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John Gavin

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For other people named John Gavin, see John Gavin (disambiguation).
John Gavin
United States Ambassador to Mexico
In office
June 5, 1981 – June 10, 1986
PresidentRonald Reagan
Preceded byJulian Nava
Succeeded byCharles J. Pilliod, Jr.
Personal details
Born
John Anthony Golenor

(1931-04-08) April 8, 1931 (age 93)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Spouse(s)Cecily Evans (m. 1957–65; divorced); 2 children
Constance Towers (1974–present); 2 stepchildren by this marriage
OccupationActor and Diplomat

John Gavin (born John Anthony Golenor on April 8, 1931) is an American film actor and a former United States Ambassador to Mexico from 1981–86 and head of the Screen Actors Guild from 1971–73. He is best known for his performances in the films Imitation of Life (1959), Spartacus (1960), Psycho (1960) and Thoroughly Modern Millie (1967), playing leading roles in a series of films for producer Ross Hunter.

Biography

Early life

Born John Anthony Golenor, Gavin is of Mexican and Irish descent, and is fluent in Spanish. His father, Herald Ray Golenor, was of Irish origin, and his ancestors were early landowners in California when it was still under Spanish rule. Gavin's mother (Delia Diana Pablos) hailed from the historically influential Pablos family of Sonora, Mexico.[1]

After attending St. John's Military Academy (Los Angeles) and Villanova Prep (Ojai, California), both Catholic schools, he earned a B.A. from Stanford University, where he did senior honors work in Latin American economic history and was a member of Stanford's Naval ROTC unit. He graduated with a degree in economics and Latin American affairs.[2] "I never did any acting in school, never had any curiosity about college plays", he later said. "My entire thought moved in quite another direction."[3]

Military service

During the Korean War Gavin was commissioned in the U.S. Navy serving aboard the USS Princeton offshore Korea where he served as an air intelligence officer from 1951 until the end of the war in 1953. Due to Gavin's fluency in both Spanish and Portuguese he was assigned as Flag Lieutenant to Admiral Milton E. Miles until he completed his four-year tour of duty in 1955.

He received an award due to his work in the Honduras floods of 1954.[4]

Gavin later said in a 1960 interview:

Some people have inferred from what I said in the past I'm a rich boy, which I'm not, and that I'm doing this for a lark... Apparently you're either born in abject poverty and rise above it or else you're enormously wealthy. The fact that I went to a nice prep school and Stanford University has something to do with it... I went on a scholarship. I have been on my own ever since I got commissioned in the Navy. I never came into an estate or anything like that.[5]

Entry into acting

Following his naval service Gavin offered himself as a technical adviser to family friend Bryan Foy who was making a movie about the Princeton. Instead Foy arranged a screen test with Universal. Gavin originally turned down the offer – he had never acted in college – but his father urged him to try it. The test was successful and Gavin signed with the studio.[2][3]

"They offered me so much money I couldn't resist", he said later.[6]

Universal Studios

Universal Pictures groomed Gavin as a virile, strapping, handsome leading man in the mold of Rock Hudson. They gave him roles in the films Behind the High Wall, Four Girls in Town and Quantez. He was meant to star in The Female Animal but was too busy on other projects and was replaced by George Nader.[7]

Gavin later remembered, "When I started out in front of the cameras I was green – raw, scared and just plain awful."[8]

Stardom: A Time to Love and a Time to Die

Gavin's first big break was being given the lead in A Time to Love and a Time to Die (1958) from the novel by Erich Maria Remarque. This drew comparisons with the casting of the similarly-inexperienced Lew Ayres in Universal's film version of All Quiet on the Western Front (1931).[9]

"I felt that, after extensive tests, that he could be just right because of his lack of experience", said director Douglas Sirk. "He was fresh, young, good looking, not pretty though, earnest – and had this little dilettante quality I figured would be quite the thing for the lead in this picture."[10]

"I think we have a good man", said Remarque of Gavin's casting.[11] Universal executive Al Daff called Gavin "the greatest prospect I've seen in years".[12]

"It changed my entire life", said Gavin,[3] who then went on to add: "If I should have the good fortune to become a star, I certainly don't intend to become a star twenty-four hours a day."[12]

Universal was so excited about Gavin, they sent a copy of his screen test to critics in advance of the movie's release.[13] Hedda Hopper saw a preview and predicted that Gavin will "take the public by storm and so will the picture."[14] He was dubbed "Universal's new white hope".[15] Publicity consistently drew comparisons with Lew Ayres.[16]

The film was not a big success when it was released, although Gavin was praised by Jean-Luc Godard in an article in Cahiers du cinéma.[10] "For a comparative newcomer he does remarkably well", wrote the Chicago Daily Tribune.[17] The New York Times called him a "good-looking, dull young man whose speech, attitude and dull delivery betray the tyro [first-time actor] from Hollywood."[18] The Los Angeles Times said he gave a "sensible, likeable" performance.[19] "Never once is one convinced that Gavin is anything other than a nice looking American lad just out of college", wrote the Washington Post. "One can hardly call Gavin's a performance."[20]

A series of classic films

Before A Time to Love and a Time to Die had been released, Gavin had already been cast by Douglas Sirk in another important role – supporting Lana Turner in Imitation of Life (1959). Unlike A Time to Love and a Time to Die, this was a spectacular success at the box office, and Gavin was voted most promising male newcomer for his performance in the film by the Motion Picture Exhibitor.[21]

Universal then used him in the epic Spartacus (1960) directed by Stanley Kubrick in a key supporting role as Julius Caesar.[22] He was then cast in the classic thriller Psycho (1960) for director Alfred Hitchcock. Gavin later claimed he was "terribly disturbed" by the sex and violence in Psycho and felt "I think Hitch really got frosted with me."[10] Both movies were spectacularly successful critically and commercially.

In the words of one writer, the success of Imitation of Life meant Gavin "was invariably cast as a staunch fellow of good will who looked handsome but was permitted little action opposite... [his] leading ladies."[23] He co-starred against Doris Day in the 1960 thriller Midnight Lace, Sophia Loren in the comedic A Breath of Scandal (which Gavin later called a "turkey"[10]), Susan Hayward in the melodrama Back Street and with Sandra Dee in Romanoff and Juliet and Tammy Tell Me True. Most of these film were produced by Ross Hunter. Gavin also appeared periodically on TV during this time in various anthology series; he was directed by a young William Friedkin in an episode of The Alfred Hitchcock Hour.

Gavin later claimed that he lacked training support from Universal during his early days there:

When I walked through the gate, Universal quit building actors. All of a sudden I was doing leading roles. I knew I was a tyro but they told me to shut up and act. Some of those early roles were unactable. Even Laurence Olivier couldn't have done anything with them. The dialog ran to cardboard passages such as 'I love you. You can rely on me darling. I'll wait.' It was all I could do to keep from adding, 'with egg on my face'... So I psyched myself negative... There was no studio system to let me work my way up through small roles. When I got up on my hind legs, no one would believe it.[24]

He admitted in a 1960 interview that at one stage he even considered quitting acting to take up law:

I decided to stay after I became aware of what I was doing. I don't want to be mediocre and I'm conceited enough to think I can be good in this business. But I really hope it's nothing as silly as conceit that makes me say that.[5]

He added that he wished people would stop comparing him to Rock Hudson "because I can't but help come off second best."[5]

Freelance

Gavin left Universal in 1962 to freelance. He signed to make several movies in Europe including The Assassins, The Challenge and Night Call.[23] However he pulled out of The Assassins (which became Assassins of Rome (1965)), Night Call was never made and The Challenge kept getting pushed back and was eventually never made.[25] In early 1964 Gavin starred in the TV series Destry.[26] He was quoted during filming:

When I came to Universal, they were making 40 pictures a year. I walked through the gate, was given a contract, and immediately the number of pictures [films] dropped to eight or nine a year. I'm not complaining because I was given good roles... roles with scope and breadth. But I wish I could have been put in 40 or 50 roles before making my 'first' picture, do you know what I mean? Doing a series now is like putting the cart before the horse. I'm glad to be doing Destry now though because of the experience. My gosh, I've shot more film in the last five weeks than I have in my entire life.[27]

The series was not a ratings success and was soon cancelled.

Return to Universal

In September 1964 Gavin signed a new contract with Universal which gave him the option to take work outside the studio.[25] He tried another TV series, Convoy which only had a short run before being cancelled.[28] Gavin then appeared in a Mexican film Pedro Páramo, based on a famous novel. "I had to do something I was proud of", said Gavin of the latter movie:[6]

"Pedro broke the mold. I had to break it. All the trash I've done. I just couldn't do it anymore."[24] While filming in Mexico, Gavin heard Universal was making an expensive 1920s-era Julie Andrews musical Thoroughly Modern Millie (1967) for George Roy Hill, again for producer Ross Hunter. He lobbied for the role of Mary Tyler Moore's stuffy boyfriend to Hunter and Universal production head Ed Muhl. "This is a square, square guy so I told them it would be such type casting that they just couldn't get anyone else but me", said Gavin.[6] Gavin read for director George Roy Hill and was cast. "I told Ross I'm playing a parody of every part I've had in a Ross Hunter picture", said Gavin.[6] He thought Millie had been a "breakthrough comedy role" for him. "Now I'm beginning to feel like a journeyman actor and I want a little more dimension in movie roles", he said.[24] "I've developed into a pretty good Sunday actor", claimed Gavin in 1966, although he admitted to making mistakes in his career. "I have to be beat over the head. I'm intelligent, but not smart."[6] In June 1966 Gavin signed a new non-exclusive contract with Universal, for five years at one film per year.[29] Gavin never regained his former prominence but he did get cast in the lead in OSS 117 - Double Agent (then called No Roses for Robert, replacing Frederick Stafford, who was filming Alfred Hitchcock's Topaz). He also had good supporting roles in The Madwoman of Chaillot[30] and Pussycat, Pussycat I Love You (in the latter sending up his own image[31]).

James Bond

Gavin was signed for the role of James Bond in the 1971 film Diamonds Are Forever after prior Bond, George Lazenby left the role.[32] "Time was getting awfully short", said producer Albert Broccoli. "We had to have someone in the bullpen."[33] Head of United Artists, David Picker, however, wanted the box-office insurance of Sean Connery, and made Connery a highly lucrative offer to return as Bond. Gavin's contract was still honored in full. According to Roger Moore's James Bond Diary, Gavin also was slated to play Bond in 1973 in Live and Let Die, but Harry Saltzman insisted on a British actor for the role and Roger Moore played the role instead.[34]

Screen Actors Guild

Gavin had been on the Board of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) in 1965. He served one term as Third Vice-President, and two terms as First Vice-President. He was president from 1971 to 1973. According to the SAG website:

As Guild President, in 1972, he testified before the Federal Trade Commission on phone talent rackets; met with President Richard Nixon to present the problem of excessive television reruns; presented petitions to the federal government on issues of prime-time access rules, legislative assistance for American motion pictures (to combat Runaway Production), and film production by the government using non-professional actors.[35]

He was defeated, in a ballot, by Dennis Weaver in 1973. Gavin was the first incumbent president to be defeated by an independent challenger.[36]

Live theatre

Gavin made a successful foray into live theatre in the 1970s, showcasing his baritone voice. He toured the summer stock circuit as El Gallo in a production of The Fantasticks.

In 1973 Gavin replaced Ken Howard in the Broadway musical, Seesaw (1973) opposite Michele Lee, beating out Tab Hunter who also auditioned. The producers said Gavin got the role because "he sings and dances better than Hunter and looks great on stage with Michele".[37] (Gavin later claimed he was offered the musical from the beginning but turned it down because the book was not up to scratch, then changed his mind when Michael Bennett asked him to join the cast later.[38])

He played the role for seven months, then stayed in it when the show toured the country with Lucie Arnaz. Both the Broadway and touring production were directed by Michael Bennett.[10] The Los Angeles Times said he gives a "solid performance".[39]

Gavin reflected in an interview during the tour, "I used to play one dimensional people. But looking backwards my work has been varied. Some people have said rich."[40]

Later TV work

In the late 1970s Gavin concentrated on TV and his growing business interests. His best known performance around this time was playing Cary Grant in the TV movie Sophia Loren: Her Own Story (1980).[41]

Politics

John Gavin with first ladies Paloma Cordero of Mexico (left) and Nancy Reagan of the United States (right) after the 1985 Mexico City earthquake.

Gavin was cultural adviser to the Organization of American States from 1961 to 1965.[42]

Ambassador to Mexico

A Republican, Gavin was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Mexico in June 1981 by President Ronald Reagan and served until June 12, 1986. During his tenure as ambassador, he was involved in an incident where he roughed up a local television cameraman [citation needed].

According to the Los Angeles Times, Gavin was an "activist envoy to Mexico" who "won praise in many circles for his handling of such issues as trade and illegal drug dealing as well as for speaking out against anti-American sentiment. But his candor and meetings with critics of the ruling party prompted accusations by Mexicans of meddling in the country's domestic affairs."[43]

Possible Senate run

In 1991 Gavin was sounded out about running for the Senate for the Republican Party but decided not to.[43]

Personal

He married actress Cicely Evans in 1957. They had two children and lived in Dennis O'Keefe's former house in Beverly Hills.[44] Gavin's first marriage ended in divorce in 1965.

While making No Roses for Robert in Italy in 1967 he dated co star Luciana Paluzzi.[45]

Gavin has been married to Constance Towers, a stage and television actress, since 1974. They had first met in 1957 at a party when his godfather, Jimmy McHugh, introduced them. Towers had two children from her previous marriage to Eugene McGrath. Gavin's elder daughter, Cristina, followed in his footsteps and became an actress. His younger daughter, Maria, also followed in Gavin's footsteps in her own right with a master's degree from Stanford, and has a successful career in television production.[46]

Business career

Gavin had numerous business interests parallel to his acting career.

After his work as Mexico ambassador, Gavin became vice-president of Atlantic Richfield in the field of federal and international relations in June 1986. In 1987 he resigned to become president of Univisa Satellite Communications, a new subsidiary of Univisa, the Spanish language broadcasting empire.[47][48] He worked with them until December 1989.

Gavin was also president of Gamma Holdings, a global capital and consulting company which he helped found in 1968.[49] He was chairman of Gamma Services International from January 1990.

He served on the boards of Causeway Capital (Chairman); The Hotchkis & Wiley Funds (Chairman); The TCW Strategic Income Fund since 2001; Securitas Security Services USA, Inc. since April 1993, DII Industries, LLC since 1986; Claxson Interactive Group Inc. since September 21, 2001; Anvita, Inc.; the Latin America Strategy Board at HM Capital Partners LLC; Apex Mortgage Capital Inc. since December 1997; Krause's Furniture, Inc. since September 1996; Atlantic Richfield Co. since 1989; International Wire Holdings Company and International Wire Group Holdings, Inc. since June 1995.

He was Senior Counselor to Hicks Trans American Partners (a division of Hicks Holdings) from 2001, a Managing Director and partner of Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst (Latin America) from 1994 to 2001. He has been an Independent Trustee of Causeway International Value Fund since September 2001.

Gavin served on various pro bono boards, including: The Anderson Graduate School or Management at UCLA; Don Bosco Institute; the FEDCO Charitable Fund (administered by the California Community Foundation); The Hoover Institution; Loyola-Marymount University; The National Park Foundation; The Southwest Museum; The University of the Americas; and Villanova Preparatory School.[50][51]

Critical appraisal

In 1960 Hedda Hopper claimed she suggested Gavin play the lead in Back Street over William Holden or Gregory Peck as he was "a better actor than either of them."[52]

In 1973 Gavin himself reflected:

For a long time I wondered if I shouldn't have gone into something worthwhile, such as being a doctor. To the bitter end Spencer Tracy was also tortured with the same agony. I've only recently realized there's the actor in every human being – and to let it out, let it happen is a very wonderful, very giving thing. But I would have been so much happier in the past if I realized that sooner. You see, I would have relaxed.[8]

Sam Stagg, author of a book on the making of The Imitation of Life was critical of Gavin's performance in that film and A Time to Love and a Time to Die:

In both films, Gavin is a foreign body: he slows them down like a virus that must run its course... What he did in this picture... he did in all the others – rather, it's what he didn't do: he didn't act with his face, his eyes, his voice, his body. He resembles a chiseled monolith and his facial muscles move as rarely as Nicole Kidman's... From the outset, critics have called Gavin "wooden". But that critical cliche tells only half. If heartthrobs like Rock Hudson were dreamboats, then Gavin is a glass bottom boat – in dry dock. His depthless transparency exposes his shortcomings... [Gavin was] eye candy... low-calorie but filling and incapable of stealing a scene.[53]

Filmography

Film

Year Title Role Notes
1956 Raw Edge Dan Kirby Credited as "John Gilmore"
1956 Behind the High Wall Johnny Hutchins
1957 Four Girls in Town Tom Grant
1957 Quantez Teach
1958 A Time to Love and a Time to Die Ernst Graeber
1959 Imitation of Life Steve Archer
1960 A Breath of Scandal Charlie Foster
1960 Psycho Sam Loomis
1960 Spartacus Julius Caesar
1960 Midnight Lace Brian Younger
1961 Romanoff and Juliet Igor Romanoff
1961 Tammy Tell Me True Tom Freeman
1961 Back Street Paul Saxon
1967 Pedro Páramo Pedro Páramo
1967 Thoroughly Modern Millie Trevor Graydon
1968 OSS 117 - Double Agent Hubert Bonisseur de la Bath a.k.a. Murder for Sale
1969 The Madwoman of Chaillot The Reverend
1970 Pussycat, Pussycat, I Love You Charlie Harrison
1973 Keep It in the Family Roy McDonald a.k.a. Les Cocus
1973 Nefertiti y Aquenatos Aquenatos Short film
1976 La casa de las sombras Roland Stewart a.k.a. House of Shadows
1978 Jennifer Senator Tremayne

Television

Year Title Role Notes
1960 Insight Priest Episode: "The Martyr"
1962 Alcoa Premiere William Fortnum Episode: "The Jail"
1963 The Alfred Hitchcock Hour Dr. Don Reed Episode: "Run for Doom"
1964 Destry Harrison Destry 13 episodes
1964 The Virginian Charles Boulanger Episode: "Portrait of a Widow"
1964 Kraft Suspense Theatre Carlos Episode: "A Truce to Terror"
1964 Kraft Suspense Theatre Tom Threepersons Episode: "Threepersons"
1965 The Alfred Hitchcock Hour Johnny Kendall Episode: "Off Season"
1965 Convoy Comdr. Dan Talbot 13 episodes
1970 Cutter's Trail Ben Cutter Television film
1971 The Doris Day Show Dr. Forbes Episode: "Skiing Anyone?"
1973 Mannix Arthur Danford Episode: "The Danford File"
1974 ABC's Wide World of Entertainment Episode: "Hard Day at Blue Nose"
1975 The Lives of Jenny Dolan Officer Television film
1976 Medical Center Lt. Col. Halliday Episode: "Major Annie, MD"
1977 The Love Boat Dan Barton Episode: "Lonely at the Top/Silent Night/Divorce Me, Please"
1978 Fantasy Island Harry Kellino Episode: "Family Reunion/Voodoo"
1978 Doctors' Private Lives Dr. Jeff Latimer Television film
1978 Flying High Sinclair Episode: "South by Southwest"
1978 The New Adventures of Heidi Dan Wyler Television film
1980 Sophia Loren: Her Own Story Cary Grant Television film
1980 Hart to Hart Craig Abernathy Episode: "Murder, Murder on the Wall"
1981 Fantasy Island Jack Foster Episode: "Loving Strangers/Something Borrowed, Something Blue"

Unmade films

Select theatre credits

References

  1. ^ Stars in Blue, referenced below, page 265, states that Gavin's mother married Ray Gavin, who adopted John. The Internet Movie Data Base says that Herald Ray Golenor changed the family name to Gavin. Retrieved February 22, 2014.
  2. ^ a b Wise, James E. & Rehill, Anne Collier. Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services Naval Institute Press, p. 265.
  3. ^ a b c Hopper, Hedda (20 July 1958). "HE NEVER LEFT HOME: Los Angeles Native John Gavin Wanted No Part of Pictures, So Producers Beat a Path to His Door". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. f12.
  4. ^ Richard L. Coe (28 June 1961). "An Artist Is at Work". The Washington Post, Times Herald. p. B10.
  5. ^ a b c Joe Finnigan (20 Nov 1960). "False Rich-Boy Tag Perils Film Career, Gavin Claims". The Washington Post, Times Herald. p. G3.
  6. ^ a b c d e Thomas, Kevin (2 June 1966). "Gavin Gets Down to Business". Los Angeles Times. p. d12.
  7. ^ THOMAS M. PRYOR Special to The New York Times. (17 May 1957). "UNIVERSAL CASTS TWO IN NEW FILM: Jane Powell, George Nader to Appear in 'Female Animal' --Actor Replaces Gavin". New York Times. p. 19.
  8. ^ a b Marian Christy, "Handsome John Gavin", Reading Eagle 29 August 1973, accessed 1 December 2015
  9. ^ Schallert, Edwin (17 July 1957). "John Gavin Wins Plum Remarque Role; Ford to Face 'Doomed World'". Los Angeles Times. p. 23.
  10. ^ a b c d e Tom Donnelly (28 July 1974). "John Gavin: One for the 'Seesaw': John Gavin: One for the 'Seesaw'". The Washington Post. p. L1.
  11. ^ Scheuer, Philip K. (21 July 1957). "A Town Called Hollywood: Remarque Enjoys Adapting Own Novel Into Screenplay". Los Angeles Times. p. E2.
  12. ^ a b THOMAS M. PRYOR (11 Aug 1957). "HOLLYWOOD IDEAS: Newcomers Face Stardom at Universal --'South Pacific' on the Horizon Appraisal "Pacific" Launching Movie Slant". New York Times. p. 89.
  13. ^ Tinee, Mae (19 Jan 1958). "A Sneak Look Via Film Test of New Actor". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. e9.
  14. ^ Hopper, Hedda (16 Apr 1958). "José Ferrer to Produce Broadway Play in Fall". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. a6.
  15. ^ Tinee, Mae (22 June 1958). "Young Film Newcomer Ambitious, but Level Headed: Current War Picture First Starring Role". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. e9.
  16. ^ "Another War, Another New Star". Chicago Daily Tribune. 29 June 1958. p. l10.
  17. ^ TINEE, MAE (4 July 1958). "Movie Version of Book by Remarque Excellent: "A TIME TO LOVE and A TIME TO DIE"". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 14.
  18. ^ Bosley CROWTHER (10 July 1958). "Screen: 'A Time to Love': Remarque Film Opens at Two Theatres". New York Times. p. 22.
  19. ^ Scott, John L (31 July 1958). "'A Time to Love' Is Poignant War Drama". Los Angeles Times. p. B6.
  20. ^ Richard L. Coe (6 Sep 1958). "War Novels Flat on Film". The Washington Post and Times Herald. p. C15.
  21. ^ HOWARD THOMPSON (23 Sep 1959). "MOVIE HOUSE HERE UNDER NEW SET-UP: Rugoff and Becker Chain to Join in Direction of the Paris -- Rights Bought". New York Times. p. 44.
  22. ^ THOMAS M. PRYOR Special to The New York Times. (28 Jan 1959). "MOVIE EXECUTIVE TO MAKE TV FILMS: Mervyn LeRoy Is Planning Series -- A.F.M. Local Head Vows Fight on Rival". New York Times. p. 34.
  23. ^ a b c Scheuer, Philip K (1 Feb 1963). "Gavin Will Embark on Adventurous Life: News From Unsunny Spain; 'Nevada Smith' a Follow-up". p. D9.
  24. ^ a b c Harford, Margaret (13 July 1967). "Gavin Breaks the Mold: GAVIN". Los Angeles Times. p. c1.
  25. ^ a b Hopper, Hedda (25 Sep 1964). "Looking at Hollywood: John Gavin Signs Pact to Do Outside Films, TV". Chicago Tribune. p. c11.
  26. ^ Zylstra, Freida (14 Feb 1964). "Salad Maker Makes Debut in New TV Series Tonight". Chicago Tribune. p. b9.
  27. ^ MacMinn, Aleene (15 Mar 1964). "Gavin's first series". Los Angeles Times. p. E3.
  28. ^ Finnigan, Joseph (31 Dec 1964). "Millions Utilized on Pilots for New Season". Los Angeles Times. p. B15.
  29. ^ Martin, Betty (3 June 1966). "Gavin Signs Universal Pact". Los Angeles Times. p. d12.
  30. ^ Martin, Betty (9 Feb 1968). "MOVIE CALL SHEET: John Gavin Set for Role". Los Angeles Times. p. c15.
  31. ^ Thomas, Kevin (27 Mar 1970). "'Pussycat, Pussycat' Opens Multiple Run". Los Angeles Times. p. f15.
  32. ^ Page, Eleanor (30 Jan 1971). "Paging People: A Stylish Benefit". Chicago Tribune. p. n14.
  33. ^ Evans, Peter (25 July 1971). "Has Time Banked the Fires of Sexy Agent 007?: Banking the Fires of Agent 007". Los Angeles Times. p. s1.
  34. ^ Wood, Thomas (26 Nov 1972). "Movie's: Search Over---Roger Moore the New James Bond The New Bond". Los Angeles Times. p. s32.
  35. ^ "John Gavin biography". Screen Actors Guild. sagaftra.org.
  36. ^ Zyda, Joan (26 Sep 1973). "Dennis Weaver Seeks Actor Guild Presidency: ACTORS GUILD". Los Angeles Times. p. c1.
  37. ^ Gold, Aaron (30 May 1973). "Tower Ticker". Chicago Tribune. p. b2.
  38. ^ Drake, Sylvie (1 Sep 1974). "Will They Love Lucie, Too?: More Stage News More Stage News More Stage News More Stage News More Stage News". Los Angeles Times. p. m31.
  39. ^ Sullivan, Dan (6 Sep 1974). "Local Girl Makes Good in 'Seesaw': LUCIE IN 'SEESAW'". Los Angeles Times. p. f1.
  40. ^ Colander, Pat (9 Aug 1974). "Jerry's Just jake with John". Chicago Tribune. p. b8.
  41. ^ GAVIN AS GRANT: A TEST OF TASTE Mann, Roderick. Los Angeles Times (1923-Current File) [Los Angeles, Calif] 01 July 1980: g1.
  42. ^ Bustamante, Jorge (6 Mar 1981). "Gavin's Selection: a Slap in Mexico's Face". Los Angeles Times. p. c7.
  43. ^ a b Alan C. Miller "Gavin Weighs GOP Bid for U.S. Senate : Politics: The former actor and ambassador meets with leaders who feel the declared candidates can't win." Los Angeles Times 2 August 1991, accessed 30 November 2014
  44. ^ Vernon, Scott (28 Mar 1965). "A Look at John Gavin at Home". Chicago Tribune. p. d9.
  45. ^ February 26, 1968 The Daily Herald from Provo, Utah · Page 17
  46. ^ Profile in People Magazine
  47. ^ Nancy Brooks, "Gavin Leaving Arco to Take Post at Univisa", Los Angeles Times, 28 April 1987 accessed 30 November 2014
  48. ^ "BUSINESS PEOPLE; Gavin Quits ARCO For Univisa Satellite" by Daniel F. Cuff and Stephen Phillips New York Times 28 April 1987, accessed 30 November 2014
  49. ^ John Gavin at Biography.com
  50. ^ John Gavin biography at Americanambassadors.org
  51. ^ Biography at Business Week accessed 30 November 2014
  52. ^ Hopper, Hedda (15 July 1960). "Laurence Olivier Shuns $300,000 to Play Caesar". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. b12.
  53. ^ Sam Staggs, Born to be Hurt: The Untold Story of Imitation of Life, Macmillan, 2009, accessed 29 November 2014
  54. ^ Hopper, Hedda (12 July 1958). "Looking at Hollywood: Ski Murder Film Will Star John Gavin". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 13.
  55. ^ Hopper, Hedda (14 January 1959). "Zugsmith's Next Big Film to Be 'The Unvanquished'". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. b3.
  56. ^ Scheuer,, Philip K (14 August 1959). "John Gavin to Join Wayne in 'Alamo': Sessue Menaces Swiss Family; 'Son of God' at $30 Million?". Los Angeles Times. p. 27.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  57. ^ "Tony Curtis Set for 3 New Films: Robert Mulligan to Direct Star in Two -- 'Rat Race' Editing Is Completed". New York Times. 23 January 1960. p. 15.
  58. ^ Scheuer, Philip K (3 Apr 1962). "'Pawnbroker' Will Be Steiger Vehicle: McGiver Back at Funmaking; Curious Case of Lotte Lenya". Los Angeles Times. p. C9.
  59. ^ EUGENE ARCHER (19 August 1961). "NEW YORK LURES MOVIE PRODUCER: Ross Hunter to Work Here on Films and a Musical". New York Times. p. 10.
  60. ^ Hopper, Hedda (31 August 1962). "Peter Falk, Shelley Winters to Star in 'The Balcony': Actor Turns Down Film with Bardot". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. b8.
  61. ^ HOWARD THOMPSON (13 April 1963). "Titanus Films Denies Reports That Production Is Falling Off". New York Times. p. 10.
  62. ^ Hopper, Hedda (25 September 1964). "Looking at Hollywood: John Gavin Signs Pact to Do Outside Films, TV". Chicago Tribune. p. c11.
  63. ^ "Taylor-Burton Film Fun for Rod Taylor: 'I Remain Healthy,' He Says; Has Nine Pictures Lined Up Hopper, Hedda". Los Angeles Times. 13 February 1963. p. D12.
  64. ^ Scheuer, P. K. (1963, Aug 08). Rita hayworth will return in 'circus'. Los Angeles Times (1923-Current File) Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/168397389
  65. ^ Scheuer, Philip K (17 January 1963). "Revived 'Burlesque' Shows Infirmities: The Gags and the Gals Best Part of UCLA Production". Los Angeles Times. p. C9.
  66. ^ Alpert, Don (5 May 1963). "CYD CHARISSE STRANGE THINGS CAN HAPPEN TO A PRETTY GIRL ACTING OVERSEAS". Los Angeles Times. p. L4.
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Diplomatic posts
Preceded by U.S. Ambassador to Mexico
1981–1986 		Succeeded by
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