unfolded in the province of East Azerbaijan. Her defenders say Ashtiani, a member of Iran's ethnic Azeri community, could not clearly understand the Persian-language court proceedings.
  16. ^ Usborne, David (13 August 2010). "Televised 'confession' of Iranian stoning convict causes outrage". The Independent. Retrieved 16 February 2011.
  17. ^ "FAQs about the sentencing of Sakineh Mohammadi-Ashtiani". Global Campaign to Stop Killing and Stoning Women, The. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  18. ^ Dehghan, Saeed Kamali (2 July 2010). "Campaign for Iranian woman facing death by stoning". Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  19. ^ Lévy, Bernard-Henri (2 September 2010). "Interview: Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani's Son, Sajjad, Speaks". Huffington Post. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  20. ^ a b c http://www.presstv.ir/detail/140508.html
  21. ^ a b "Iran: Prevent Woman's Execution for Adultery". Human Rights Watch. July 7, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2010.
  22. ^ "Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani: a timeline". Guardian News and Media. 9 December 2010. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  23. ^ "Iran airs 'interview with Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani'". BBC News. 16 September 2010. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  24. ^ Sixth Branch of the Criminal Court of the Province of Eastern Azerbaijan, The. "Stonning : The Court Verdict Concerning Sakineh Ashtiani" (in English (translation from Farsi)). Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation. Retrieved 11 February 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  25. ^ Dehghan, Saeed Kamali. "Iranians still facing death by stoning despite 'reprieve'". Guardian News and Mediadate=July 8, 2010. Retrieved February 24, 2011.
  26. ^ "Iran delivers an ambiguous reprieve". The Irish Times. July 10, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2010. Ashtiani, a member of the Azerbijani minority who did not understand the proceedings
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  29. ^ http://missionfreeiran.org/2010/09/19/icae-pr72-sajjad-v-ahmadi/
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  48. ^ http://www.presstv.ir/detail/151155.html
  49. ^ a b c d Karimi, Nasser. "Son of Iran woman to be stoned wants new sentence". Associated Press – Sat Jan 1, 2:31 pm ET. Retrieved 2011-01-09. freed on Dec. 12 after posting a $40,000 bail ... He said he was arrested because the German journalists broke the law by entering the country on tourist visas ... Qaderzadeh told journalists that he didn't doubt his mother was guilty ... Qaderzadeh said it was not fair that his mother was in jail but that the man who murdered his father, Isa Taheri, was free.
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  65. ^ "Urging Iran to Respect the Fundamental Freedoms of its Citizens". www.state.gov. August 10, 2010.
  66. ^ Black, Ian (August 31, 2010). "Iranian media warned after paper calls Carla Bruni-Sarkozy a 'prostitute'". The Guardian. London.
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  68. ^ "Iran Distances Itself from Insult to Bruni-Sarkozy". FOX. August 31, 2010.
  69. ^ "Ahmadinejad says Bruni insult a 'crime'". The Sydney Morning Herald. September 19, 2010.
  70. ^ Cassert, Raf (September 8, 2010). "European pressure mounts on Iran over stoning case". The Associated Press. Retrieved September 9, 2010.
  71. ^ "EveryOne Group appeals for an act of compassion towards Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani" (Press release). EveryOne Group. September 29, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.

External links

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