Thapunngaka: Difference between revisions
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'''''Thapunngaka''''' ({{IPA-all|dɑːbuːnŋɑːrgɑːr}} meaning "Spear Mouth" in [[Ngawun language|Wanamara]]) is a genus of [[Anhangueridae|anhanguerid]] pterosaur recovered from the [[Early Cretaceous]] marine [[Toolebuc Formation]] in [[Queensland]], [[Australia]]. ''Thapunngaka'' represents the largest pterosaur known from the Australian continent.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Richards |
'''''Thapunngaka''''' ({{IPA-all|dɑːbuːnŋɑːrgɑːr}} meaning "Spear Mouth" in [[Ngawun language|Wanamara]]) is a genus of [[Anhangueridae|anhanguerid]] pterosaur recovered from the [[Early Cretaceous]] marine [[Toolebuc Formation]] in [[Queensland]], [[Australia]]. ''Thapunngaka'' represents the largest pterosaur known from the Australian continent.<ref name="Thapunngaka">{{cite journal|vauthors=Richards, T.M.; Stumkat, P.E; Salisbury, S.W.|year=2021|title=A new species of crested pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) of Richmond, North West Queensland, Australia|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=Online edition|pages=e1946068|doi=10.1080/02724634.2021.1946068|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=brisbanetimes>{{Cite news|last=Layt|first=Stuart|date=August 9, 2021|title=Largest Australian pterosaur ever discovered was a ‘bat on steroids’|work=Brisbane Times|url=https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/largest-australian-pterosaur-ever-discovered-was-a-bat-on-steroids-20210809-p58h57.html|access-date=August 9, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=August 9, 2021|title=Fossil of New Crested Pterosaur Discovered in Australia|work=Sci News|url=http://www.sci-news.com/paleontology/thapunngaka-shawi-09939.html|access-date=August 9, 2021}}</ref> The genus currently contains a single species, '''''Thapunngaka shawi'''''. |
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==Discovery and naming |
==Discovery and naming== |
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''Thapunngaka'' was initially discovered in June 2011 within the [[Early Cretaceous|Lower Cretaceous]], Upper [[Albian]] [[Toolebuc Formation]] on [[Wanamara]] Country, North West [[Queensland]], [[Australia]] by [[Fossicking|fossicker]] Mr. Len Shaw. It would later be excavated from the surrounding rock by the Kronosaurus Korner Museum. The genus would later be described in 2021 on the basis of the [[holotype]] '''''KKF 494''''', representing only a partial [[mandible]] lacking [[dentition]].<ref name=brisbanetimes /> Additionally, after the initial description the [[Kronosaurus]] Korner museum would later put the holotype of display for the general public.<ref name=brisbanetimes /> |
''Thapunngaka'' was initially discovered in June 2011 within the [[Early Cretaceous|Lower Cretaceous]], Upper [[Albian]] [[Toolebuc Formation]] on [[Wanamara]] Country, North West [[Queensland]], [[Australia]] by [[Fossicking|fossicker]] Mr. Len Shaw. It would later be excavated from the surrounding rock by the Kronosaurus Korner Museum. The genus would later be described in 2021 on the basis of the [[holotype]] '''''KKF 494''''', representing only a partial [[mandible]] lacking [[dentition]].<ref name=brisbanetimes /> Additionally, after the initial description the [[Kronosaurus]] Korner museum would later put the holotype of display for the general public.<ref name=brisbanetimes /> |
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The [[type species]] ''Thapunngaka shawi'' was described by Timothy Richards, Paul Stumkat and Steven Salisbury from the Kronosaurus Korner museum. The genus name Thapunngaka, incorporates words from the [[Wanamara]], one of the [[Mayi languages]] spoken by the people of the Wanamara Nation, on whose Country the holotype was discovered. The generic name incorporates the words 'thapun' {{IPA-all|dɑːbuːn}} and 'ngaka' {{IPA-all|ŋɑːrgɑːr}}, the Wanamara words for ‘spear’ and ‘mouth’, translating to "Spear Mouth" in the Wanamara language. The specific name ''shawi'' honors the discoverer of the holotype, Mr. Len Shaw. Therefore the full name translates to ‘Shaw’s spear mouth’. |
The [[type species]] ''Thapunngaka shawi'' was described by Timothy Richards, Paul Stumkat and Steven Salisbury from the Kronosaurus Korner museum. The genus name ''Thapunngaka'', incorporates words from the [[Wanamara]], one of the [[Mayi languages]] spoken by the people of the Wanamara Nation, on whose Country the holotype was discovered. The generic name incorporates the words 'thapun' {{IPA-all|dɑːbuːn}} and 'ngaka' {{IPA-all|ŋɑːrgɑːr}}, the Wanamara words for ‘spear’ and ‘mouth’, translating to "Spear Mouth" in the Wanamara language. The specific name ''shawi'' honors the discoverer of the holotype, Mr. Len Shaw. Therefore the full name translates to ‘Shaw’s spear mouth’.<ref name="Thapunngaka"/> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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The wingspan of ''Thapunngaka'' was estimated by a comparison with related species. It would be between 5.83 |
The wingspan of ''Thapunngaka'' was estimated by a comparison with related species. It would be between {{convert|5.83|to|9.47|m|ft|sp=us}}, based on an extrapolation from ''[[Anhanguera piscator]]'' and ''[[Tropeognathus mesembrinus]]'' respectively. The lower jaws more strongly resembled those of ''A. piscator'', from which it was concluded that a span of six to seven metres was probable.<ref name="Thapunngaka"/> |
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==Classification== |
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In its description, ''Thapunngaka'' was assigned within the subfamily Tropeognathinae of the family [[Anhangueridae]], sister taxon to both ''[[Ferrodraco]]'' and ''[[Mythunga]]''.<ref name="Thapunngaka"/> The cladogram below shows a topology published by Richards and collegues in 2021, which is based on a study by Borja Holgado and Rodrigo Pêgas in 2020:<ref name="holgado2020">{{cite journal |last1=Holgado |first1=B. |last2=Pêgas |first2=R.V. |year=2020 |title=A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=65 |doi=10.4202/app.00751.2020|doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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{{clade|style=font-size:90%; line-height:90% |
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| label1=[[Anhangueridae]] |
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| 1={{clade |
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| label1=[[Tropeognathinae]] |
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| 1={{clade |
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| 1={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Siroccopteryx]]'' |
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| 2=''[[Tropeognathus]]'' |
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}} |
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| 2={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Mythunga]]'' |
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| 2=''[[Ferrodraco]]'' |
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| 3='''''Thapunngaka''''' |
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}} |
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}} |
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| label2=[[Coloborhynchinae]] |
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| 2={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Aerodraco]]'' |
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| 2={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Coloborhynchus]]'' |
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| 2={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Nicorhynchus]]'' |
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| 2=''[[Uktenadactylus]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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| label3=[[Anhanguerinae]] |
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| 3={{clade |
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| 1={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Caulkicephalus]]'' |
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| 2=''[[Guidraco]]'' |
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| 3=''[[Ludodactylus]]'' |
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}} |
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| 2={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Liaoningopterus]]'' |
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| 2={{clade |
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| 1=''[[Cearadactylus]]'' |
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| 2=''[[Maaradactylus]]'' |
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}} |
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| 3=''[[Anhanguera (pterosaur)|Anhanguera]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 10:01, 21 August 2021
| Thapunngaka Temporal range: Lower Cretaceous, Upper Albian,
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|---|---|
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| Artist's reconstruction of the Thapunngaka holotype | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Order: | †Pterosauria |
| Suborder: | †Pterodactyloidea |
| Family: | †Anhangueridae |
| Tribe: | †Mythungini |
| Genus: | †Thapunngaka Richards et al., 2021 |
| Type species | |
| Thapunngaka shawi Richards et al., 2021
| |
Thapunngaka (IPA: [dɑːbuːnŋɑːrgɑːr] meaning "Spear Mouth" in Wanamara) is a genus of anhanguerid pterosaur recovered from the Early Cretaceous marine Toolebuc Formation in Queensland, Australia. Thapunngaka represents the largest pterosaur known from the Australian continent.[1][2][3] The genus currently contains a single species, Thapunngaka shawi.
Discovery and naming
Thapunngaka was initially discovered in June 2011 within the Lower Cretaceous, Upper Albian Toolebuc Formation on Wanamara Country, North West Queensland, Australia by fossicker Mr. Len Shaw. It would later be excavated from the surrounding rock by the Kronosaurus Korner Museum. The genus would later be described in 2021 on the basis of the holotype KKF 494, representing only a partial mandible lacking dentition.[2] Additionally, after the initial description the Kronosaurus Korner museum would later put the holotype of display for the general public.[2]
The type species Thapunngaka shawi was described by Timothy Richards, Paul Stumkat and Steven Salisbury from the Kronosaurus Korner museum. The genus name Thapunngaka, incorporates words from the Wanamara, one of the Mayi languages spoken by the people of the Wanamara Nation, on whose Country the holotype was discovered. The generic name incorporates the words 'thapun' IPA: [dɑːbuːn] and 'ngaka' IPA: [ŋɑːrgɑːr], the Wanamara words for ‘spear’ and ‘mouth’, translating to "Spear Mouth" in the Wanamara language. The specific name shawi honors the discoverer of the holotype, Mr. Len Shaw. Therefore the full name translates to ‘Shaw’s spear mouth’.[1]
Description
The wingspan of Thapunngaka was estimated by a comparison with related species. It would be between 5.83 to 9.47 meters (19.1 to 31.1 ft), based on an extrapolation from Anhanguera piscator and Tropeognathus mesembrinus respectively. The lower jaws more strongly resembled those of A. piscator, from which it was concluded that a span of six to seven metres was probable.[1]
Classification
In its description, Thapunngaka was assigned within the subfamily Tropeognathinae of the family Anhangueridae, sister taxon to both Ferrodraco and Mythunga.[1] The cladogram below shows a topology published by Richards and collegues in 2021, which is based on a study by Borja Holgado and Rodrigo Pêgas in 2020:[4]
References
- ^ a b c d Richards, T.M.; Stumkat, P.E; Salisbury, S.W. (2021). "A new species of crested pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) of Richmond, North West Queensland, Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Online edition: e1946068. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1946068.
{{cite journal}}: Vancouver style error: punctuation in name 2 (help) - ^ a b c Layt, Stuart (August 9, 2021). "Largest Australian pterosaur ever discovered was a 'bat on steroids'". Brisbane Times. Retrieved August 9, 2021.
- ^ "Fossil of New Crested Pterosaur Discovered in Australia". Sci News. August 9, 2021. Retrieved August 9, 2021.
- ^ Holgado, B.; Pêgas, R.V. (2020). "A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 65. doi:10.4202/app.00751.2020.
