Egvekinot
Egvekinot
Эгвекинот | |
|---|---|
Location of Egvekinot  | |
  Egvekinot Location of Egvekinot  Egvekinot Egvekinot (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) | |
| Coordinates: 66°19′N 179°7′W / 66.317°N 179.117°W | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[1] |
| Administrative district | Iultinsky District[1] |
| Founded | 1946[1] |
| Government | |
| • Head of Administration[1] | Alexander Georgiyevich Maksimov[2] |
| Population | |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 2,899 |
| • Capital of | Iultinsky District[1] |
| • Municipal district | Iultinsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Egvekinot Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Iultinsky Municipal District[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (MSK+9  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[2] | 689200 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 42734[1] |
| OKTMO ID | 77715000051 |
Egvekinot (Russian: Эгвекинот, meaning "sharp, hard land" in the Chukchi language)[8] is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Iultinsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, part of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. Population 2,413 (2002 Census);[6] 5,478 (1989 Soviet census).[9] Municipally Egvekinot is subordinated to Iultinsky Municipal district and is incorporated as Egvekinot Urban Settlement.[4] Egvekinot is the administrative centre for both Iultinsky Administrative and Municipal districts.
Geography
Egvekinot is a port settlement with a maximum depth of 35 metres and is located on the coast of Kresta Bay, part of the Bering Sea at the foot of mountains some 800 metres high.[10] The settlement is located 1,675 kilometers (1,041 mi) from Magadan, 236 kilometers (147 mi) from Anadyr, and 6,097 kilometers (3,789 mi) from Moscow.[10]
Egvekinot can be reached by flights from Anadyr which land at the Kresta Bay airport, though the spring meltwaters can cause the runway to become flooded.
The nearby former village (selo) of Ozyorny is now a Microdistrict of Egvekinot.
History
Recent archeological excavations around the settlement have indicated that the area was inhabited in neolithic times and possibly even in the mesolithic, with the discovery of a number of stone implements, tools for grinding and obsidian arrowheads, all of which are now stored in the local museum in Egvekinot.[10]
In 1937, metal deposits were discovered in Iultin.[10] Due to the isolated nature of the area, the transportation of any minerals extracted would be difficult and it was decided that new port town would be created to serve the Iultin mines.[10] Dalstroy formed a new section, "Chukotstroy", whose aim was to construct Egvekinot and the road from the settlement to the Iultin mines.[10]
Egvekinot was founded on March 1, 1946,[1] under the supervision of B. N. Lenkov, the first head of Chukotstroy, specifically as a port so that the nearby Iultin Mining Complex about 180 kilometers (110 mi) north of the settlement could be easily supplied with materials. On July 16, the MV Sovetskaya Latviya brought the first 1,500 settlers to Egvekinot.[10] These construction workers were mainly political prisoners rather than willing emigrants. The labour force was responsible for the construction of the entire infrastructure in the area, including the construction of Egvekinot, the nearby village of Ozyorny, and the village of Iultin, as well as the 270 kilometers (170 mi) road linking the mines to the new port, the power station, warehouses, and residential and industrial buildings.[10]
As a result of this, the settlement became quite an important hub causing the population to grow to over 5,000 in the late 1980s. However, when the mining complex was closed in 1993, the economy of Egvekinot suffered with the population falling rapidly throughout the 1990s, though current Russian census details indicate a recovery in recent years.[11]
| 1989 | 2001 | 2002 |
|---|---|---|
| 5,478 [9] | 1 925 [1] | 2,413 [6] |
Climate
Egvekinot has an Arctic climate. Temperatures can be below freezing from October all the way through to the following May, and below −20 °C (−4 °F) from December through to March. The short summer is temperate.
| Climate data for Egvekinot | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5 (41) |
2 (36) |
6 (43) |
6 (43) |
13 (55) |
23 (73) |
28 (82) |
25 (77) |
15 (59) |
10 (50) |
8 (46) |
7 (44) |
28 (82) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −14 (6) |
−16 (3) |
−15 (5) |
−7 (19) |
1 (33) |
8 (46) |
12 (53) |
11 (51) |
6 (42) |
−2 (28) |
−9 (16) |
−14 (6) |
−3 (26) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23 (−9) |
−26 (−14) |
−24 (−11) |
−17 (1) |
−7 (19) |
1 (33) |
5 (41) |
6 (42) |
1 (33) |
−7 (19) |
−15 (5) |
−23 (−9) |
−11 (12) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47 (−52) |
−46 (−50) |
−44 (−47) |
−38 (−36) |
−30 (−22) |
−10 (14) |
−3 (26) |
−5 (23) |
−9 (16) |
−28 (−18) |
−41 (−41) |
−42 (−43) |
−47 (−52) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 61 (2.4) |
20.3 (0.80) |
48.3 (1.90) |
30.5 (1.20) |
38.1 (1.50) |
50.8 (2.00) |
76.2 (3.00) |
68.6 (2.70) |
20.3 (0.80) |
22.9 (0.90) |
35.6 (1.40) |
55.9 (2.20) |
533.4 (21.00) |
| Source: weatherreports.com[12] | |||||||||||||
Culture and sights
At the airport is a monument to the MI-8 helicopter, a common site in the air over Chukotka.
There is a museum in the settlement which deals mainly with local history, people, and archeology, as well as a cultural centre, home to the Zalivskiye Napevy folk chorus, the Sone song group, and Severyanka folk dance ensemble.[1]
Egvekinot has one of the only two ski slopes in Chukotka; a ski lodge can be found near the Staratelsky Stream.[11]
See also
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Fute, p. 139ff
- ^ a b Official website of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Iultinsky District
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ^ a b c d Law #149-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ a b c Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Cite error: The named reference "PopCensus" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ Red Cross of Chukotka. Iultinsky District (Archived)
- ^ Fute, p. 125
- ^ a b Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Александр Спиридонов. Эгвекинот-1996 Template:Ru icon
- ^ a b [1] Dmitri Kieffer's Blog as part of the Goliath Expedition
- ^ "Weather Averages for Egvekinot" (in eng). weatherreports.com. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
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Sources
- Petit Fute, Chukotka
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №149-ОЗ от 24 ноября 2008 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №85-ОЗ от 20 октября 2010 г «Об упразднении сельского поселения Нутэпэльмен Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №46/1 (373/1), 28 ноября 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #149-OZ of November 24, 2008 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #85-OZ of October 20, 2010 On the Abolition of Nutepelmen Rural Settlement of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.).