Helstone
50°36′01″N 4°42′10″W / 50.60018°N 4.70284°W
Helstone (Cornish: Hellys[1]) is a hamlet in north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated two miles (3 km) southwest of Camelford on the A39 road.[2]
History
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Helstone (or Helston in Trigg) was in the Middle Ages one of the chief manors of the Hundred of Trigg and perhaps in Celtic times the seat of a chieftain. In the Domesday Book this manor was held by Earl Robert of Mortain: there were 2 hides, land for 15 ploughs; the lord had 4 ploughs & 18 serfs; 20 villagers & 18 smallholders had 8 ploughs; 10 acres (40,000 m2) of woodland; 6 square leagues of pasture; five kinds of livestock, in total 195 beasts.[3] The manor of Penmayne was a dependency of this manor. It was one of the 17 Antiqua maneria of the Duchy of Cornwall.
The name Helstone is related to that of the Iron Age fort Hellesbury: it is from the Cornish hen + lis (old court) with the later addition of Anglo-Saxon tun.
In medieval times there were deer parks which contained fallow deer for hunting and eating. Two of these were at Helston in Trigg (Lanteglos), one of them was among the oldest deer parks in Cornwall and the other a new park. The then existing ducal parks were disparked by King Henry VIII about the year 1540 so that they became pasture for cattle.[4]
References
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- ^ "Place-names in the Single Written Form" (PDF). Maga Kernow - Cornish Language Partnership. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- ^ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 200 Newquay & Bodmin ISBN 978-0-319-22938-5
- ^ Thorn, Caroline; Thorn, Frank (1979). "Entry 5.1.4 Helstone". In Morris, John (ed.). Domesday Book: Cornwall. History from the Sources: Domesday Book. Vol. 10. Padel, Oliver translation. Chichester: Phillimore. ISBN 0850331560.
- ^ Henderson, Charles (1935) Essays in Cornish History; ed. by A. L. Rowse and M. I. Henderson. London: Oxford University Press; Cornish deer parks; pp. 159-162
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