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First Army (Turkey)

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This article is about a field army of the Republic of Turkey. For a field army of the Ottoman Empire, see First Army (Ottoman Empire).

First Army
1st Army Command building
ActiveNovember 1921–June 1923
October 1923–present
CountryTurkey
Size120,000 men Field Army
Part ofTurkish Army
Garrison/HQSelimiye, Istanbul
PatronCitizens of the Republic of Turkey
Commanders
Current
commander		General Musa Avsever
Notable
commanders		Ali İhsan Pasha (1921–1922)
Nureddin Pasha (1922–1923)
Kâzım Karabekir Pasha (1923–1924)
Ali Sait Pasha (1924–1933)
Fahrettin Altay (1933–1943)
Cemil Cahit Toydemir (1943–1946)
Salih Omurtak (1946)
Nuri Yamut (1946–1949)

The First Army of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Birinci Ordu) is one of the four field armies of the Turkish Army. Its headquarters is located at Selimiye Barracks in Istanbul. It guards the sensitive borders of Turkey with Greece and Bulgaria, including the straits Bosporus and Dardanelles. The First Army is stationed in East Thrace.

History

Ali İhsan Sabis is the first commander of the 1st Army, which has been operating since the Ottoman Empire. The 1st army depends on the Turkish Land Forces. The army is responsible for the Thrace region, the straits and the safety of Istanbul. Is commanded by a pasha with a general rank. Under normal circumstances, the second duty of the Turkish Chief of General Staff is the next task. From 1983 to the present day, it was the first place where all the chiefs of the general staff served.

Formations

Order of Battle, 30 August 1922

Turkish commanders visited the headquarters of the First Army, 18 January 1923. From left to right: Vehbi Bey (Kocagüney), Nurettin Pasha, Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk), Kâzım Karabekir Pasha, Mareşal Fevzi Pasha (Çakmak), Asım Bey (Gündüz).

On 30 August 1922, the First Army was organized as follows:

First Army HQ (Commander: Mirliva Nureddin Pasha, Chief of Staff: Miralay Mehmet Emin Bey[1])

  • Army reserve
Commanders after the War of Independence: From left to right: Mirliva Âsım (Gündüz), Mirliva Ali Hikmet (Ayerdem), Ferik Ali Sait (Akbaytogan), Mirliva Şükrü Naili (Gökberk), Mirliva Kazım (İnanç), Ferik Fahrettin (Altay), Mirliva Kemalettin Sami (Gökçen), Mirliva Cafer Tayyar (Eğilmez), Mirliva İzzettin (Çalışlar)

Order of Battle, 1941

Main article: Turkish Army order of battle in 1941

In June 1941, the First Army was organized as follows:[2]

First Army HQ (Istanbul, Commander: Fahrettin Altay)

Order of Battle, 1974

In 1974 it consisted of four corps:[3]

Order of Battle, 2010 [citation needed]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to First Army (Turkey).

References

  1. ^ Kocatepe Zafer Yürüyüşü, Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe University
  2. ^ Mete Tunçay, "İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nın Başlarında (1939-1941) Türk Ordusu", Tarih ve Toplum, S. 35, Kasım 1986, p. 41. (in Turkish)
  3. ^ British Military Attache's Annual Report on the Turkish Army, Annex A to DA/48, dated 30 March 1974, FCO 9/2127 via Public Record Office, Kew
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