Baron Inchiquin
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Baron Inchiquin (Irish: Barún Inse Uí Chuinn) is one of the older titles in the Peerage of Ireland. It was one of two titles created on 1 July 1543 for Murrough O'Brien, Prince of Thomond, who was descended from the great high king Brian Boru). The grant of the English titles was conditional upon the abandonment of native titles, the adoption of English customs and laws, pledging of allegiance to the English crown, apostasy from the Catholic Church, and conversion to the Anglican Church. Murrough was made both Earl of Thomond in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to his nephew Donough O'Brien and Baron Inchiquin, with remainder to his male heirs.[1]
On his death in 1551, Murrough was succeeded in the earldom, according to the special remainder, by his nephew, the second Earl (see Earl of Thomond for later history of this title), but the barony of Inchiquin passed to his son Dermod, the second baron. Dermod's great-great-grandson, the sixth baron, was a prominent military commander during the Irish Confederate Wars (1643–48), first for the English Parliament, then as a Royalist commander during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649–53) during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. In 1654 he was created Earl of Inchiquin in the Peerage of Ireland.
He was succeeded by his son, William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin, who served as governor of English Tangier and as Governor of Jamaica. His son, William O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Inchiquin, became Governor of Kinsale in 1693. The fourth earl, also named William O'Brien, represented Windsor, Camelford and Aylesbury in the British House of Commons.
The fifth earl, Murrough O'Brien, was the nephew and son-in-law of his predecessor. In 1800, he was created Marquess of Thomond in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to his brother, the Honorable Edward Dominic O'Brien, a captain in the British Army. The following year he was made Baron Thomond of Taplow in the County of Buckingham in the Peerage of the United Kingdom to allow him to sit in the House of Lords, with remainder to the male heirs of his body. He died without male issue in 1808, when the barony of Thomond became extinct.
He was succeeded in the marquessate according to the special remainder, and in the other Irish titles, by his nephew William O'Brien, 2nd Marquess of Thomond, the third son of the aforementioned Captain Edward O'Brien. The second marquess was an Irish Representative Peer. In 1826 he was created Baron Tadcaster of Tadcaster in the County of York in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. He had no sons and on his death in 1846 the barony of Tadcaster became extinct.
He was succeeded in the Irish peerages by his younger brother, James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess of Thomond, an admiral in the Royal Navy. He had no sons and on his death in 1855 the marquessate and earldom of Inchiquin became extinct.
In 1855, he was succeeded in the barony of Inchiquin by his distant relative Sir Lucius O'Brien, 5th Baronet, who became the 13th Baron Inchiquin. The O'Brien Baronetcy, of Leaghmenagh in the County of Clare, had been created in the Baronetage of Ireland in 1686 for Donough O'Brien, who had earlier represented County Clare in the Irish House of Commons. He was the great-great-grandson and namesake of Donough O'Brien (died 1582), younger son of the first Earl of Thomond and first Baron Inchiquin. His grandson, the second baronet, great-grandson the third baronet, and great-great-grandson the fourth baronet, also represented County Clare in the Irish Parliament, with the fourth baronet also representing Ennis. The latter was succeeded by his son, the fifth baronet.
Before becoming the 13th Baron, the fifth Baronet O'Brien had represented County Clare in the House of Commons and was later an Irish Representative Peer. He also served as Lord Lieutenant of County Clare. He was succeeded by his son, Edward O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin, also an Irish Representative Peer and Lord Lieutenant of County Clare. His son, Lucius O'Brien, 15th Baron Inchiquin, also sat in the House of Lords as an Irish Representative Peer.
As of 2018[update], the titles are held by his grandson, Conor Myles John O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin, born 17 July 1943 , who succeeded to the title in 1982 from his uncles Donough O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin and Phaedrig O'Brien, 17th Baron Inchiquin.
In the Gaelic nobility, Lord Inchiquin is The O'Brien, Chief of the Name, Prince of Thomond.
The family seat of the O'Brien Baronetcy was Dromoland Castle, near Newmarket-on-Fergus, County Clare. The current Baron Inchiquin lives in Thomond House adjacent to Dromoland.
Barons Inchiquin (1543)
- Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond, 1st Baron Inchiquin (died 1551).
- Dermod O'Brien, 2nd Baron Inchiquin (died 1 May 1557)
- Murrough McDermot O'Brien, 3rd Baron Inchiquin (1550–1574)
- Murrough O'Brien, 4th Baron Inchiquin (1563–1597)
- Dermod O'Brien, 5th Baron Inchiquin (1594–1624)
- Murrough O'Brien, 6th Baron Inchiquin (1618–1674) (created Earl of Inchiquin in 1654)
Earls of Inchiquin (1654)
- Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, 6th Baron Inchiquin (1618–1674)
- William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin, 7th Baron Inchiquin (1640–1692)
- William O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Inchiquin, 8th Baron Inchiquin (1662–1719)
- William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin, 9th Baron Inchiquin (1700–1777)
- Murrough O'Brien, 5th Earl of Inchiquin, 10th Baron Inchiquin (1726–1808) (created Marquess of Thomond in 1800)
Marquesses of Thomond (1800)
- Murrough O'Brien, 1st Marquess of Thomond, 10th Baron Inchiquin (1726–1808)
- William O'Brien, 2nd Marquess of Thomond, 11th Baron Inchiquin (1765–1846)
- James O'Brien, 3rd Marquess of Thomond, 12th Baron Inchiquin (1768–1855)
Barons Inchiquin (1543; Reverted)
- Lucius O'Brien, 13th Baron Inchiquin (1800–1872)
- Edward Donough O'Brien, 14th Baron Inchiquin (1839–1900)
- Lucius William O'Brien, 15th Baron Inchiquin (1864–1929)
- Donough Edward Foster O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin (1897–1968)
- Phaedrig Lucius Ambrose O'Brien, 17th Baron Inchiquin (1900–1982)
- Conor Myles John O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin (born 1943)
The heir presumptive is the present holder's second cousin Conor John Anthony O'Brien (born 1952).
The heir presumptive's heir apparent is his only son Fionn Murough O'Brien (born 1987).
O'Brien Baronets, of Leaghmenagh (1686)
- Sir Donough O'Brien, 1st Baronet (died 1717)
- Sir Edward O'Brien, 2nd Baronet (died 1765)
- Sir Lucius O'Brien, 3rd Baronet (died 1795)
- Sir Edward O'Brien, 4th Baronet (died 1837)
- Sir Lucius O'Brien, 5th Baronet (1800–1872) (succeeded as Baron Inchiquin in 1855)
see above for further succession
The O'Brien Line of Conor O'Brien, Chief of the Name
There is some overlap with the Barons Inchiquin; those people are marked off in bold.
- Murrough an Taniste O'Brien, d. 1551.
- Donough O'Brien 29 Sep 1582
- Conor O'Brien d. 1603
- Donough O'Brien, d. 1635
- Conor O'Brien, 1617–1651
- Donough O'Brien, 1642–1717
- Lucius O'Brien, 1675–1717
- Edward O'Brien, 1705–1765
- Lucius O'Brien, 1731–1795
- Edward O'Brien, 1773–1837
- Lucius O'Brien, 1800–1872
- Edward O'Brien, 1839–1900
- Lucius O'Brien, 1864–1929
- Fionn O'Brien, 1903–1977
- Conor Myles John O'Brien, b. 1943
Art and culture
Lord Inchiquin is the name of a traditional Irish air by O'Carolan, assumed to be dedicated to his contemporary William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin.
The painter George O'Brien, who made his name as an artist in New Zealand, was a descendant of the first Baron Inchiquin.
See also
- O'Brien dynasty
- Kings of Cashel
- Kings of Desmond
- Kings of Munster
- Kings of Thomond 1119–1543
- Irish Nobility
- Irish Royal Families
- Early Barons Inchiquin
- Earl of Thomond
- The Rt. Hon Thomas Carter M.P. Master of the Rolls Privy Councillor Secretary of State
- Carter-Campbell of Possil
Notes
- ^ O'Brien, Ivar (1986). O'Brien of Thomond: The O'Briens in Irish History 1500–1865. Chichester: Phillimore. pp. 14–15. ISBN 0 85033 582 5.
References
- Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
- O'Donoghue, John, Historical Memoir of the O'Briens. Dublin: Hodges, Smith, & Co. 1860.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Further reading
- Inchiquin, Lucius Lord of (1861) [1765], "The Petition of the right Honourable Lucius Baron of Inchiquin (otherwise Inskwyne), of that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called Ireland.", Case of the Right Honourable Lucius, lord Inchiquin in the peerage of Ireland on his claiming the right to vote at the election of representative peers for Ireland. ..., pp. 66–70
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- The O'Brien Clan
- Lundy, Darryl. "www.thePeerage.com". The Peerage.
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages