SS Deutschland (1923)

The SS Deutschland
History
Weimar Republic
Name	SS Deutschland
Owner	Hamburg-America Line
Port of registry	Germany
Route	Hamburg to New York
Ordered	1921
Builder	Blohm & Voss, Kommandit Ges auf Aktien, Hamburg, Germany
Launched	28 April 1923
Maiden voyage	27 March 1924
Homeport	Hamburg, Germany
Fate	Transferred to the Kriegsmarine in 1940.
Notes	Paintwork: black hull red boot-topping upper works white funnels buff with red, white and black tops
Nazi Germany
Name	SS Deutschland
Acquired	1940
Fate	Capsized and sank on 3 May 1945 as a result of a British air attack.
General characteristics
Class and type	Ocean liner
Type	Steamship
Tonnage	21,046 gross tons
Length	196.6 m overall
Beam	22 m
Depth	12.8 m
Decks	4
Installed power	8 steam turbines
Propulsion	Twin screw
Speed	20 knots
Complement	976 passengers
Crew	422 officers and crew

SS Deutschland was a 21,046 gross registered ton (GRT) German HAPAG ocean liner which was sunk in a British air attack on May 3, 1945 when it was in the process of being converted as a hospital ship. All people on-board the Deutschland survived the attack, though two accompanying vessels sank with great loss of life.

Commissioning

One of a group of four ships that included the SS Albert Ballin, SS Hamburg, and SS New York, the Deutschland was launched on 28 April 1923. She began her maiden voyage on 27 March 1924, to Southampton and then on to New York City. The turbine-powered ship had a speed of 14.5 knots; she was later re-engined with larger-geared turbines in 1929, with service speed increased to 19 knots. This gave the ship a seven-day passage across the Atlantic.

On 11 November 1933, Deutschland collided with the American cargo ship SS Munargo in New York Harbor. Munargo suffered severe damage and was beached north of Bedloe's Island, but was refloated on 18 November 1933.

Second World War

In 1940, Deutschland became an accommodation ship for the German Navy at Gotenhafen. In 1945, on seven Baltic voyages as part of Operation Hannibal, she carried 70,000 soldiers and refugees from the German eastern territories to the west.

Sinking

In April 1945, she began being converted into a hospital ship. An attempt was made to paint the vessel white, but there was only sufficient paint available to paint her funnels white, and to paint a Red Cross on one side of one of her funnels. Subsequently, on 3 May 1945, she was attacked by British RAF squadrons three times, and capsized and sank in the Bay of Lübeck off Neustadt, but everyone aboard survived. A fourth British air attack that day sank the SS Cap Arcona and the Thielbek, with great loss of life.

In 1949, the wreck was raised and scrapped.

See also

• List of maritime disasters