List of sugar mills in Queensland
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The sugar industry is an important industry in Australia valued at $1.5 billion to $2.5 billion per annum, much of which is generated through export. Requiring a hot climate and plenty of water, sugarcane is predominantly grown in Queensland with some in northern New South Wales. Over 4000 sugar cane farms produce 32-35 million tonnes of sugar cane each year, from which 4-4.5 million tonnes of raw sugar is extracted at sugarcane mills. At 2011, there were 24 sugar mills in Australia, ranging from Mossman in Queensland to Grafton in New South Wales. Mackay Region is known for its five locally owned mills. Altogether they produce enough sugar to support Central Queensland and Northern Queensland. They range from Racecourse Sugar Mill, Farleigh Mill, Marian Mill, Proserpine Mill and Sarina Sugar Shed.[1]
List of operating sugar mills in Queensland
This is a list of the sugar cane mills in Queensland, ordered from north to south.
The sugar mills in northern New South Wales are located in Broadwater, Condong, and Harwood Island.[16]
Former sugar mills in Queensland
Poor roads and limited transport options meant that there were once many local sugar mills in Queensland. With improved transport options, many of these smaller mills closed and only the larger more economic mills remain. This list is likely to be incomplete as many mills were small and operated only for a short period leaving few records. They are ordered from north to south, although in some cases the location is not known very accurately.
Name | Location | Local government area | Crush capacity [million tonnes cane per year] |
Notes | Coordinates
(may be approximate) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Bloomfield River Sugar Mill | near Ayton | Shire of Cook | crushed 1884–1889[17][18] | 15°52′52″S 145°20′20″E / 15.881°S 145.339°E
(approx) | |
Hop Wah Pioneer Sugar Mill | Mulgrave Road, Woree[19] | Cairns Region | First sugar mill in North Queensland, opened in August 1881, and initially owned and operated by the Hop Wah Company of Chinese investors and managed by Andrew Leon[20] | |||
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Hambledon Sugar Mill | Mill Road, Edmonton | Cairns Region | 1883–1991[21] | 17°01′16″S 145°44′02″E / 17.021°S 145.734°E
(approx) | |
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Babinda Central Sugar Mill | Babinda | Cairns Region | 1915–2011[22] | 17°20′24″S 145°55′30″E / 17.340°S 145.925°E | |
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Goondi Sugar Mill | Goondi | Cassowary Coast Region | Opened in 1883, probably located at the end of Goondi Mill Road near the Johnstone River. Closed in 1987 after being taken over by Bundaberg Sugar.[23] | 17°30′32″S 146°00′07″E / 17.5089°S 146.0020°E (approx) | |
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Mourilyan Sugar Mill | Mill Street, Mourilyan | Cassowary Coast Region | Opened in 1883, it operated until it was damaged in Cyclone Larry in March 2006 (see photo). After the cyclone it operated intermittently and closed permanently later in 2006.[24] | 17°34′48″S 146°02′01″E / 17.5799°S 146.0336°E | |
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Gairloch Sugar Mill | Ingham | Shire of Hinchinbrook | |||
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Hamleigh Sugar Mill | Ingham | Shire of Hinchinbrook | |||
Ripple Creek Sugar Mill | Macknade | Shire of Hinchinbrook | [25] | |||
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Macknade Sugar Mill | Ingham | Shire of Hinchinbrook | |||
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Habana Sugar Mill | Habana | Mackay Region | The Habana mill operated from 1883 to 1901.[26][27] | 21°02′30″S 149°06′40″E / 21.0417°S 149.1111°E (approx) | |
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Richmond Sugar Mill | Richmond | Mackay Region | 1881–1895[28] | 21°04′54″S 149°08′45″E / 21.0816°S 149.1458°E | |
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North Eton Sugar Mill | Mill Street, North Eton | Mackay Region | Originally known as the Defiance, the North Eton Central Mill commenced crushing sugarcane in 1888.[29] It was the first sugar mill sponsored by the Queensland Government. In 1989, a number of sugar mills in the district merged to Mackay Sugar Limited, resulting in the closure of the North Eton mill.[30] | 21°13′52″S 148°57′52″E / 21.2312°S 148.9645°E(approx) | |
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Homebush Sugar Mill | Homebush | Mackay Region | 1883–1922[31] | 21°16′17″S 149°02′51″E / 21.2713°S 149.0475°E (Homebush) | |
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Te Kowai Sugar Mill | Mackay | Mackay Region | |||
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Palms Sugar Mill | Palms | Mackay Region | Palms was the last of the plantation mills in the Mackay district, closing in 1924.[26] | ||
Cassada Sugar Mill | Walkerston | Mackay Region | Operated from 1870 to 1886.[32] | 21°10′22″S 149°04′16″E / 21.1727°S 149.0712°E | ||
Palmyra Sugar Mill | Palmyra | Mackay Region | Operated from 1883 to 1905.[33] | 21°10′37″S 149°05′25″E / 21.1769°S 149.0903°E | ||
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Alexandra Sugar Mill | Alexandra | Mackay Region | Operated from 1868 to 1884. When originally constructed, it was the largest sugar mill in Queensland.[34] It was named after Princess Alexandra of Denmark who married Prince Edward (later King Edward VII) of Great Britain on 10 March 1863.[35] | ||
River Estate Sugar Mills | River Estate
(possibly Foulden) |
Mackay Region | There were three mills at River Estate: Old Sugar Mill (1873–1887), North Sugar Mill (1881–1886) and New Sugar Mill (1887–1891).[36] | |||
Balmoral Sugar Mill | West Mackay | Mackay Region | Operated from 1873 to 1880.[37] | 21°09′42″S 149°09′38″E / 21.1617°S 149.1605°E | ||
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Meadowlands Sugar Mill | Racecourse | Mackay Region | Operated from 1870 to 1914.[38] | 21°09′35″S 149°08′37″E / 21.1596°S 149.1436°E | |
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Cattle Creek Cooperative Sugar Mill | Finch Hatton | Mackay Region | Commenced in 1906, closed in 1990.[39] | ||
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The Cedars Mill | North Mackay | Mackay Region | Commenced in 1873, closed in 1886. Operated by Maurice Hume Black.[40] | ||
Yeppoon Sugar Mill, (Farnborough Sugam Mill) | Farnborough | Shire of Livingstone | Commenced in 1883, closed in 1903.[41][42][43] | |||
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Fairymead Sugar Mill | Fairymead | Bundaberg Region | Opened 1884, closed in 2005[44][45] | ||
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Oakwood Sugar Mill | Bundaberg | Bundaberg Region | |||
Doolbi Sugar Mill | Doolbi | Bundaberg Region | ||||
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Pemberton Sugar Mill | Bundaberg Region | ||||
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Invicta Sugar Mill | Bundaberg Region | Originally located near the Kolan River in Bucca in the Bundaberg Region but relocated to Giru in 1919 where it is still now as the Invicta Sugar Mill.[7][8] | |||
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Qunaba Sugar Mill | Bundaberg Region | ||||
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North Isis Sugar Mill | Bundaberg Region | ||||
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Sharon Sugar Mill | Bundaberg Region | ||||
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Windermere Sugar Mill | Windermere | Bundaberg Region | |||
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Central Sugar Mill | Yengarie | Fraser Coast Region | The ruins of this mill are listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.[46] | 25°32′02″S 152°38′06″E / 25.534°S 152.635°E | |
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Yengarie Sugar Refinery | Yengarie | Fraser Coast Region | The ruins of this mill are listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.[47] | 25°33′40″S 152°36′58″E / 25.5611°S 152.6162°E | |
Mount Bauple sugar mill | Bauple | Fraser Coast Region | The Mount Bauple sugar mill was established in 1896; it was the largest in the district. It closed in 1951, as the sugarcane was then being sent to mills in Nambour and Maryborough.[48][49] | 25°48′58″S 152°37′12″E / 25.816°S 152.620°E | ||
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Moreton Central Mill | Nambour | Sunshine Coast Region | |||
Oaklands Sugar Mill (also known as Whish's Sugar Mill) | Morayfield | Moreton Bay Region | The mill operated between 1865 and 1872.[50] | 27°05′47″S 152°58′28″E / 27.0963°S 152.9744°E | ||
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St Helena Island | City of Brisbane | ||||
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Gibsons Clydesdale Sugar Mill | Hemmant | City of Brisbane | Operated from the 1860s[51] | ||
Cooperative Sugar Mill | Murarrie | City of Brisbane | Commenced in 1872.[51] |
References
- ^ "Sugarcane Industry | Queensland Farmers Federation". www.qff.org.au. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "Our Mills". www.mkysugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Msf Sugar". www.msfsugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ "Mulgrave Mill | Msf Sugar". www.msfsugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ "Welcome to Tully Sugar Limited". www.tullysugar.com. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Wilmar Sugar Mills - Our Mills". www.wilmarsugarmills.com. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ a b "History". Australian Sugar Cane Railway. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "THE INVICTA MILL". The Bundaberg Mail. Queensland, Australia. 15 March 1919. p. 3. Retrieved 23 February 2020 – via Trove.
- ^ "Inkerman Sugar Mill | Biomass Producer – Bioenergy information for Australia's primary industries". biomassproducer.com.au. Archived from the original on 12 November 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Sugar Milling | Bundaberg Sugar". www.bundysugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 29 February 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "Isis Central Sugar Mill – Home". www.isissugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ "Isis Central Sugar Mill – Chiders QLD". www.isissugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "Maryborough Mill | Msf Sugar". www.msfsugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ "Rocky Point Sugar Mill". www.heckgroup.com.au. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "Introduction". www.heckgroup.com.au. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "Contact". www.nswsugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ Kerr, John; Mossman Central Mill Co. Ltd (1995). Northern outpost (2nd ed.). Mossman Central Mill Co. pp. 24–28. ISBN 978-0-9595779-1-4.
- ^ "Brief History Of Bloomfield/Wujal Wujal, Far North Queensland". Douglas Shire Historical Society. Archived from the original on 24 April 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
- ^ Cairns Post Limited (1931), The life of A.J. Draper, The Cairns Post, p. 25, retrieved 10 April 2016
- ^ "EARLY NORTH QUEENSLAND CAIRNS & HINTERLAND". Townsville Daily Bulletin. Vol. LXXV. Queensland, Australia. 3 January 1955. p. 5. Retrieved 10 April 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Edmonton". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- ^ Bain, Lee (2012). "Mill Memorabilia Project Report" (PDF). Babinda Information Centre. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
- ^ "Goondi". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
- ^ "Mourilyan". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 18 March 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
- ^ "Row of Street Trees (entry 602349)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ^ a b "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site (entry 602749)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ^ "Habana Sugar Mill, 1883-1902". www.mackayhistory.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
- ^ "Richmond Mill Ruins (entry 601281)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ^ "EARLY NORTH ETON". Daily Mercury. Vol. 71, no. 299. Queensland, Australia. 16 December 1937. p. 13. Retrieved 13 March 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Mills, John Henry, 1851–1919 (1895), North Eton Central Mill, Mackay Regional Council, retrieved 13 March 2017
{{citation}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Homebush Sugar Mill, 1883-1922". www.mackayhistory.org. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Cassada Sugar Mill 1870 - 1886". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Palmyra Sugar Mill 1883 - 1905". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Alexandra Sugar Mill". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ "Alexandra – suburb in Mackay Region (entry 46752)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "River Estate Old Sugar Mill 1873 - 1887, River Estate North Sugar Mill 1881 - 1886, River Estate New Sugar Mill, 1887 - 1891". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Balmoral Sugar Mill 1873 - 1880". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Meadowlands Sugar Mill 1870 - 1914". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ "Finch Hatton". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
- ^ "The Cedars Sugar Mill". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 25 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 24 November 2018 suggested (help) - ^ "The Yeppoon Sugar Company". Central Queensland History. Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
- ^ "Sugar in Central Queensland". The Queenslander. Vol. XLIX, no. 1056. 18 January 1896. p. 120. Retrieved 13 July 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "CENTRAL QUEENSLAND INDUSTRIES". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. LIX, no. 13, 917. 20 August 1902. p. 8. Retrieved 13 July 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "History of the House". Fairymead House. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
- ^ "Fairymead sugar mill to shut doors". ABC News. 4 February 2005. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
- ^ "Central Sugar Mill Ruins (entry 602488)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ^ "Yengarie Sugar Refinery ruins (entry 600970)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ^ "Tiaro Shire". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Retrieved 5 November 2016.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Mount Bauple Central Mill". Bauple Museum. Archived from the original on 12 September 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
- ^ "Oaklands Sugar Mill Remnants (entry 700007)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
- ^ a b "Hemmant". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Further reading
- Kerr, John; Mackay Sugar Co-operative Association (1991), Top mill in the valley : Cattle Creek Sugar Mill, Finch Hatton, 1906-1990, Boolarong Publications with Mackay Sugar Co-operative Association Limited, ISBN 978-0-646-06298-3
External links
Media related to Sugar mills in Queensland at Wikimedia Commons