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1979 Pacific typhoon season

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1979 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedDecember 31, 1978
Last system dissipatedDecember 23, 1979
Strongest storm
NameTip (Most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded)
 • Maximum winds260 km/h (160 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure870 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions28
Total storms23
Typhoons13
Super typhoons4
Total fatalities> 541
Total damageUnknown
Pacific typhoon seasons
1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981

The 1979 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1979, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1979 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

Storms

28 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 23 became tropical storms. 13 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 4 reached super typhoon strength.

Typhoon Alice

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 31, 1978 – January 15, 1979
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (10-min);
930 hPa (mbar)

Very early on January 1 a tropical depression developed over the low latitudes of the open West Pacific. It tracked northwestward, reaching tropical storm strength that night and typhoon strength on the 5th. Alice turned to the west, and continued to intensify with generally favorable conditions to a peak of 130 mph winds on the 8th.[1] Cooler, drier air to the north caused Alice to weaken to a minimal typhoon, but as the typhoon turned to the northwest it briefly re-strengthened to a 115 mph typhoon on the 11th. Upper level winds, combined with the dry air, weakened Alice for good, causing it to dissipate on the 14th after stalling for three days. Alice caused extensive damage in the Marshall Islands.

Typhoon Bess (Auring)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationMarch 19 – March 25
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (10-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Cecil (Bebeng)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationApril 10 – April 20
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Dot (Karing)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 9 – May 17
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm 05W (Diding)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 17 – May 24
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Ellis (Etang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 29 – July 7
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Storm Faye (Gening)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 1 – July 9
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 08W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 23 – July 27
Peak intensity35 km/h (25 mph) (1-min);
1005 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Hope (Ising)

Main article: Typhoon Hope (1979)
Violent typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 24 – August 8
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min);
900 hPa (mbar)

A tropical depression formed southeast of Guam on July 24.[1] It headed to the west-northwest, but upper level shear from the TUTT caused the depression to dissipate on the 27th. It turned northward then westward, where it regenerated on the 28th. Intensification became more steady, with the depression reaching storm strength on the 28th and typhoon strength on the 29th. On the 31st, Hope reached a peak of 150 mph winds, but land interaction with Taiwan to the north weakened the storm. On August 2 95 mph Typhoon Hope hit southern China, only 10 miles east of Hong Kong. It weakened over the country while moving westward, but retained its satellite signature. Upon reaching the Bay of Bengal on the 7th, Hope restrengthened to a tropical storm, but moved over India and dissipated on the 8th. In Guangdong Province in China, the typhoon was responsible for around 100 deaths or missing people. Twelve people died along with 260 injured in Hong Kong. This was the strongest tropical cyclone to hit Hong Kong since Typhoon Rose in 1971.

Severe Tropical Storm Gordon (Herming)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 25 – July 31
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 11W (Luding)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 2 – August 7
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Irving (Mameng)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 7 – August 18
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression on August 7 east of the Philippines. It tracked to the north then to the west. Steering currents weakened, causing the depression to loop to the north. It was able to strengthen there, reaching tropical storm status on the 11th and typhoon status on the 13th. Irving continued to the north, attaining a peak of 100 mph winds on the 15th.[1] Its broad, loose wind field prevented it from strengthening further, and Irving weakened as it continued northward. On the 17th, Irving hit southwest South Korea as a minimal typhoon, and merged with a frontal boundary over extreme eastern Russia on the 18th. Torrential rains led to 150 fatalities, with damage at $10–$20 million (1979 USD).

Super Typhoon Judy (Neneng)

Violent typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 16 – August 26
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min);
910 hPa (mbar)

A tropical disturbance organized into a tropical storm on August 15. It tracked to the northwest, becoming a tropical storm on the 17th. Judy rapidly intensified, reaching typhoon status on the 18th and a peak of 155 mph winds on the 20th.[1] The super typhoon began to weaken as it passed south of Okinawa, and neared the Chinese coast on the 23rd and 24th. Judy turned to the northeast, and brushed past South Korea as a tropical depression on the 26th, shortly before dissipating. Judy passed through Guam and other Pacific islands, but damage was reported light there. However, the storm brought heavy rain to Korea as a tropical depression, killing 111 and more damage to an area hit by Irving just weeks before.

Tropical Depression 14W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 18 – August 20
Peak intensity35 km/h (25 mph) (1-min);
1005 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Ken (Oniang)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 30 – September 4
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Lola

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 1 – September 8
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Storm Mac (Pepang)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 12 – September 24
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Nancy

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 17 – September 22
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Owen (Rosing)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 22 – October 1
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min);
920 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Pamela

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 23 – September 26
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Roger (Sisang)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 3 – October 7
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Sarah (Trining-Uring)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 4 – October 15
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min);
930 hPa (mbar)

The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression in the eastern Vietnamese East Sea on September 30. It drifted eastward into Luzon, and looped to the southwest where it strengthened into a tropical storm on October 4.[1] Sarah, with weak steering currents, drifted to the south, becoming a typhoon on the 7th before hitting Palawan Island. The storm turned to the west, peaking at 130 mph winds on the 10th before the mid-level circulation became decoupled from the low-level circulation. Sarah weakened, and hit eastern Vietnam on the 14th as a 60 mph tropical storm. The storm brought heavy flooding and wind, causing massive crop damage and loss of life. Sarah then weakened to a low-pressure area on October 15, but its remnants continued to move east towards east of Manila, Philippines and curved again towards Vietnam and fully dissipated on October 23.

Super Typhoon Tip (Warling)

Violent typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 4 – October 19
Peak intensity260 km/h (160 mph) (10-min);
870 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Tip

Typhoon Tip is considered to be the most intense and largest tropical cyclone ever recorded in the world.[1] The cyclone formed on October 5, and after moving into a very favorable environment for development, quickly strengthened into Super Typhoon Tip on the 11th. On the 12th, Super Typhoon Tip continued to intensify, with winds at 190 miles per hour and central pressure at 870 millibars, the lowest barometric pressure ever recorded from a tropical cyclone. Tip ultimately hit Japan, causing 68 deaths and moderate damage. It dissipated on October 19.

Super Typhoon Vera (Yayang)

Violent typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 2 – November 7
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min);
915 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Storm Wayne (Ading)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 7 – November 13
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 26W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 1 – December 2
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Abby (Barang)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 1 – December 14
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Ben (Krising)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 20 – December 23
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
994 hPa (mbar)

Storm names

See also: Lists of tropical cyclone names and Tropical cyclone naming

During the season 23 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, when it was determined that they had become tropical storms. These names were contributed to a revised list starting this year, which now includes both female and male names.

Alice Bess Cecil Dot Ellis Faye Gordon Hope Irving Judy Ken Lola
Mac Nancy Owen Pamela Roger Sarah Tip Vera Wayne Abby Ben

Philippines

Auring Bebeng Karing Diding Etang
Gening Herming Ising Luding Mameng
Neneng Oniang Pepang Rosing Sisang
Trining Uring Warling Yayang
Auxiliary list
Ading
Barang Krising Dadang (unused) Erling (unused) Goying (unused)

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1983 season. This is the same list used for the 1975 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.

Retirement

Naming storms using both female and male names are suppose to be used alternatively. Because Alice is a female name followed by Bess with the same gender, the JTWC retired the name Alice and was replaced by Andy, a male name and was first used in the 1982 season.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f 1979 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS
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