List of crurotarsan genera
This list of crurotarsans is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the clade Crurotarsi, excluding purely vernacular terms. Under some definitions Crurotarsi includes all archosaurs, but this list excludes archosaur genera that are included in Avemetatarsalia (pterosaurs, nonavian dinosaurs, and birds). The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomen dubium), or were not formally published (nomen nudum), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered crurotarsan. Extinct taxa are denoted with a dagger (†). The list contains 574 names, of which approximately 475 are considered either valid crurotarsan genera or nomina dubia.
Scope and terminology
There is no official, canonical list of crurotarsan genera, but one of the most thorough attempts can be found on the Crurotarsi section of Mikko Haaramo's Phylogeny Archive. That list has been supplemented with the Paleofile listing for Crocodylomorpha.
Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:
- Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
- Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen. In this case, these nomina nuda will be deleted from this list in favor of the published name.
- Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
- Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. This can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation and is to be used cautiously.
A
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- †Acaenasuchus
- †Acherontisuchus
- †Acompsosaurus
- †Acynodon
- †Adamanasuchus
- †Adamantinasuchus
- †Adzhosuchus
- †Aegisuchus
- †Aegyptosuchus
- †Aeolodon — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Aetobarbakinoides
- †Aetosauroides
- †Aetosaurus
- †Agaresuchus
- †Aggiosaurus
- †Aigialosuchus
- †Akanthosuchus
- †Aktiogavialis
- †Albertochampsa
- †Albertosuchus
- †Aldabrachampsus
- Alligator
- †Alligatorellus
- †Alligatorium
- †Allodaposuchus
- †Allognathosuchus
- †Almadasuchus
- †Amargasuchus
- †Amphicotylus
- †Anatosuchus
- †Angistorhinopsis
- †Angistorhinus
- †Anglosuchus
- †Anteophthalmosuchus
- †Anthracosuchus
- †Apatosuchus
- †Aplestosuchus
- †Arambourgia
- †Arambourgisuchus
- †Araripesuchus
- †Archaeosuchus — preoccupied by a synapsid, renamed Protosuchus
- †Arenysuchus
- †Arganarhinus
- †Arganasuchus
- †Argentinosuchus — junior synonym of Stagonolepis
- †Argochampsa
- †Arizonasaurus
- †Armadillosuchus[1]
- Aromosuchus — junior synonym of Paleosuchus
- †Arribasuchus — junior synonym of Machaeroprosopus
- †Artzosuchus
- †Asiatosuchus
- †Atacisaurus — junior synonym of Tomistoma
- †Atlantosuchus
- †Atoposaurus
- †Australosuchus
- †Ayllusuchus
B
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- †Baharijodon
- †Balanerodus
- †Barberenasuchus
- †Barcinosuchus
- †Barinasuchus[2]
- †Baroqueosuchus — junior synonym of Protosuchus
- †Barreirosuchus
- †Baru
- †Baryphracta
- †Basutodon
- †Batrachomimus
- †Batrachotomus
- †Bayomesasuchus
- †Baurusuchus
- †Belodon
- †Bergisuchus
- †Bernissartia
- †Bombifrons — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Borealosuchus
- †Bottosaurus
- †Boverisuchus
- †Brachychampsa
- †Brachygnathosuchus
- †Brachysuchus
- †Brachytaenius — junior synonym of Geosaurus
- †Brachyuranochampsa
- †Brasileosaurus
- †Bretesuchus
- †Brillanceausuchus
- †Brochuchus
- †Bromsgroveia
- †Bystrowisuchus
C
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- †Caimanoidea — junior synonym of Alligator
- †Caimanoideus — lapsus calami of Caimanoidea
- †Caimanoeda — lapsus calami of Caimanoidea
- †Caimanosuchus — junior synonym of Diplocynodon
- Caigator — junior synonym of Alligator
- †Caipirasuchus
- †Calsoyasuchus
- †Calyptosuchus
- †Campinasuchus
- †Candidodon
- †Capellineosuchus — misspelling of Capelliniosuchus
- †Capelliniosuchus — once thought to be a metriorhynchid, now known to be a mosasaur
- †Carandaisuchus
- †Caririsuchus
- †Carnufex
- †Caryonosuchus
- †Centemodon
- †Centenariosuchus
- †Ceratosuchus
- †Cerrejonisuchus
- †Chalawan
- Champsa — referred to both Alligator and Caiman
- †Champse — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Charactosuchus
- †"Chasmatosuchus" — preoccupied by a proterosuchid archosaur, referred to Jaikosuchus
- †Chatterjeea — junior synonym of Shuvosaurus
- †Chenanisuchus
- †Chiayusuchus
- †Chilenosuchus
- †Chimaerasuchus
- †Chrysochampsa
- †Cladeiodon — possible senior synonym of Teratosaurus
- †Clarencea
- †Coahomasuchus
- †Coburgosuchus
- †Coelosuchus
- †Collilongus[3]
- †Colossoemys
- †Comahuesuchus
- †Congosaurus
- †Coringasuchus[4]
- †Cricosaurus
- †Crocodilaemus
- Crocodylus
- †Ctenosauriscus
- Ctenosaurus — preoccupied by extant iguanid, referred to Ctenosauriscus
- †Culebrasuchus
- †"Cunampaia" — a nomen dubium; originally considered a phorusrhacid bird, probably a mesoeucrocodylian
- †Cynodontosuchus
- Cynosuchus — junior synonym of Caiman
- †Cystosaurus
D
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- †Dacosaurus — lapsus calami of Dakosaurus
- †Dagasuchus
- †Dakosaurus
- †Dakotasuchus
- †Dasygnathus — synonym of Ornithosuchus
- †Decuriasuchus
- †Deinosuchus
- †Denazinosuchus
- †Desamatosuchus — lapsus calami of Desmatosuchus
- †Desmatosuchus
- †Dianchungosaurus
- †Diandongosuchus
- †Dianosuchus
- †Dibothrosuchus
- †Dinosuchus
- †Diplocynodon
- †Diplocynodus — junior synonym of Diplocynodon
- †Diplosaurus
- †Dolichobrachium
- †Dolichochampsa
- †Dollosuchoides
- †Dollosuchus
- †Dongusia
- †Dongusuchus
- †Doratodon
- †Doswellia
- †Dromicosuchus
- †Duerosuchus
- †Dyoplax
- †Dyrosaurus
- †Dzungarisuchus
E
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- †"Eleiosuchus" — nomen nudum, referred to Elosuchus
- †Elosuchus
- †Enaliosuchus — junior synonym of Cricosaurus
- †Energosuchus
- †Engyomasaurus — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Entradasuchus
- †Eoalligator
- †Eocaiman
- †Eocenosuchus — junior synonym of Diplocynodon
- †Eogavialis
- †Eoneustes
- †Eopneumatosuchus
- †Eosuchus
- †Eothoracosaurus
- †Episcoposaurus — junior synonym of Typothorax
- †Eremosuchus
- †Eridanosaurus — originally described as a crocodilian, but actually a rhinocerotid[5][6]
- †Erpetosuchus
- †Erythrochampsa
- †Euscolosuchus
- †Euthecodon
- †Eutretauranosuchus
F
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G
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- †Galtonia — probable junior synonym of Revueltosaurus
- †Gasparinisuchus
- †Gavialinum
- Gavialis
- †Gavialosuchus
- †Geosaurus
- †Gilchristosuchus
- †Glaphyrorhynchus — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Globidentosuchus
- †Gnatusuchus
- †Gobiosuchus
- †Gondwanasuchus
- †Goniopholis
- †Gorgetosuchus
- †Gracilineustes
- †Gracilisuchus
- †Gryposuchus
- †Guarinisuchus
H
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- †Hadongsuchus
- †Haematosaurus
- Halcrosia — junior synonym of Osteolaemus
- †Halilimnosaurus — junior synonym of Geosaurus
- †Hallopus
- †Hamadasuchus
- †Harpacochampsa
- †Hassiacosuchus
- †Heliocanthus — possible junior synonym of Rioarribasuchus
- †Helmstedtisuchus — actually a teleost fish
- †Hemiprotosuchus
- †Heptasuchus
- †Hesperogavialis
- †Hesperosuchus
- †Heterodontosuchus
- †Heterosuchus
- †Hispanochampsa
- †Holops — preoccupied by a brachyceran fly, renamed Holopsisuchus
- †Holopsisuchus — junior synonym of Thoracosaurus
- †"Hoplitosaurus" — preoccupied by the ankylosaurian dinosaur Hoplitosaurus; now known as Hoplitosuchus
- †Hoplitosuchus
- †Hoplosuchus
- †Hsisosuchus
- †Hulkepholis
- †Hylaeochampsa
- †Hyposaurus
- †Hypselorhachis
I
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- †Iberosuchus
- †Ichthyosuchus — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Iharkutosuchus
- †Ikanogavialis
- †Ilchunaia
- †Ischyrochampsa
- †Isisfordia
- †Isselosaurus — referred to both Iberosuchus and Tomistoma
- †Itasuchus
J
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- Jacare — junior synonym of Caiman
- Jacaretinga — referred to both Caiman and Paleosuchus
- †Jaikosuchus
- †Junggarsuchus
- †Jushatyria
K
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- †Kambara
- †Kansajsuchus
- †Kaprosuchus
- †Karamuru
- †Karatausuchus
- †Kalthifrons
- †Kayentasuchus
- †Kemkemia
- †Kentisuchus
- †Khoratosuchus
- †Kladeisteriondon — junior synonym of Teratosaurus
- †Krabisuchus
- †Koumpiodontosuchus
- †Kuttanacaiman
- †Kyasuchus
L
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- †Labidiosuchus
- †Laganosuchus
- †Langstonia[2]
- †Lavocatachampsa
- †Leidyosuchus
- †Leiokarinosuchus
- †Leptocranius — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Leptorrhamphus
- †Leptosuchus
- †Lesothosuchus — junior synonym of Protosuchus
- †Lianghusuchus
- †Libycosuchus
- †Limnosaurus
- †Lisboasaurus
- †Listrognathosuchus
- †Litargosuchus
- †Llanosuchus
- †Ltliminosaurus — junior synonym of Geosaurus
- †Lohuecosuchus
- †Lomasuchus
- †Longosuchus
- †Lorosuchus
- †Lotosaurus
- †Lucasuchus
- †Luperosuchus
- †Lusitanisuchus
- †Lythrosaurus — lapsus calami of Lythrosuchus
- †Lythrosuchus — junior synonym of Poposaurus
M
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- †Macelognathus
- †Machaeroprosopus
- †Machimosaurus
- †Macrospondylus — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Macrorhynchus — junior synonym of Pholidosaurus
- †Mahajangasuchus
- †Malawisuchus
- †Maledictosuchus
- †"Mandasuchus" — nomen nudum, probable synonym of Ticinosuchus
- †Manracosuchus — probable junior synonym of Allognathosuchus
- †Mariliasuchus
- †Marmosaurus
- †Maroccosuchus
- †Massaliasuchus
- Mecistops
- †Megadontosuchus
- †"Megalosaurus"
- †Mekosuchus
- Melanosuchus
- †Melitosaurus — junior synonym of Tomistoma
- †Menatalligator
- †Meridiosaurus
- †Mesorhinosuchus
- †"Mesorhinus" — preoccupied by the macraucheniid mammal Mesorhinus; now known as Mesorhinosuchus
- †Metiorychus — lapsus calami of Metriorhynchus
- †Metriorhynchus
- †Metriorrhynchus — lapsus calami of Metriorhynchus
- †Miadanasuchus
- †Microchampsa
- †Microsaurus — lapsus calami of Microsuchus
- †Microsuchus
- Molinia — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Montealtosuchus
- †Montsecosuchus
- †Morrinhosuchus
- †Mosellaesaurus — junior synonym of Pelagosaurus
- †Motinia — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Mourasuchus
- †Musturzabalsuchus
- †Mycterosuchus — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Mystriosaurus — junior synonym of Steneosaurus
- †Mystriosuchus
N
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- †Nannosuchus
- †"Narynsuchus"
- †Navahosuchus — probable lapsus calami of Navajosuchus
- †Navajosuchus
- †Necrosuchus
- †Neoaetosauroides
- †Neptunidraco
- †Nettosuchus — junior synonym of Mourasuchus
- †Neustosaurus — possible senior synonym of Cricosaurus
- †Neuquensuchus
- †Nicrosaurus
- †Nominosuchus
- †Nordenosaurus
- †Nothochampsa — lapsus calami of Notochampsa
- †Notocaiman
- †Notochampsa
O
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- †Oceanosuchus
- †Ocepesuchus
- Oopholis — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Ornithosuchus
- †Orthogenysuchus
- †Orthosuchus
- Osteoblepharon — junior synonym of Osteolaemus
P
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- †Pabwehshi
- †Pachycheilosuchus
- †Pachysuchus — currently considered to be a sauropodomorph dinosaur[7]
- †Pakasuchus
- †Paleorhinus
- †"Paleosaurus"
- Paleosuchus
- Palinia — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Pallimnarchus
- †Paluxysuchus
- †Paralligator — junior synonym of Shamosuchus
- †Parasuchus
- †Paratomistoma
- †Paratypothorax
- †Parringtonia
- †Parrishia
- †Parussaurus — lapsus calami of Purussaurus
- †Patagosuchus
- †Pedeticosaurus
- †Pehuenchesuchus
- †Peipehsuchus
- †Peirosaurus
- †Pekinosaurus — probable junior synonym of Revueltosaurus
- †Pelagosaurus
- †Pelagosuchus — probable lapsus calami of Pelagosaurus
- †Penghusuchus
- †Pepesuchus
- Perosuchus — junior synonym of Caiman
- †Petrosuchus — chimera of material from Goniopholis simus (lower jaw) and Pholidosaurus purbeckensis (cranium)[8]
- Philas — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Phobosuchus — junior synonym of Deinosuchus
- †Pholidosaurus
- †Phosphatosaurus
- †Phyllodontosuchus
- †Phytosaurus
- †Pietraroiasuchus
- †Pinacosuchus
- †Piscogavialis
- †Pissarrachampsa
- †Planocrania
- †Platyognathus
- †Platysuchus
- †Plerodon — junior synonym of Diplocynodon
- †Plesiosuchus
- †Pliogonodon — possible synonym of Deinosuchus
- †Polesinesuchus
- †Polonosuchus
- †Polydectes — synonym of Deinosuchus
- †Poposaurus
- †Postosuchus
- †Pravusuchus
- †Prestosuchus
- †Pristichampsus
- †Procaimanoidea
- †Procerosuchus
- †Prodiplocynodon
- †Promystriosuchus
- †Protoalligator
- †Protome
- †Protosuchus
- †Pseudhesperosuchus
- †Pseudopalatus — junior synonym of Machaeroprosopus
- †Pterosuchus[9] — lapsus calami of Petrosuchus
- †Purranisaurus
- †Purussaurus
- Pyrenodon — junior synonym of Tomistoma
Q
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R
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- †Rauisuchus
- †Redondasaurus
- †Redondasuchus
- †Redondavenator
- †Revueltosaurus
- †Rhabdognathus
- †Rhabdosaurus — junior synonym of Rhabdognathus
- †Rhacheosaurus
- †Rhadinosaurus — possible junior synonym of Doratodon
- †Rhamphosuchus
- Rhynchosuchus — junior synonym of Tomistoma
- †Rileyasuchus
- †Rimasuchus
- †Rioarribasuchus — possible junior synonym of Heliocanthus
- †Riojasuchus
- †Rugosuchus
- †Rukwasuchus
S
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- †Sabinosuchus
- †Sabresuchus
- †Sahitisuchus
- †Saltoposuchus
- †Sajkanosuchus
- †Sarcosuchus
- †Saurocainus — junior synonym of Diplocynodon
- †Saurosuchus
- †Scutarx
- †Scythosuchus
- †Sebecus
- †Sebecosuchus — lapsus calami of Sebecus[2]
- †Shamosuchus
- †Shantungosuchus
- †Shartegosuchus
- †Shuvosaurus
- †Siamosuchus
- †Sichuanosuchus
- †Sierritasuchus
- †Sillosuchus
- †Simosuchus
- †Simptosuchus — lapsus calami of Symptosuchus
- †Sinosaurus — currently considered to be a theropod dinosaur
- †Siquisiquesuchus
- †Smilodon — preoccupied by a saber-tooth cat, referred to Zanclodon
- †Smilosuchus
- †Smok — a possible rauisuchian
- †Sokotosaurus — junior synonym of Hyposaurus
- †Sokotosuchus
- †Sphagesaurus
- †Sphenosuchus
- †Spinosuchus
- †Spondylosoma
- †Stagonolepis
- †Stagonosuchus
- †Stangerochampsa
- †Stegomosuchus
- †Stegomus
- †Steneosaurus
- †Stenomyti
- †Stenosaurus — referred by the author of the description to Cricosaurus
- †Stolokrosuchus
- †Stomatosuchus
- †Stratiosuchus — lapsus calami of Stratiotosuchus
- †Stratiotosuchus
- †Strigosuchus
- †Stromerosuchus
- †Suchodus
- †Suchosaurus — probably at least in part a spinosaurid dinosaur
- †Sulcusuchus — first described as a dyrosaurid, reidentified as a polycotylid plesiosaur
- †Sunosuchus
- †Susisuchus
- †Symptosuchus
T
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- †Tadzhikosuchus
- †Tagarosuchus
- †Tarjadia
- †Tecovasuchus
- †Teleidosaurus
- †"Teleocrater"
- †Teleorhinus — junior synonym of Terminonaris
- †Teleosaurus
- †Temsacus — junior synonym of Crocodylus
- †Teratosaurus
- †Terminonaris
- †Terrestrisuchus
- †Thecachampsa
- †Thecachampsoides — junior synonym of Eosuchus
- †Theriosuchus
- †Thoracosaurus
- †Ticinosuchus
- †Tienosuchus
- †Tikisuchus
- †Tilemsisuchus
- Tomistoma
- †Torvoneustes
- †Toyotamaphimeia
- †Trematochampsa
- †Trialestes
- †Trilophosuchus
- †Tsoabichi
- †Tsylmosuchus
- †Turanosuchus
- †Typothorax
- †Tyrannoneustes
- †Tzaganosuchus
U
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V
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W
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- †Wannaganosuchus
- †Wannchampsus
- †Wanosuchus
- †Wargosuchus
- †Weigeltisuchus — junior synonym of Pristichampsus
- †Woodbinesuchus
- †Wurnosaurus — junior synonym of Hyposaurus
X
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- †Xenosuchus — junior synonym of Caiman
- †Xilousuchus
Y
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Z
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- †Zanclodon — in part referred to Megalosaurus
- †Zaraasuchus
References
- ^ Marinho, Thiago S.; Carvalho, Ismar S. (2009). "An armadillo-like sphagesaurid crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 27 (1): 36–41. Bibcode:2009JSAES..27...36M. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2008.11.005.
- ^ a b c d Paolillo, Alfredo; Linares, Omar J. (2007). "Nuevos cocodrilos Sebecosuchia del Cenozoico Suramericano (Mesosuchia: Crocodylia)" (PDF). Paleobiologia Neotropical (in Spanish). 3: 1–25. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
- ^ Magdalena Borsuk−Białynicka; and Andriej G. Sennikov (2009). "Archosauriform postcranial remains from the Early Triassic karst deposits of southern Poland" (PDF). Paleontologica Polonica. 65: 283–328.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Kellner, A.W.A. (2009). "A new crocodyliform from the Alcântara Formation (Cenomanian),Cajual Island, Brazil". Zootaxa. 2030: 49–58.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Delfino, M. 2000. Coccodrilli italiani. Page 12 in Barbieri, F., Bernini, F., and Fasola, M., editors. Societas Herpetologica Italica, 3° Congresso Nazionale. Riassunti. Centro Stampa del Comune di Pavia. Abstract. [Italian]
- ^ Delfino, M. 2001. The fossil record of the Italian Crocodylomorpha. 6th European Workshop on Vertebrate Palaeontology, Florence-Montevarchi, Italy, September 19-22 2001:28. Abstract. [Italian]
- ^ Paul M. Barrett and Xu Xing (2012). "The enigmatic reptile Pachysuchus imperfectus Young, 1951 from the Lower Lufeng Formation (Lower Jurassic) of Yunnan, China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 50 (2): 151–159.
- ^ Salisbury, Steven W. (2002). "Crocodilians from the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian) Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, southern England". Life and environment in Purbeck times. Special papers in palaeontology. Vol. 68. London: The Palaeontological Association. p. 131. ISBN 0-901702-73-0.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|editors=ignored (|editor=suggested) (help) - ^ Williston, S. S. (1906). "American amphicelian crocodiles". Journal of Geology. 14 (1): 1–17. Bibcode:1906JG.....14....1W. doi:10.1086/621270.