653

653 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	653; DCLIII
Ab urbe condita	1406
Armenian calendar	102; ԹՎ ՃԲ
Assyrian calendar	5403
Balinese saka calendar	574–575
Bengali calendar	60
Berber calendar	1603
Buddhist calendar	1197
Burmese calendar	15
Byzantine calendar	6161–6162
Chinese calendar	壬子年 (Water Rat); 3350 or 3143; — to —; 癸丑年 (Water Ox); 3351 or 3144
Coptic calendar	369–370
Discordian calendar	1819
Ethiopian calendar	645–646
Hebrew calendar	4413–4414
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	709–710
- Shaka Samvat	574–575
- Kali Yuga	3753–3754
Holocene calendar	10653
Iranian calendar	31–32
Islamic calendar	32–33
Japanese calendar	Hakuchi 4; (白雉４年)
Javanese calendar	544–545
Julian calendar	653; DCLIII
Korean calendar	2986
Minguo calendar	1259 before ROC; 民前1259年
Nanakshahi calendar	−815
Seleucid era	964/965 AG
Thai solar calendar	1195–1196
Tibetan calendar	阳水鼠年; (male Water-Rat); 779 or 398 or −374; — to —; 阴水牛年; (female Water-Ox); 780 or 399 or −373

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century; 7th century ; 8th century;
Decades:	630s; 640s; 650s ; 660s; 670s;
Years:	650; 651; 652; 653 ; 654; 655; 656;

Year 653 (DCLIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 653 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

Emperor Constans II voluntarily surrenders Armenia to the Arabs following a truce with Muawiyah, governor of Syria. He grants the Armenians virtual autonomy and appoints the nakharar Theodor Rshtuni as ruler of Armenia.^[1]
Muawiyah leads a raid against Rhodes, taking the scattered pieces of the Colossus of Rhodes (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) and shipping it back to Syria where he destroys the bronze scrap to make coins.

King Rodoald is murdered after a six-month reign and is succeeded by Aripert I who is elected as king of the Lombards. He spreads Catholicism over the Lombard realm and builds many new churches through the kingdom.
Atto succeeds Theodelap as duke of Spoleto in Central Italy (approximate date).

King Penda of Mercia secures dominance over the area of Middle Anglia,^[2] where he establishes his son Peada as ruler.^[3]
Peada marries Alchflaed, daughter of king Oswiu of Bernicia, and is baptised at Ad Murum—in the region of Hadrian's Wall—by bishop Finan.
King Œthelwald of Deira rejects Oswiu's overlordship and turns to Penda instead. Penda mounts another attack of Bernicia (approximate date).
Talorgan I, nephew of Oswiu, is crowned king of the Picts. He probably accepts Northumbrian overlordship and pays tribute.^[4]
King Sigeberht I of Essex dies after a 36-year reign and is succeeded by his relative Sigeberht II.
Sigeberht II is persuaded by Oswiu to adopt Christianity as part of a mobilization against Penda.

Emperor Kōtoku sends an embassy to the court of the Tang Dynasty in China. Japanese ambassadors, priests and students sail for the capital Chang'an, but some of the ships are lost en route.
Prince Tenji of Japan changes his residence to Asuka (Nara Prefecture) with other imperial family members and ministers. Only emperor Kōtoku stays in the Naniwa Palace (approximate date).

June 17 – Pope Martin I is arrested in the Lateren in Rome along with Maximus the Confessor on orders of emperor Constans II and taken to imprisonment in Constantinople.
Northumbrian missionaries under St. Cedd are despatched to Essex to found the monastery at Bradwell-on-Sea.
The Temple of Sinheungsa in Gangwon Province (South Korea) is constructed by the Buddhist monk Jajang.

^ For the terms of this treaty see Kaegi, Walter (1992). "Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 196–197. ISBN 05214-8455-3
^ Kirby, Earliest English Kings, chapter 5, "The northern Anglian hegemony", section 'The reign of Oswald'
^ Kirby Earliest English Kings, page 78
^ Bede, H. E., book II, chapter 5