HMS Bermuda (52)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Bermuda.

History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Bermuda
Namesake	Bermuda
Builder	John Brown & Company, Clydebank
Yard number	568
Laid down	30 November 1939
Launched	11 September 1941
Commissioned	21 August 1942
Decommissioned	1962
Identification	Pennant number 52
Fate	Scrapped by Thos W Ward, Briton Ferry, Wales starting on 26 August 1965
General characteristics
Class and type	Template:Sclass2- light cruiser
Displacement	8,530 tonnes standard 10450 tons full load
Length	169.3 m (555 ft)
Beam	18.9 m (62 ft)
Draught	5 m (16 ft)
Propulsion	Four oil fired three-drum Admiralty-type boilers four-shaft geared turbines four screws 54.1 megawatts (72,500 shp)
Speed	33 knots (61 km/h)
Range	6,520 nmi (12,080 km; 7,500 mi) at 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph)
Complement	730
Armament	Twelve (Nine after 1945 refit) BL 6 inch Mk XXIII naval guns (4 (3) × 3), eight QF 4 in (102 mm) Mark XVI guns (4 × 2), eight 40 mm Bofors AA (4 × 2) guns, 3 quadruple 2-pounder ("pom-pom") AA mounts 12 20 mm AA (6 × 2) guns Six 21 inch (533 mm) (2 × 3) torpedo tubes
Armour	Main belt: 83 mm, Deck: 51 mm, Turrets: 51 mm, Director control tower: 102 mm.
Aircraft carried	Two Supermarine Walrus aircraft, removed November 1943.

HMS Bermuda (pennant number 52, later C52) was a Template:Sclass2- light cruiser of the Royal Navy. She was completed during World War II and served in that conflict. She was named for the British territory of Bermuda, and was the eighth vessel of that name.

Bermuda was built by John Brown & Company of Clydebank and launched on 11 September 1941. In the same year, the lead ship of the class, Fiji, was sunk while participating in the evacuation of Crete.

War service

A Supermarine Walrus amphibian airplane being launched from the catapult deck of Bermuda. The aircraft has just left the catapult.

Through 1942, Bermuda participated in the North Africa campaign, including Operation Torch, as part of the 10th Cruiser Squadron. With the cruiser Sheffield, she was detached from Force H to attack a small coastal fort, where both came under attack from Italian torpedo bombers. She covered the landing at Bougie and managed to escape heavy air attacks unscathed. Bermuda then returned to service in the Atlantic to escort ships in the Bay of Biscay, and in June 1943, she transported men and supplies to Spitsbergen. She then participated in anti-submarine operations against German U-boats operating in the Bay of Biscay, and the North Atlantic. After more service in the Arctic, she returned to Glasgow in June 1944 for a refit.

The refit removed her 'X' turret, and she was then dispatched to the Pacific as the war in Europe was ending, in May 1945. She arrived in Fremantle on 1 July to take on fuel and stores, before continuing on to Sydney, where she arrived on 7 July. There she undertook exercises with other Royal Navy ships serving in the Far East, including the battleship Anson. Whilst in Sydney, news reached them of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the subsequent surrender of Japan. Bermuda then sailed for the Philippines, arriving on 23 August. She then became part of an operation to recover allied prisoners of war from the previously occupied Japanese territories.

On 6 September Bermuda was attacked by Japanese aircraft, apparently unaware of the end of the war, or otherwise unwilling to surrender. Bermuda fought off the attack and was able to continue on her way. She then transported allied prisoners of war to Shanghai for repatriation.

Post war

Bermuda operating with the US aircraft carrier USS Essex in the North Atlantic, 1961.

Bermuda remained in the Far East as the flagship of the 5th Cruiser Squadron, until 1947, when she returned to the UK for a refit at Chatham Dockyard. She was then placed in reserve. In 1950 she was restored to active service, and served in the South Atlantic as the flagship of the Commander in Chief, South Atlantic Station until 1953. Vice Admiral Peveril William-Powlett was Commander-in-Chief, South Atlantic from 1952–54. She then served with the Mediterranean Fleet. In 1953, she and her sister Gambia brought aid to the Greek island of Zakynthos when it was struck by the Ionian earthquake. Greek officials would later comment, "we Greeks have a long-standing tradition with the Royal Navy and it lived up to every expectation in its infallible tradition of always being the first to help"

In 1956 Bermuda was paid-off and towed up to Palmer's at Hebburn on Tyne to undergo a long refit. She was updated largely on the same pattern as HMS Gambia with an enclosed bridge, and US supplied Mk 63 directors for the 4 inch twin gun mounts, but appears to have maintained simple tacymetric fire control for new Twin Mk 5 40mm mounts, which were repositioned for better arcs of fire. She returned to service, and spent the next few years in exercises with other NATO navies, or other Royal Navy units. In April 1958, she left Malta to assist in the reinforcement of Cyprus during a period of civil unrest. Bermuda attended the Ceremony of independence of Nigeria on 1 October 1960, before joining the Mediterranean Fleet, relieving the cruiser Tiger.

Bermuda was decommissioned in 1962, after 21 years in service. She was scrapped by Thos W Ward, Briton Ferry, Wales starting on 26 August 1965

Bermuda

HMS Bermuda made several visits to her namesake, where she was presented with a number of silver objects, including a large bell — which was occasionally used as a font for Holy Water in the baptism of children of the crew — and four bugles. Two of the bugles later found their way to the Bermuda Regiment. Apart from the bell and the bugles, which were collected together by the Bermuda Maritime Museum at the former Bermuda Dockyard, the other items went missing following the ship's decommissioning.

References

• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
• Raven, Alan; Roberts, John (1980). British Cruisers of World War Two. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-922-7.
• Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
• Waters, Conrad (March 2016), "Last of the Colony Cruisers", Ships Monthly: 38–41
• Whitley, M. J. (1995). Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell. ISBN 1-86019-874-0.

External links

• WWII cruisers
• HMS Bermuda at Uboat.net
• HMS Bermuda – A comprehensive story of the Bermuda, including personal stories and photographs
• HMS Bermuda (Clydebuilt Ships Database)
• Last pictures of HMS Bermuda at Thos W Ward's breakers yard Briton ferry Neath 1960s. Her masts have been removed to enable her under the Briton Ferry river bridge and her final leg to the wharf. Can be found at the following link. HMS BERMUDA C52