Cadillac Brougham
| Cadillac Brougham | |
|---|---|
 1990 - 1992 Cadillac Brougham | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Cadillac (General Motors) |
| Model years | 1987–1992 |
| Assembly | Arlington Assembly, United States Detroit Assembly, United States |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-size luxury car |
| Body style | 4-door notchback sedan |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Platform | D-body |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 5.0 L L02 V8 5.0 L Chevrolet V8 5.7 L L05/LLO V8 |
| Transmission | 4-speed TH-200-4R automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 121.5 in (3,086 mm) |
| Length | 221.0 in (5,613 mm) |
| Width | 75.3 in (1,913 mm) |
| Height | 1985–89: 56.7 in (1,440 mm) 1990–92: 57.4 in (1,458 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,300–4,500 lb (2,000–2,000 kg) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham |
| Successor | Cadillac Fleetwood |
The Cadillac Brougham is a line of luxury cars manufactured by th Cadillac Division of General Motors from the 1987 through 1992 model years; it was previously sold from 1980 to 1986 as the Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham. The optional "d'Elegance" trim package introduced during the Fleetwood era remained available.
The model received a major facelift in 1990.
Early history
Originally used for a single horse drawn enclosed carriage for 2-4 people, the “Brougham” owes its name to British statesman, Henry Brougham.[1] Cadillac first used the name in 1916 to designate an enclosed 5-7 passenger sedan body style.[1][2][3] In the thirties, the name was given to a formal body style with open chauffeur compartment and enclosed rear quarters, metal roof and often "razor-edged" styling.[1] When Cadillac started offering Fleetwood bodies on some of its cars in 1925, the Brougham body style was Fleetwood bodied every year with the exception of 1926.[2][3] After 1937 the Brougham name was not applied to any Cadillac for the remainder of the pre-World War II period.[2][3]
The Brougham name would eventually reappear on the 1955 Cadillac Eldorado Brougham show car[4] which preceded the 4-door Eldorado Brougham hardtops of the 1957 to 1960 model years.[3][4] The 1957 Cadillac Series 70 Eldorado Brougham joined the Sixty Special and the Series 75 as the only Cadillac models with Fleetwood bodies although Fleetwood script or crests did not appear anywhere on the exterior of the car,[5][6] and so this would also mark the first time in 20 years that a Fleetwood bodied car was paired with the Brougham name.
After a five-year absence the Brougham name reappeared as an option package on the 1965 Cadillac Sixty Special.[3][4] The following year the Brougham moved up to becoming a subseries of the Fleetwood Sixty Special.[3][4] This continued through 1970.[3][4] Starting in 1971 the Sixty Special was only available as the well equipped Fleetwood Sixty Special Brougham.[3][4] When the Sixty Special Series was retired in 1977, the Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham took its place as Cadillac's most luxurious owner-driven large sedan model through 1986.[3][7]
The Brougham finally became a separate model from 1987 through 1992.[3][4] This was the last Cadillac to be produced without airbags.
Description
The single name "Brougham" began to be used as specific Cadillac model in 1987, when the term "Fleetwood" was dropped from the former Fleetwood Brougham. It was otherwise the same as the 1986 model. The reason for the change was that Cadillac had introduced a new, smaller, front-wheel drive model in 1985 and named it simply the Fleetwood. Compounding the confusion, the optional "d'Elegance" package (introduced in the upscale Fleetwood trim line in the 1970s, offering even more luxurious appointments, including button-tufted seating and rear-seat reading lamps), was available on and appended to the names of both models, resulting in a traditional body-on-frame/rear-wheel drive "Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham d' Elegance" and a unibody/transverse engined "Cadillac Fleetwood d' Elegance" fully two feet shorter and 800 pounds lighter.
The solution was dropping the term "Fleetwood" from the rear-wheel drive model, leaving just the "Brougham".
Being body-on-frame, it was popular among coachbuilders who manufactured stretched limousines, along with the similar but somewhat smaller Lincoln Town Car, as well as traditional Cadillac buyers who preferred the familiar combination of size, heft, and rear-wheel drive.
The 1987 Brougham was built at the Clark Street Cadillac Assembly Plant in Detroit, Michigan, as the Fleetwood Brougham had been in 1985-86. Some early model year 1988s were produced there in late 1987, before a shift to the Arlington Assembly plant in Arlington, Texas, where construction continued through 1992. The 11th digit of the VIN indicates plant assembly. A "9" as the 11th digit indicates a Detroit Brougham; a "R" indicates an Arlington Brougham. Many of the Arlington assembled examples also had a state of Texas/GM Arlington decal on the rear side quarter glass.
VIN "9" Broughams were actually produced in 1987-1990 (and in 1986 as well), and, although rare, can be found as "commercial chassis" vehicles, and generally have a higher output Oldsmobile 307 LG8 Engine and different transmissions (typically the TH400 three speed), depending on the use. Generally speaking, minor differences between 1987 and 1988 (VIN 9 and Y) can be found, such as carburetor assembly. While these cars all used Rochester Quadrajet Electronic four-barrel carburetors, differences include an electronic (Detroit) versus vacuum (Arlington) Idle Load Compensator, as well as an electronic (Detroit) versus climactic (Arlington) choke system. The vin "9" engine is the high output version of the base LV2 307 vin code Y and shares most parts with it. The HO engine is the same engine that was used in the rear wheel drive Oldsmobile 442. While the engine was not powerful, it proved to be a reliable engine with proven (albeit dated) technology.
The Brougham wore a cross-hatch grille in 1987 and 1988 which was an identical re-cast of the 1981 grille. The Brougham received a new vertical-slat grille for 1989, which was similar to the 1980 grille. The 1980 grille had five horizontal sections, the 1989-1992 had three horizontal sections. A 1990 facelift (the first one since 1980), was necessitated by a re-bodied Town Car from rival Lincoln. For 1990, Brougham received a new digital dash cluster inside, and composite headlamps, contemporary taillamp lenses, flush bumper moldings, and an optional Chevrolet 350 V8. To meet federal standards for 1990,door-mounted automatic front seatbelts became standard, as no driver's side airbag was available.
For 1991, the LV2 V8 was replaced by a Chevrolet FI V8 that produced 170 hp (127 kW; 172 PS), while the Chevrolet 350 produced 185 hp (138 kW; 188 PS). The 1992 models received no major changes, as it was its final year. The fuel injected engines proved to be reliable contenders and provided a vast power improvement over the 307 Oldsmobile and 305 Chevrolet carbureted engines.
The 1987 to 1992 Brougham used the 121.5-inch (3,086 mm) wheelbase D-body platform that was employed for the pre-1987 Fleetwood Brougham.
The last Cadillac Brougham rolled off the assembly line on June 5, 1992.
The Fleetwood name returned to the RWD model with a major redesign for 1993 (the FWD Fleetwood model had been renamed Sixty Special that year) and Brougham again was an option package, as it had been in 1965.
"Premiere Roof" option
In 1988, the "Premiere Roof" option was available giving the standard Brougham a very formal look. Though costly at US$895, it altered the overall appearance greatly. It included a vinyl covering of not only the entire roof of the car but also the "B-pillar" and the rear quarter window surround. This option was available in 1988 and 1989 until Brougham's 1990 restyling wherein a slight variation of it became the standard roof treatment.
Powertrains
Engines:
- 1987–1990: 5.0 litres (307 cu in) LV2 V8, 140 hp (104 kW; 142 PS)
- 1991–1992: 5.0 litres (305 cu in) Chevrolet FI V8, 170 hp (127 kW; 172 PS)
- 1990–1992: 5.7 litres (350 cu in) L05/LLO FI V8, 175 to 185 hp (130 to 138 kW; 177 to 188 PS)
Transmissions:
- 4-speed Turbo-Hydramatic 200-4R automatic with Oldsmobile V8
- 4-speed 4L60 automatic with Chevrolet V8
Production
| Year | Production |
|---|---|
| 1987 | 65,504 |
| 1988 | 53,130 |
| 1989 | 40,264 |
| 1990 | 33,741 |
| 1991 | 27,231 |
| 1992 | 13,761 |
| TOTAL | 233,631 |
References
- ^ a b c "Cadillac Terms and Definitions A - C". Cadillacdatabase.net. 1996. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
- ^ a b c Kimes, Beverly (1996). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-428-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Gunnell, John (2005). Standard Catalog of Cadillac 1903-2005. Krause Publications. ISBN 0873492897.
- ^ a b c d e f g Kowalke, Ron (1997). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946-1975. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-521-3.
- ^ Bonsall, Thomas (2003). The Cadillac Story. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4942-6.
- ^ "Mark II Meets Eldorado Brougham". Special Interest Autos (2). Nov–Dec 1970.
- ^ Flammang, James (1999). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1976-1999. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-755-0.
- ^ The Encyclopedia of American Cars, 2006 Edition
