Epinephelus
Appearance
Epinephelus | |
---|---|
Epinephelus guttatus | |
Epinephelus tukula | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Perciformes |
Family: | Serranidae |
Subfamily: | Epinephelinae |
Tribe: | Epinephelini |
Genus: | Epinephelus Bloch, 1793 |
Epinephelus is a genus of fishes in the family Serranidae found in Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans.
Species
The 89 recognized species in this genus are:[2]
- Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck, 1765)
- Epinephelus aeneus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) (white grouper)
- Epinephelus akaara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Hong Kong grouper)
- Epinephelus albomarginatus Boulenger, 1903 (white-edged grouper)
- Epinephelus amblycephalus (Bleeker, 1857) (banded grouper)
- Epinephelus analogus T. N. Gill, 1863 (spotted grouper)
- Epinephelus andersoni Boulenger, 1903 (cat-face grouper)
- Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1775) (areolate grouper)
- Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (yellow grouper)
- Epinephelus bilobatus J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987 (twin-spot grouper)
- Epinephelus bleekeri (Vaillant, 1878) (dusky-tail grouper)
- Epinephelus bontoides (Bleeker, 1855) (pale-margin grouper)
- Epinephelus bruneus Bloch, 1793 (long-tooth grouper)
- Epinephelus caninus (Valenciennes, 1843) (dog-tooth grouper)
- Epinephelus chabaudi (Castelnau, 1861) (moustache grouper)
- Epinephelus chlorocephalus (Valenciennes, 1830) (Tonga grouper)
- Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828) (brown-spotted grouper)
- Epinephelus cifuentesi Lavenberg & Grove, 1993 (Olive grouper)
- Epinephelus clippertonensis G. R. Allen & D. R. Robertson, 1999
- Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus (Bloch, 1790) (white-spotted grouper)
- Epinephelus coioides (F. Hamilton, 1822) (orange-spotted grouper)
- Epinephelus corallicola (Valenciennes, 1828) (coral grouper)
- Epinephelus costae (Steindachner, 1878) (gold-blotch grouper)
- Epinephelus cyanopodus (J. Richardson, 1846) (speckled blue grouper)
- Epinephelus daemelii (Günther, 1876) (saddle-tail grouper)
- Epinephelus darwinensis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991 (Darwin grouper)
- Epinephelus diacanthus (Valenciennes, 1828) (spiny-cheek grouper)
- Epinephelus drummondhayi Goode & T. H. Bean, 1878
- Epinephelus epistictus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (dotted grouper)
- Epinephelus erythrurus (Valenciennes, 1828) (cloudy grouper)
- Epinephelus fasciatomaculosus (W. K. H. Peters, 1865) (rock grouper)
- Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål, 1775) (black-tip grouper)
- Epinephelus faveatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (barred-chest grouper)
- Epinephelus flavocaeruleus (Lacépède, 1802) (blue-and-yellow grouper)
- Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775) (brown-marbled grouper)
- Epinephelus gabriellae J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991 (multispotted grouper)
- Epinephelus geoffroyi (Klunzinger, 1870) (Red Sea spotted grouper) [3]
- Epinephelus goreensis (Valenciennes, 1830) (Dungat grouper)
- Epinephelus guttatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (red hind)
- Epinephelus heniochus Fowler, 1904 (Bridled grouper)
- Epinephelus hexagonatus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (star-spotted grouper)
- Epinephelus howlandi (Günther, 1873) (black-saddle grouper)
- Epinephelus indistinctus J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991 (Somali grouper)
- Epinephelus irroratus (Forster, 1801) (Marquesan grouper)
- Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) (Atlantic goliath grouper)
- Epinephelus kupangensis Tucker, Kurniasih & Craig, 2016 [4]
- Epinephelus labriformis (L. Jenyns, 1840) (starry grouper)
- Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1790) (giant grouper)
- Epinephelus latifasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (striped grouper)
- Epinephelus lebretonianus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853) (mystery grouper)
- Epinephelus longispinis (Kner, 1864) (long-spine grouper)
- Epinephelus macrospilos (Bleeker, 1855) (snub-nose grouper)
- Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch, 1790) (high-fin grouper)
- Epinephelus magniscuttis Postel, Fourmanoir & Guézé, 1963 (speckled grouper)
- Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Malabar grouper)
- Epinephelus marginatus (R. T. Lowe, 1834) (dusky grouper)
- Epinephelus melanostigma Schultz, 1953 (one-blotch grouper)
- Epinephelus merra Bloch, 1793 (honeycomb grouper)
- Epinephelus miliaris (Valenciennes, 1830) (net-fin grouper)
- Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes, 1828) (red grouper)
- Epinephelus morrhua (Valenciennes, 1833) (comet grouper)
- Epinephelus multinotatus (W. K. H. Peters, 1876) (white-blotched grouper)
- Epinephelus ongus (Bloch, 1790) (white-streaked grouper)
- Epinephelus poecilonotus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (dot-dash grouper)
- Epinephelus polylepis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991 (small-scaled grouper)
- Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849) (camouflage grouper)
- Epinephelus polystigma (Bleeker, 1853) (white-dotted grouper)
- Epinephelus posteli Fourmanoir & Crosnier, 1964 (striped-fin grouper)
- Epinephelus quinquefasciatus (Bocourt, 1868) (Pacific goliath grouper)
- Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes, 1830) (long-fin grouper)
- Epinephelus radiatus (F. Day, 1868) (oblique-banded grouper)
- Epinephelus retouti Bleeker, 1868 (red-tipped grouper)
- Epinephelus rivulatus Valenciennes, 1830) (halfmoon grouper)
- Epinephelus sexfasciatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (six-bar grouper)
- Epinephelus socialis (Günther, 1873) (surge grouper)
- Epinephelus spilotoceps Schultz, 1953 (four-saddle grouper)
- Epinephelus stictus J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987 (black-dotted grouper)
- Epinephelus stoliczkae (F. Day, 1875) (epaulet grouper)
- Epinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792) (Nassau grouper)
- Epinephelus suborbitalis Amaoka & J. E. Randall, 1990 (seamount grouper)
- Epinephelus summana (Forsskål, 1775) (Summan grouper)
- Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskål, 1775) (greasy grouper)
- Epinephelus timorensis J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987 (yellow-spotted grouper)
- Epinephelus trimaculatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (three-spot grouper)
- Epinephelus trophis J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987 (plump grouper)
- Epinephelus tuamotuensis Fourmanoir, 1971 (reticulated grouper)
- Epinephelus tukula Morgans, 1959 (potato grouper)
- Epinephelus undulatostriatus (W. K. H. Peters, 1867) (Maori grouper)
- Epinephelus undulosus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (wavy-lined grouper)
References
- ^ Sepkoski, J.J.Jr (2002): A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Genera. Archived July 23, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Bulletins of American Paleontology, 363: 1-560.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Epinephelus". FishBase. June 2016 version.
- ^ Golani, D., Askarov, G. & Dashevsky, Y. (2015): First record of the Red Sea spotted grouper, Epinephelus geoffroyi (Klunzinger, 1870) (Serranidae) in the Mediterranean. BioInvasions Records, 4 (2): 143–145.
- ^ Tucker, S.J., Kurniasih, E.M. & Craig, M.T. (2016): A New Species of Grouper (Epinephelus; Epinephelidae) from the Indo-Pacific. Copeia, 104 (3): 658-662.
External Links
- Media related to Epinephelus at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Epinephelus at Wikispecies