Great Russian Encyclopedia
| Author | Various contributors |
|---|---|
| Illustrator | Several |
| Language | Russian |
| Subject | General |
| Genre | Reference encyclopaedia |
| Publisher | Great Russian Encyclopedia |
Publication date | 2004—2017 |
| Publication place | Russia |
| Pages | Volume "Russia" – 1008, other volumes – on average 768 |
| Website | https://bigenc.ru/ |
The Great Russian Encyclopedia (GRE; Russian: Большая российская энциклопедия, БРЭ, transliterated as Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya or academically as Bolšaja rossijskaja enciklopedija) is a universal Russian encyclopedia, completed in 36 volumes, published between 2004 and 2017 by Great Russian Encyclopedia, JSC (Russian: Большая Российская энциклопедия ПАО, transliterated as Bolshaya Rossiyskaya Entsiklopediya PAO). It is released under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) after President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree №1156 in 2002.[1] The complete edition was released by 2017.[2]
The chief editor of the encyclopedia is Yury Osipov, the president of the RAS. The editorial board has more than 80 RAS members, including the Nobel Prize laureates Zhores Alferov and Vitaly Ginzburg.[1]
The first, introductory volume, released in 2004, is dedicated to Russia. Thirty-five volumes were released between 2005 and 2017, covering the range from "A" to "Яя" (Yaya).[3] The RAS plans to publish an updated version every five years, although it may not be issued in print after the first edition.
Personnel and management
Contributors
The GRE print version has many contributors eminent in their fields, such as Nobel Laureate physicist Zhores Alferov, theoretical physicist and astrophysicist Vitaly Ginzburg.
Editorial board
Yury Osipov, a mathematician, President of RAS (1991-2013), is the GRE Editor in Chief and Chairman of the Scientific Editorial Board.
Managing editor is Sergey Kravets, journalist, editor and cultural figure.
Also in the scientific editorial board are or were:
- RAS Academics:
Sergey S. Averintsev, Eugene N. Avrorin, Sergei I. Adian, Yuri P. Altukhov, Zhores I. Alferov, Boris V. Anan'ich, Alexander F. Andreev, Leo N. Andreev, Dmitry V. Anosov, Vladimir I. Arnold, Sergey N. Bagaev, Nikolai Bahvalov, Oleg A. Bogatikov, Alexander A. Boyarchuk, Evgeny Velikhov, Vladimir A. Vinogradov, Andrei I. Vorobyov, Eric M. Galimov, Andrey V. Gaponov-Grekhov, Mikhail L. Gasparov, Vitaly L. Ginzburg, Georgy S. Golitsyn, Andrei A. Gonchar, Anatoly I. Grigoriev, Abdusalam A. Guseinov, Mikhail I. Davydov, Anatoly P. Derevyanko, Nikolai L. Dobretsov, Yuri I. Zhuravlev, Nicholas S. Zefirov, Yuri A. Zolotov, Viktor P. Ivannikov, Vadim T. Ivanov, Sergei G. Inge-Vechtomov, Alexander S. Isaev, Victor A. Kabanov, Eugene N. Kablov, Sergei P. Karpov, Lev L. Kiselev, Alex E. Kontorovich, Vladimir M. Kotlyakov, Oleg N. Krokhin, Edward P. Kruglyakov, Alexander B. Kudelin, Oleg Y. Kutafin, Nikolai P. Laverov, Viktor P. Legostaev, Nikolai P. Liakishev, Valery L. Makarov, Alexander M. Matveenko, Gennady A. Mesyats, Alexander D. Nekipelov, Alexei V. Nikolaev, Sergey P. Novikov, Yuri S. Osipov, Dmitry S. Pavlov, Alexey N. Parshin, Nikolai A. Plate, Nikolai N. Ponomarev-Steppe, Yuri V. Prokhorov, Alexei Y. Rozanov, Valery A. Rubakov, Alexander Y. Rumyantsev, Dmitry V. Rundkvist, Gennady I. Savin, Victor A. Sadovnichii, Alexander N. Skrinsky, Alexander S. Spirin, Yuri S. Stepanov, Vyacheslav S. Stepin, Michael L. Titarenko, Valery A. Tishkov, Yuri D. Tretyakov, Kliment N. Trubetskoy, Oleg H. Favorsky, Ludvig D. Faddeev, Vladimir Ye. Fortov, Konstantin V. Frolov, Yuri I. Chernov, Gorimir G. Chernii, Alexander O. Chubarian, Vitaly D. Shafranov, Sergey V. Shestakov, Dmitry V. Shirkov.
- RAS Corresponding Members:
Boris A. Babayan, Vladimir I. Vasiliev, Piama P. Gaidenko, Rudolf V. Kamelin, Michael V. Kovalchuk, Nikolai I. Lapin, Sergey S. Lappo, Alexey V. Yablokov.
- Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Academician:
- Russian Academy of Arts Academician:
- Russian Federation Statesmen:
- Aleksandr A. Avdeyev (Culture Minister in 2008–2012),
- Andrei A. Fursenko (Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2004–2012),
- Andrei A. Kokoshin (Secretary of the Russian Security Council in 1998),
- Sergey E. Naryshkin (Head of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation in 2008–2011, Chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation since 2011),
- Alexander S. Sokolov (musicologist, Culture Minister in 2004-2008),
- Sergey K. Shoigu (Minister of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation in 1994–2012, Defense Minister from 2012),
- Mikhail E. Shvydkoi (Culture Minister in 2000–2004),
- Alexander D. Zhukov (Deputy Prime Minister in 2004–2011).
- and also:
Alexei D. Bogaturov, Sergey V. Chemezov, Vladimir V. Grigoriev, Alexei I. Komech, Vladimir A. Mau, D. L. Orlov.
Edition summary
Publication schedule and contents of volumes:
| Vol. | Title (translit - translation) | Publication year | ISBN | pages |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Россия (Rossija - Russia) | 2004 | ISBN 5-85270-326-5 | 1008 |
| 1 | A (A - A) Анкетирование (Anketirovanie - Questionnaires) |
2005 | ISBN 5-85270-329-X | 766 |
| 2 | Анкилоз (Ankiloz - Ankylosis) Банка ( Banka – Ocean bank) |
2005 | ISBN 5-85270-330-3 | 766 |
| 3 | «Банкетная кампания» 1904 («Banketnaja kampanija» 1904 - «Banquet campaign» 1904) Большой Иргиз (Bol'shoj Irgiz - Large Irgiz) |
2005 | ISBN 5-85270-331-1 | 766 |
| 4 | Большой Кавказ (Bol'shoj Kavkaz - Greater Caucasus) Великий канал (Velikij kanal - Great Channel) |
2006 | ISBN 5-85270-333-8 | 766 |
| 5 | Великий князь (Velikij knjaz' – The Grand Duke) Восходящий узел орбиты (Voshodjashhij uzel orbity - ascending node of the orbit) |
2006 | ISBN 5-85270-334-6 | 786 |
| 6 | Восьмеричный путь (Vos'merichnyj put' - Eightfold Path) Германцы (Germancy - Germans) |
2006 | ISBN 5-85270-335-4 | 768 |
| 7 | Гермафродит (Germafrodit – Hermaphrodite) Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev) |
2007 | ISBN 978-5-85270-337-8 | 767 |
| 8 | Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev) Динамика (Dinamika - Dynamics) |
2007 | ISBN 978-5-85270-338-5 | 767 |
| 9 | Динамика атмосферы (Dinamika atmosfery - Dynamics of the atmosphere) Железнодорожный узел (Zheleznodorozhnyj uzel - Railway junction) |
2007 | ISBN 978-585270-339-2 | 767 |
| 10 | Железное дерево (Zheleznoe derevo - Iron Tree) Излучение (Izluchenie - Radiation) |
2008 | ISBN 978-5-85270-341-5 | 767 |
| 11 | Излучение плазмы (Izluchenie plazmy - Radiation plasma) Исламский фронт спасения (Islamskij front spasenija - the Islamic Salvation Front) |
2008 | ISBN 978-5-85270-342-2 | 767 |
| 12 | Исландия (Islandija - Iceland) Канцеляризмы (Kanceljarizmy - Kantselyarizmy) |
2008 | ISBN 978-5-85270-343-9 | 767 |
| 13 | Канцелярия конфискации (Kanceljarija konfiskacii - Chancery of Confiscation) Киргизы (Kirgizy - Kirghiz) |
2009 | ISBN 978-5-85270-344-6 | 783 |
| 14 | Киреев (Kireev - Kireev) Конго (Kongo - Congo) |
2009 | ISBN 978-5-85270-345-3 | 751 |
| 15 | Конго (Kongo - Congo) Крещение (Kreshhenie - Baptism) |
2010 | ISBN 978-5-85270-346-0 | 767 |
| 16 | Крещение Господне (Kreshhenie Gospodne - Epiphany) Ласточковые (Lastochkovye - Lastochkovye) |
2010 | ISBN 978-5-85270-347-7 | 751 |
| 17 | Лас-Тунас (Las-Tunas - Las Tunas) Ломонос (Lomonos - Clematis) |
2011 | ISBN 978-5-85270-350-7 | 751 |
| 18 | Ломоносов (Lomonosov - Lomonosov) Манизер (Manizer - Manizer) |
2011 | ISBN 978-5-85270-351-4 | 768 |
| 19 | Маниковский (Manikovskij - Iznikovsky) Меотида (Meotida - Meotida) |
2012 | ISBN 978-5-85270-353-8 | 768 |
| 20 | Меотская археологическая культура (Meotskaja arheologicheskaja kul'tura - Meotian archaeological culture) Монголо-татарское нашествие (Mongolo-tatarskoe nashestvie - Mongol-Tatar invasion) |
2012 | ISBN 978-5-85270-354-5 | 768 |
| 21 | Монголы (Mongoly - Mongols) Наноматериалы (Nanomaterialy - Nanomaterials) |
2013 | ISBN 978-5-85270-355-2 | 768 |
| 22 | Нанонаука (Nanonauka - Nanoscience) Николай Кавасила (Nikolaj Kavasila - Nicholas Kabasilas) |
2013 | ISBN 978-5-85270-358-3 | 767 |
| 23 | Николай Кузанский (Nikolaj Kuzanskij - Nicholas of Cusa) Океан (Okean - Ocean) |
2013 | ISBN 978-5-85270-360-6 | 767 |
| 24 | Океанариум (Okeanarium - Oceanarium) Оясио (Ojasio - Oyashio) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-361-3 | 767[4] |
| 25 | П (P - П) Пертур (Pertur - Perturbation) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-362-0 | 765[5] |
| 26 | Перу (Peru - Peru) Полуприцеп (Polupritsep - Semitrailer) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-363-7 | 767[6] |
| 27 | Полупроводники (Poluprovodniki - Semiconductors) Пустыня (Pustynya - Desert) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-364-4 | 767[7] |
| 28 | Пустырник (Pustyrnik - Motherwort) Румчерод (Rumcherod - Rumcherod) |
2015 | ISBN 978-5-85270-365-1 | 767[8] |
| 29 | Румыния (Rumyniya - Romania) Сен - Жан - де - Люз (Sen-Zhan-de-Lyuz - Saint-Jean-de-Luz) |
2015 | ISBN 978-5-85270-366-8 | 767[9] |
| 30 | Сен-Жерменский мир 1679 (Sen-Zhermenskiy mir 1679 - Saint-Germain Treaty 1679) Социальное обеспечение (Sotsial'noye obespecheniy - Social security) |
2016 | ISBN 978-5-85270-367-5 | 767[10] |
| 31 | Социальное партнёрство (Sotsial'noye partnorstvo - Social partnership) Телевидение (Televideniye - Television) |
2016 | ISBN 978-5-85270-368-2 | 768[11] |
| 32 | Телевизионная башня (Televizionnaya bashnya - Television tower) Улан-Батор (Ulan-Bator - Ulaanbaatar) |
2016 | ISBN 978-5-85270-369-9 | 768[12] |
| 33 | Уланд (Uhland - Uhland) Хватцев (Khvatsev - Khvatsev) |
2017 | ISBN 978-5-85270-370-5 | 799[13] |
| 34 | Хвойка (Khvoyka - Khvoyka) Шервинский (Shervinsky - Shervinsky) |
2017 | ISBN 978-5-85270-372-9 | 799[14] |
| 35 | Шервуд (Sherwood - Sherwood) Яя (Yaya - Yaya) |
2017 | ISBN 978-5-85270-373-6 | 799[15] |
Electronic version
From April 2016, an electronic version of the Great Russian Encyclopedia is available, with 12,000 articles at launch. New articles are added daily. Web links given under the external links section.
Criticism
One criticism of the encyclopedia is that it is an unnecessary prestige project in the era when all major encyclopedias went online.[16]
Given its government sponsorship and explicit goal of replacing Wikipedia,[17][18] the neutrality of the encyclopedia may be questioned. Some material from the explicitly Marxist-Leninist Great Soviet Encyclopedia has been included.
See also
References
- ^ a b "GRE in 30 volumes" (in Russian). GRE official website. 2006. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
- ^ Сергей Кравец: Российская энциклопедия — это и есть мы (in Russian). Evening Moscow. 2012-06-12. Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
- ^ "row 42 of price list" (in Russian). GRE official website. 2017. Retrieved 2017-10-31.
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 24. Oceanarium - Oyashio (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 25. P - Perturbation (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 26. Peru - Semitrailer (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 27. Semiconductors - Desert (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 28. Motherwort - Rumcherod (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 29. Romania - Saint-Jean-de-Luz (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 30. Saint-Germain World 1679 - Social Security (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 31. Social partnership - Television (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 32. TV Tower - Ulaanbaatar (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 33. Uhland-Khvatsev (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 34. Khvoyka-Shervinsky (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 35. Uhland-Khvatsev (in Russian).
- ^ "Russia set to unveil the world's newest print encyclopedia – and its last?". Christian Science Monitor. 2017-03-23.
- ^ "Russia to get 'autonomous' Wikipedia in four years". belsat.eu.
- ^ "Putin proposes to replace Wikipedia with 'reliable' Russian version | DW | 05.11.2019". DW.COM. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
External links
- Official website (in Russian)