List of North Korean missile tests
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There have been a number of North Korean missile tests. North Korea has also fired a number of short-range missiles into the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea), in what have been interpreted as political gestures.[1][2][3][4]
As of 30 November 2017[update], North Korea has carried out 117 tests of strategic missiles since its first such test in 1984.[5] 15 were carried out under the rule of Kim Il-sung and 16 under Kim Jong-il.[6] Under Kim Jong-un, more than 80 tests have been undertaken.[7]
Timeline
Date | Information |
---|---|
1976–81 | North Korea commences its missile development program using Scud-B from the Soviet Union and a launchpad from Egypt.[8] |
1984 | First Scud-B missile test firing.[8] |
1988 | Operational deployment of Scud-B and Scud-C missiles.[8] |
1990 | First Rodong missile test.[8] |
1993 | 1993 North Korean missile test – (May 29/30, 1993) – Nodong |
1998 | North Korea fires off its first ballistic missile, the Unha-1 rocket, also known as the Taepodong-1 missile, from the launch site of Musudan-ri in North Hamgyong Province.[9] |
1999 | North Korea agrees to a moratorium on long-range missile tests.[10] |
2002 | North Korea pledges to extend moratorium on missile tests beyond 2003. |
2004 | North Korea reaffirms moratorium.[11] |
2005 | North Korea fires short-range missile into Sea of Japan.[12] |
July 5, 2006 | 2006 North Korean missile test – Taepodong-2 failed [9] |
April 5, 2009 | Failed orbit of the Kwangmyongsong-2 satellite aboard an Unha-2 carrier rocket |
July 4, 2009 | 2009 North Korean missile test |
April 13, 2012 | Failed launch of the Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 satellite aboard an Unha-3 carrier rocket |
December 12, 2012 | Successful launch of the Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2 satellite aboard a three-stage rocket [9] |
May 18–20, 2013 | 2013 North Korean missile tests (part of 2013 Korean crisis) |
March 2014 | 2014 North Korean missile tests including Nodong, success[13] |
May 9, 2015 | North Korea claims to launch a missile from a submarine [14][9] |
February 7, 2016 | Successful launch of the Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 satellite |
April 9, 2016 | Test of engine designed for an intercontinental ballistic missile [15] |
August 24, 2016 | North Korea claims to launch a Pukkuksong-1[16] missile capable of striking the United States.[17] The missile is a Submarine-launched ballistic missile.[17] |
October 15, 2016 | Failed North Korean ballistic missile launch – [18] |
October 19, 2016 | Failed launch of an intermediate-range missile [19] |
February 11, 2017 | North Korea test-fired a Pukkuksong-2 missile over the Sea of Japan. This was the first launch of the new medium-range ballistic missile .[20][21][9] |
March 6, 2017 | North Korea launches four ballistic missiles from the Tongchang-ri launch site in the northwest.[22] Some flew 620 mi (1,000 km) before falling into the Sea of Japan.[23][9] |
April 4, 2017 | North Korea test-fired a medium-range ballistic missile from its eastern port of Sinpo into the Sea of Japan[24][25][9] |
April 15, 2017 | North Korea test-fired an unidentified land-based missile from the naval base in Sinpo but it exploded almost immediately after the takeoff .[26][27][28][29] |
April 28, 2017 | North Korea test-fired an unidentified missile from Pukchang airfield.[30][31] The missile, believed to be a medium-range[32] KN-17 ballistic missile,[30] faltered and broke apart minutes after liftoff.[32][33][34] |
May 13, 2017 | North Korea test-fired a Hwasong-12[35] missile from a test site in the area of Kusong.[36] The missile, later revealed to be an intermediate range ballistic missile,[37] traveled 30 minutes,[38] reached an altitude of more than 2,111.5 km, and flew a horizontal distance of 789 km (489 miles), before falling into the Sea of Japan.[37] Such a missile would have a range of at least 4,000, reaching Guam, to 6,000 km.[36][35] |
May 21, 2017 | North Korea test-fired another Pukkuksong-2 medium-range ballistic missile from Pukchang airfield,[39][40] which traveled approximately 500 km (300 miles) before falling into the Sea of Japan.[41] The missile landed about 350 km (217 miles) from North Korea's east coast.[41] |
May 29, 2017 | North Korea fired a Short Range Ballistic Missile into the Sea of Japan. It traveled 450 km.[42] |
June 8, 2017 | North Korea fired several missiles into the Sea of Japan. They are believed to be anti-ship missiles.[43] The South Korean military said the launches show the reclusive regime's "precise targeting capability." |
June 23, 2017 | North Korea tested a new rocket engine that could possibly be fitted to an intercontinental ballistic missile.[44] |
July 4, 2017 | North Korea tested its first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) named Hwasong-14 on July 4.[45][46] It launched from the Panghyon Aircraft Factory 8 km southeast of Panghyon Airport.[47] It was aimed straight up at a lofted trajectory and reached more than 2,500 km into space.[48] It landed 37 minutes later,[49] more than 930 km from its launch site,[50] into Japan's exclusive economic zone.[51] Aiming long, the missile would have traveled 7,000–8,000 km or more, reaching Alaska, Hawaii, and maybe Seattle.[49][52][53][54][55] Its operational range would be farther, bringing a 500 kg payload to targets in most of the contiguous United States 9,700 km away.[56][57][58] |
July 28, 2017 | The 14th missile test carried out by North Korea in 2017 was another ICBM launched at 23:41 North Korea time (15:41 GMT) from Chagang Province in the north of the country on July 28, 2017. Los Angeles, Denver, Chicago, Boston, and New York appear to be within range.[59] The missile's reentry vehicle (RV) was seen by people in Japan as it entered the atmosphere and landed near the northernmost Japanese island, Hokkaido.[60][61] Analysis later revealed that the RV broke up on re-entry; further testing would be required.[62] The CIA made an assessment expecting adequate performance of the RV under the different stresses of a shallower trajectory towards the continental US.[63] |
August 26, 2017 | North Korea test-fired three short-range ballistic missiles from the Kangwon province on August 26. Two travel approximately 250 kilometers in a northeastern direction and one explodes immediately after launch.[64] |
August 29, 2017 | On August 29, 2017, at 6 AM local time, North Korea launched a ballistic missile over Northern Japan.[65] The missile's short and low trajectory and its breakup into three pieces is consistent with the failure of a heavy post-boost vehicle.[66] |
September 15, 2017 | North Korea launched a ballistic missile on September 15 from Sunan airfield. It reached a height of 770 km and flew a distance of 3,700 km for 17 minutes over Hokkaido before landing in the Pacific.[67] |
November 28, 2017 | North Korea launched an ICBM from the vicinity of Pyongsong at 1:30pm EST/3:00am Pyongyang time. The rocket traveled for 50 minutes and reached 2800 miles (4,500 km) in height, both of which were new milestones. The missile flew 600 miles (1,000 km) east into the Sea of Japan; unlike summer launches, the Japanese government did not issue cellphone alerts to warn its citizens. North Korea called it a Hwasong-15 missile. Its potential range appears to be more than 8,000 miles (13,000 km), able to reach Washington and the rest of the continental United States.[68][69] Much about the missile is unknown. The missile might have been fitted with a mock warhead to increase its range, in which case the maximum missile range while carrying a heavy warhead might be shorter than 13,000 km. Based on satellite imagery, some experts believe that North Korea may now be able to fuel missiles horizontally, shortening the delay between when a missile becomes visible to when it can be launched.[68] The rocket is believed to have broken up on re-entry into the atmosphere.[70] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/North_Korean_missile_launches_over_Japan.svg/260px-North_Korean_missile_launches_over_Japan.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Trajectory_of_Hwasong-12.svg/260px-Trajectory_of_Hwasong-12.svg.png)
No. | Date | Model | Area flown over | Advance notice | North Korean claim | Satellite name |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | August 31, 1998 | Taepodong-1 | Akita | No | Satellite launch | Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 |
2 | April 5, 2009 | Unha-2 | Akita, Iwate | Yes | Satellite launch | Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 |
3 | December 12, 2012 | Unha-3 | Okinawa | Yes | Satellite launch | Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 |
4 | February 7, 2016 | Kwangmyŏngsŏng (Unha-3) | Okinawa | Yes | Satellite launch | Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 |
5 | August 29, 2017 | Hwasong-12 | Hokkaido | No | Missile launch | N/A |
6 | September 15, 2017 | Hwasong-12 | Hokkaido | No | Missile launch | N/A |
7 | October 4, 2022 | Hwasong-12 (presumed) | Aomori | No |
Events related to missile tests
2016
On February 7, 2016, roughly a month after an alleged hydrogen bomb test, North Korea claimed to have put a satellite into low Earth orbit. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe had warned the North to not launch the rocket, and if it did and the rocket violated Japanese territory, it would be shot down. Nevertheless, North Korea launched the rocket anyway, claiming the satellite was purely intended for peaceful, scientific purposes. Several nations, including the United States, Japan, and South Korea, have criticized the launch, and despite North Korean claims that the rocket was for peaceful purposes, it has been heavily criticized as an attempt to perform an ICBM test under the guise of a peaceful satellite launch. China also criticized the launch, however urged "the relevant parties" to "refrain from taking actions that may further escalate tensions on the Korean peninsula".[71]
While some North Korean pronouncements have been treated with skepticism and ridicule, analysts treated the unusual pace of North Korean rocket and nuclear testing in early 2016 quite seriously. Admiral Bill Gortney, head of the North American Aerospace Defense Command, told Congress in March 2016, "It's the prudent decision on my part to assume that [Kim Jong Un] has the capability to miniaturize a nuclear weapon and put it on an ICBM," suggesting a major shift from a few years earlier.[72]
North Korea appeared to launch a missile test from a submarine on April 23, 2016; while the missile only traveled 30 km, one U.S. analyst noted that "North Korea's sub launch capability has gone from a joke to something very serious".[73] North Korea conducted multiple missile tests in 2016.[74]
2017
On August 29, 2017 United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres has condemned the latest North Korea Ballistic Missile Launch and termed it as violation of relevant UN Security Council resolutions, as According to press reports, early Tuesday morning, the North Korea Ballistic Missile travelled some 2,700 kilometers, flying over Japan before crashing into the Pacific Ocean.[75]
On September 3, 2017, North Korea claimed to have successfully tested a thermonuclear bomb, also known as a hydrogen bomb (see 2017 North Korean nuclear test). Corresponding seismic activity similar to an earthquake of magnitude 6.3 was reported by the USGS making the blast around 10 times more powerful than previous detonations by the country.[76] Later the bomb yield was estimated to be 250 kilotons, based on further study of the seismic data.[77] The test was reported to be "a perfect success".[78]
See also
- North Korea and weapons of mass destruction
- Korean War
- Korean People's Army
- Foreign relations of North Korea
- Kwangmyŏngsŏng program -- This is North Korea's satellite launch program. Which is seen as a covert test of ICBM technology.
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