Alliance of Progressives

Alliance of Progressives

Alleanza dei Progressisti
Alliance of Progressives Alleanza dei Progressisti
	File:PROGRESSISTI.jpg
Leader	Achille Occhetto
Founded	February 1994
Dissolved	March 1994
Succeeded by	The Olive Tree
Political position	Left-wing
	Politics of Italy; Political parties; Elections;

The Alliance of Progressives (Italian: Alleanza dei Progressisti), also known as simply the Progressives (Progressisti),^[1]^[2] was a centre-left^[3]^[4] to left-wing^[2]^[5] political and electoral alliance of political parties in Italy formed in 1994. The leader of the alliance was Achille Occhetto.^[6]

History

The Alliance suffered a huge defeat in the 1994 general election by the Pole of Freedoms/Pole of Good Government centre-right coalitions led by Silvio Berlusconi. For the 1996 general election the Alliance was succeeded by The Olive Tree coalition, which included the Italian People's Party (diminished by the split of the United Christian Democrats in 1995), Italian Renewal and Segni Pact, and excluding the Communist Refoundation Party,^[4] which was an external ally and presented its candidates under the "Progressives" banner in single-seat constituencies in Central Italy.

Composition

The alliance was composed of:^[4]^[7]

Party		Ideology	Leader
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Party of the Left/meta/color" \|	Democratic Party of the Left (PDS)	Democratic socialism	Achille Occhetto
bgcolor="Template:Communist Refoundation Party/meta/color" \|	Communist Refoundation Party (PRC)	Communism	Fausto Bertinotti
bgcolor="Template:Federation of the Greens/meta/color" \|	Federation of the Greens (FdV)	Green politics	Franco Corleone
bgcolor="Template:Italian Socialist Party/meta/color" \|	Italian Socialist Party (PSI)	Social democracy	Ottaviano Del Turco
	The Network (LR)	Anti-corruption	Leoluca Orlando
	Democratic Alliance (AD)	Social liberalism	Willer Bordon
	Social Christians (CS)	Christian left	Pierre Carniti
bgcolor="Template:Italian Socialist Party/meta/color" \|	Socialist Rebirth (RS)	Social democracy	Enzo Mattina

Election results

Italian Parliament

Election year	# of overall votes	% of overall vote	# of overall seats won	+/–	Leader
Chamber of Deputies
1994	12,722,157 (#1)	33.0	213 / 630	–	Achille Occhetto

Election year	# of overall votes	% of overall vote	# of overall seats won	+/–	Leader
Senate of the Republic
1994	11,058,770 (#1)	33.4	123 / 315	–	Achille Occhetto

References

^ Roberto D'Alimonte (2005). "Italy: A Case of Fragmented Bipolarism". In Michael Gallagher; Paul Mitchell (eds.). The Politics of Electoral Systems. OUP Oxford. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-19-153151-4.
^ ^a ^b Ram Mudambi; Pietro Navarra; Giuseppe Sobbrio, eds. (2001). Rules, Choice and Strategy: The Political Economy of Italian Electoral Reform. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-78195-082-1.
^ Christina Holtz-Bacha; Gianpietro Mazzoleni (2004). The Politics of Representation: Election Campaigning and Proportional Representation. Peter Lang. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-8204-6148-9.
^ ^a ^b ^c Stefan Köppl (2007). Das politische System Italiens: Eine Einführung. Springer-Verlag. p. 98. ISBN 978-3-531-14068-1.
^ Daniela Giannetti; Rose Mulé (2007). "The Democratici di Sinistra: In Search of a New Identity". In Anna Bosco; Leonardo Morlino (eds.). Party Change in Southern Europe. Routledge. p. 134. ISBN 978-1-136-76777-7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
^ Gino Moliterno, ed. (2002). Encyclopedia of Contemporary Italian Culture. Routledge. p. 852. ISBN 978-1-134-75877-7.
^ Sona Nadenichek Golder (2006). The Logic of Pre-electoral Coalition Formation. Ohio State University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-8142-1029-1.

[D'Alimonte2005-1] Roberto D'Alimonte (2005). "Italy: A Case of Fragmented Bipolarism". In Michael Gallagher; Paul Mitchell (eds.). The Politics of Electoral Systems. OUP Oxford. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-19-153151-4.

[MudambiNavarra2001-2] Ram Mudambi; Pietro Navarra; Giuseppe Sobbrio, eds. (2001). Rules, Choice and Strategy: The Political Economy of Italian Electoral Reform. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-78195-082-1.

[Holtz-BachaMazzoleni2004-3] Christina Holtz-Bacha; Gianpietro Mazzoleni (2004). The Politics of Representation: Election Campaigning and Proportional Representation. Peter Lang. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-8204-6148-9.

[Köppl2007-4] Stefan Köppl (2007). Das politische System Italiens: Eine Einführung. Springer-Verlag. p. 98. ISBN 978-3-531-14068-1.

[GiannettiMulé2007-5] Daniela Giannetti; Rose Mulé (2007). "The Democratici di Sinistra: In Search of a New Identity". In Anna Bosco; Leonardo Morlino (eds.). Party Change in Southern Europe. Routledge. p. 134. ISBN 978-1-136-76777-7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)

[Moliterno2002-6] Gino Moliterno, ed. (2002). Encyclopedia of Contemporary Italian Culture. Routledge. p. 852. ISBN 978-1-134-75877-7.

[Golder2006-7] Sona Nadenichek Golder (2006). The Logic of Pre-electoral Coalition Formation. Ohio State University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-8142-1029-1.

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v t e Historical political parties in Italy
Communist	Proletarian Unity Party (1972–1984) Italian Communist Party (1921–1991) Proletarian Democracy (1978–1991) Party of Italian Communists (1998–2014)
Democratic socialist	Italian Revolutionary Socialist Party (1881–1893) Italian Workers' Party (1882–1892) Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (1964–1972) Democratic Party of the Left (1991–1998) Democratic Left (2007–2010) Left Ecology Freedom (2010-2016)
Green	Rainbow Greens (1989–1990) Federation of Green Lists (1986–1990) Federation of the Greens (1990–2021)
Social-democratic and liberal-socialist	Italian Reformist Socialist Party (1912–1926) Unitary Socialist Party (1922–1930) Action Party (1929–1947) Labour Democratic Party (1943–1948) Union of Socialists (1948–1949) Unitary Socialist Party (1949–1951) Unified Socialist Party (1966–1969) Italian Socialist Party (1892–1994) Italian Democratic Socialist Party (1947–1998) Labour Federation (1994–1998) Democrats of the Left (1998–2007) Italian Democratic Socialists (1998–2007) Article One (2017–2023)
Radical and social-liberal	Action Party (1853–1867) Italian Radical Party (1904–1922) Democratic Party (1913–1919) Social Democracy (1922–1926) Republican Democratic Concentration (1946) Radical Party (1955–1989) Democratic Alliance (1993–1997) The Network (1991–1999)
Centrist and centrist liberal	Constitutional Democratic Party (1913–1919) Italian Democratic Liberal Party (1919–1926) Democratic Union for the Republic (1998–1999) Union for the Republic Italian Renewal (1996–2002) The Democrats (1999–2002) Segni Pact (1993–2003) Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (2002–2007) Civic Choice (2013–2019) Liberal Popular Alliance (2015–2018)
Regionalist and federalist	Movement for the Independence of Sicily (1943–1951) Federalists and Liberal Democrats (1994–1996) Federalist Italian League (1995–1996) Great South (2011–2013)
Christian-democratic	Italian Catholic Electoral Union (1906–1919) Conservative Catholics (1913–1919) Italian People's Party (1919–1926) Christian Democracy (1943–1994) Italian People's Party (1994–2002) Christian Democrats for the Republic (1998) Christian Democratic Centre (1994–2002) United Christian Democrats (1995–2002) European Democracy (2001–2002) Christian Democracy for Autonomies (2005–2009) Union of Democrats for Europe (1999–2013)
Conservative-liberal	Liberal Union (1913–1922) Italian Liberal Party (1922–1994) National Democratic Alliance (1953–1954) Union of the Centre
Liberal-conservative	Economic Party (1919–1924) Forza Italia (1994–2009) The People of Freedom (2009–2013) Future and Freedom (2010–2014) New Centre-Right (2013–2017) Conservatives and Reformists (2015–2017) Direction Italy (2017–2019) Cambiamo! (2019–2022)
National-conservative	Common Man's Front (1946–1949) Monarchist National Party (1946–1959) People's Monarchist Party (1954–1959) Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (1959–1972) National Democracy (1977–1979) National Alliance (1995–2009)
Nationalist	Italian Nationalist Association (1910–1923) Combatants' Party (1919–1923) National Fascist Party (1921–1943) Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945) Italian Social Movement (1946–1995)
List of political parties in Italy 19th-century Italian political groups Early 20th-century Italian political parties 1950s–1990s Italian political parties Current Italian political parties