Kingsbridge
| Kingsbridge | |
|---|---|
  Kingsbridge Location within Devon | |
| Population | 6,116 (2011 census) |
| OS grid reference | SX7344 |
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | KINGSBRIDGE |
| Postcode district | TQ7 |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Devon and Somerset |
| Ambulance | South Western |
Kingsbridge is a market town and tourist hub in the South Hams district of Devon, England, with a population of 6,116 at the 2011 census.[1] Two electoral wards bear the name of Kingsbridge (East & North). Their combined population at the above census was 4,381.[2][3] It is situated at the northern end of the Kingsbridge Estuary, a ria that extends to the sea six miles south of the town. It is the third largest settlement in the South Hams and is 32 miles (51 km) south-southwest of Exeter.
History
The town formed around a bridge which was built in or before the 10th century between the royal estates of Alvington, to the west, and Chillington, to the east, hence giving it the name of Kyngysbrygge ("King's bridge"). In 1219[4][5] the Abbot of Buckfast was granted the right to hold a market there, and by 1238 the settlement had become a borough.[4] The manor remained in possession of the abbot until the Dissolution of the Monasteries, when it was granted to Sir William Petre. Kingsbridge was never represented in Parliament or incorporated by charter, the local government being by a portreeve. It lay within the hundred of Stanborough.[6]
Kingsbridge is in fact a combination of two towns, Kingsbridge and Dodbrooke. Dodbrooke was granted its own market in 1257 and had become a borough by 1319. While Dodbrooke was originally considered to be the dominant of the two, Kingsbridge later expanded to include it. The town consists of two ecclesiastical parishes: St. Edmund's in the west and St. Thomas Becket at Dodbrooke in the east. St. Edmund's Church, in mainly Perpendicular style, retains some 13th-century features including a font, but was enlarged and reconsecrated around 1414 and was mostly rebuilt in the 19th century. The parish church of St. Thomas Becket displays a particularly well-preserved rood screen, restored in 1897.
In 1798 the town mills were converted into a woollen manufactory, which produced large quantities of cloth, and serge manufacture was introduced early in the 19th century. During the 19th century the town had an active coastal shipping trade, shipbuilding, a tannery, other industries and a large monthly cattle market. The chief exports were cider, corn, malt, and slate.[6]
The town centre retains many 18th and 19th century buildings. The Shambles, or market arcade, was rebuilt in 1796 but retains its 16th century granite piers. The former grammar school, now a museum, was founded and built by Thomas Crispin in 1670.[4]
Modern day
Kingsbridge has been the main market town in the area for centuries. Being situated within the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and its proximity to the spectacular south Devon coast and sailing venues, such as Salcombe, Kingsbridge has developed into a popular tourist destination. Its attractions include several restaurants, pubs, a cinema housed in the town hall building, and a museum devoted to the chemist William Cookworthy, born in Kingsbridge in 1705.[7]
There are two supermarkets in Kingsbridge: a Morrisons and a Tesco Store, which opened on Valentines Day 2011. It also has a large secondary school, Kingsbridge Community College, which has over 1000 pupils and serves the surrounding area. Kingsbridge is home to "the only nightclub in the South Hams", Coast, with the next nearest club being in Torquay.[8]
The town is linked to Plymouth and Dartmouth by the A379 road, and to Salcombe and Totnes by the A381. For seventy years Kingsbridge boasted a railway station until the branch line, via South Brent, was closed in 1963 as part of the reshaping of British railways, commonly known as The Beeching Axe. An industrial estate now occupies the site of the former station yard, but a railway bridge and a short section of overgrown embankment can be seen adjacent to the Plymouth road heading west out of the town.
Kingsbridge has its own Parish Council, the Mayor (at 2020) is Councillor Anne Balkwill.[9]
Geography
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Twin town
A twinning arrangement with Isigny-sur-Mer in Normandy, France, ended in 2019 after 58 years.[10]
Cultural associations
A song titled "Farewell to Kingsbridge" was collected by Sabine Baring-Gould at Lydford, Devon. It belongs to the years 1778-80 when soldiers stationed here had to depart for North America.[11]
Notable residents
- William Cookworthy (1705–1780), the discoverer of English china clay and producer of the first English porcelain, was born in the town.
- John Wolcot (1738–1819), poet and satirist who wrote under the name of "Peter Pindar", was born here.
- George Montagu (1753–1815), naturalist, after whom the bird Montagu's harrier was named, lived before his death at Knowle House, Kingsbridge, having been born in Wiltshire.
- John Scoble (1799– d. after 1867), anti-slavery campaigner in Britain and Canada, was born in Kingsbridge.
- William Henry Squire (1871–1963), composer, was educated in Kingsbridge.
- Vincent Harris (1876–1971), architect, was educated in the town.
- Maurice Fox-Strangways, 9th Earl of Ilchester (1920–2006), RAF officer and nuclear weapons engineer, was educated here.
- Sir William Mitchell (1925–2002), physicist, was born here.
- Mark Ellis (born 1988), professional footballer currently with Tranmere Rovers
- Giselle Ansley (1992–), England and Great Britain hockey player
See also
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kingsbridge". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 815. (Some text may have been edited).
- ^ "Town population 2011". Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ "Kingsbridge East 2011". Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ "Kingsbridge North 2011". Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ a b c W. G. Hoskins, Devon, 1954
- ^ However, the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica records a date of 1461.
- ^ a b Parishes - Kelly - Knowstone | British History Online
- ^ "Welcome". Kingsbridge Cookworthy Museum. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
- ^ "Welcome to Coast Bar & Nightclub". Coast Nightclub. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
- ^ "Kingsbridge Town Council".
- ^ "Twinning town bond ends after 58 years", South Hams Gazette, 4 March 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019
- ^ Reeves, James (1960) The Everlasting Circle. London: Heinemann; p. 110
Further reading
- Fox, Sarah Prideaux (1874) Kingsbridge Estuary: with rambles in the neighbourhood. Kingsbridge, Devon: Cookworthy Museum, 1982 (reissued)
- --do.-- (1974) Kingsbridge and its Surroundings. Plymouth (England): Printed for the compiler by G. P. Friend (first edition published as "Kingsbridge estuary, with rambles in the neighbourhood")