Baïnounk Gubëeher
| Baïnounk Gubëeher | |
|---|---|
| Baïnounk Gubëeher | |
| Native to | Senegal[1] |
Native speakers | less than 1000 Gubeeher proper (2011)[2] |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin script[3] | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | gube1234 |
| ELP | Baïnounk Gubëeher |
Baïnounk Gubëeher is a minority language of Senegal, whose speakers are concentrated in Djibonker, Casamance.[1]
Phonology
Consonants
The consonant phonemes of Baïnounk Gubëeher are as follows:[5]
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | c | k | |
| voiced | b | d | ɟ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | x | h | |
| Approximant | w | l | j | |||
| Flap | ɾ | |||||
- Notes
- Phonemic status of geminated consonants is uncertain.[5] There are a few words that have them, but there are no minimal pairs.[5]
- Word-final /ɾ/ can be pronounced as a voiceless uvular trill by some speakers.[5]
Vowels
The vowel phonemes of Baïnounk Gubëeher are as follows:[6]
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i | iː | u | uː | ||
| Near-close | ɪ | ɪː | ʊ | ʊː | ||
| Close-mid | e | eː | o | oː | ||
| Mid | ə | əː | ||||
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɛː | ɔ | ɔː | ||
| Open | a | aː | ||||
Length is phonemic for all vowels. The difference between /i, u/ and /ɪ, ʊ/ is hard to perceive; the minimal pairs are rare.[7][what about their long versions?]
References
- ^ a b Cobbinah (2013:3)
- ^ "Baïnounk Gubëeher" (PDF).
- ^ a b "Endangered Languages Project - Baïnounk Gubëeher".
- ^ Cobbinah (2013:22)
- ^ a b c d Cobbinah (2013:166)
- ^ Cobbinah (2013:167)
- ^ Cobbinah (2013:167–168)
Bibliography
- Cobbinah, Alexander Yao (2013), Nominal classification and verbal nouns in Baïnounk Gubëeher (PDF), University of London
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