Blood volume
Blood volume is the volume of blood (both red blood cells and plasma) in the circulatory system of any individual.
Humans
A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters, with females generally having less blood volume than males.[1] Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys.
Blood volume (BV) can be calculated given the hematocrit (HC; the fraction of blood that is red blood cells) and plasma volume (PV):
Diagnostic technologies are commercially available to measure human blood volume. A recent radionucleotide study called BVA-100, Blood Volume Analysis is the only FDA approved instrument that provides a measure of Red Blood Cells and Plasma with 98% accuracy.
Blood volume measurement is indicated for the diagnosis and treatment patients suffering from Congestive Heart Failure, Chronic hypertension, Renal Failure and Critical Care.
Other Animals
Animal | Blood volume (ml/kg)[2] |
---|---|
Cat | 55 (47-66) |
Cow | 55 (52-57) [3] |
Dog | 86 (79-90) |
Ferret | 75 |
Gerbil | 67 |
Goat | 70 |
Guinea pig | 75 (67-92) |
Hamster | 78 |
Horse | 76 |
Human | 77 |
Monkey (rhesus) | 54 |
Mouse | 79 (78-80) |
Pig | 65 |
Rabbit | 56 (44-70) |
Rat | 64 (50-70) |
Sheep | 60 |
Marmoset | 60-70[4] |
The table at right shows circulating blood volumes, given as volume per kilogram, for healthy adults of a selection of animals.[2] However, it can be 15% less in obese and old animals.[2]
See also
References
- ^ Lee, Lan Na (1998). "Volume of Blood in a Human". The Physics Factbook.
- ^ a b c A Compendium of Drugs Used for Laboratory Animal Anesthesia, Analgesia, Tranquilization and Restraint at Drexel University College of Medicine. Retrieved April 2011
- ^ Reynolds, Monica ; Plasma and Blood Volume in the Cow Using the T-1824 Hematocrit Method American Journal of Physiology - June 1953 vol. 173 no. 3 421-427
- ^ Wolfensohn & Lloyd, 2003, Handbook of Laboratory Animal Management and Welfare, 3rd Edition