Nawab of Awadh

Nawab of Awadh
Nawab of Awadh
1732–1818
	Map of what used to be the territories of the "Nawab of Awadh", United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, 1903.
Capital	Faizabad ; Lucknow
Common languages	Urdu
Nawab
• 1722	Saadat Ali Khan I (first)
• 1818	Saadat Ali Khan II (last)
History
• Established	1732
• Disestablished	1818
Area
	62,072 km2 (23,966 sq mi)
Currency	rupee
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Mughal Empire
	British East India Company
North Western Provinces

The Nawab of Awadh or the Nawab of Oudh /ˈaʊd/ was the title of the rulers who governed the state of Awadh (anglicised as Oudh) in north India during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Nawabs of Awadh belonged to a dynasty of Persian origin from Nishapur, Iran.^[1]^[2]^[3] In 1724, Nawab Sa'adat Khan established the Oudh State with their capital in Faizabad and Lucknow.

History

The Nawabs of Awadh were semi-autonomous rulers within the fragmented polities of Mughal India after the death of Aurangzeb. They fought wars with the Peshwa, the Battle of Bhopal against the Maratha Confederacy which was opposed to the Mughal Empire, and the Battle of Karnal as courtiers of the "Great Moghul".

The Nawab of Awadh, along with many other Nawab were regarded as members of the nobility of the greater Mughal Empire. They joined Ahmad Shah Durrani during the Third Battle of Panipat and restored the imperial throne Shah Alam II. The Nawab of Awadh also fought the Battle of Buxar in the aftermath of the Battle of Plassey, preserving the interests of the Moghul. Oudh State eventually declared itself independent from the rule of the "Great Moghul" in 1818.

List of rulers

All of these rulers used the title of Nawab from 1722 to 1856:

Titular Name	Personal Name	Birth	Reign	Death
Burhan ul Mulk Sa'adat Khan برہان الملک سعادت خان	Saadat Ali Khan I	1680 Nishapur, Khurasan, Safavid dynasty, Persia	1722 – 19 March 1739	1739
Abul-Mansur Khan Safdar Jung ابو المنصور خان صفدرجنگ	Muhammad Muqim	1708	1739 – 5 October 1754	1754
Shuja-ud-Daula شجاع الدولہ	Jalal-ud-din Haider Abul-Mansur Khan	1732	1754 – 26 January 1775	1775
Asaf-ud-Daula آصف الدولہ	Muhammad Yahya Mirza Amani	1748	26 January 1775 – 21 September 1797	1797
Asif Jah Mirza	Wazir Ali Khan وزیر علی خان	1780	21 September 1797 – 21 January 1798	1817
Yamin-ud-Daula	Saadat Ali Khan II سعادت علی خان	1752	21 January 1798 – 11 July 1814	1814
Rafa'at-ud-Daula Padshah-i-Awadh	Abul-Muzaffar Ghazi-ud-din Haydar Khan غازی الدیں حیدر	1769	11 July 1814 – 19 October 1827	1827
Nasir-ud-din Haidar Shah Jahan ناصر الدیں حیدر شاہ ‌جہاں	Abul-Mansur Qutb-ud-din Sulaiman Jah	1827	19 October 1827 – 7 July 1837	1837
Abul Fateh Moin-ud-din	Muhammad Ali Shah محمّد علی شاہ	1777	7 July 1837 – 7 May 1842	1842
Najm-ud-Daula Abul-Muzaffar Musleh-ud-din	Amjad Ali Shah امجد علی شاہ	1801	7 May 1842 – 13 February 1847	1847
Abul-Mansur Mirza	Wajid Ali Shah واجد علی شاہ	1822	13 February 1847 – 11 February 1856	1 September 1887
Begum Hazrat Mahal بیگم حضرت محل	Muhammadi Khanum	1820	May 1856 – 1858 Wife of Wajid Ali Shah and mother of Birjis Qadra	7 April 1879
Birjis Qadr برجیس قدر	Ramzan Ali رمضان علی	1845	1858–1859 (in rebellion)	14 August 1893

Gallery

Saadat Ali Khan I, the first Nawab of Awadh, who laid the foundation of that state.
Safdarjung is accused of making peace with the Maratha Confederacy.
Shuja-ud-Daula fought the Maratha Confederacy during the Third Battle of Panipat on behalf of the Great Moghul, he's also known to have fought during the Battle of Buxar.
Gates of the Palace at Lucknow by W. Daniell, 1801.
Gate of the Lal-Bagh fort at Faizabad in 1801.