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List of shipwrecks in April 1865

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The list of shipwrecks in April 1865 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during April 1865.


April 1865
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 Unknown date

1 April

List of shipwrecks: 1 April 1865
Ship State Description
Bertrand  United States Carrying a cargo of agricultural goods, clothes, food, machinery, mercury, mining supplies, whiskey, and Union Army howitzer ammunition to mining districts in Montana Territory, the 251-ton sidewheel paddle steamer sank in 8 feet (2.4 meters) of water five to ten minutes after striking a snag in the Desoto Bend of the Missouri River at 41°31′24″N 96°1′44″W / 41.52333°N 96.02889°W / 41.52333; -96.02889 (Bertrand (steamboat)), near what is now Blair, Nebraska.[1]
USS Rodolph  United States Navy
Illustration of USS Rodolph striking the mine.
American Civil War, Union blockade: While operating as a minesweeper, the tinclad sternwheel paddle steamer struck a Confederate mine in the Blakeley River in Alabama and sank with the loss of four crewmen killed and 11 injured.[2]

3 April

List of shipwrecks: 3 April 1865
Ship State Description
CSS Beaufort  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The armed tug was scuttled in the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[3]
Edward Cary  United States American Civil War: The whaler, a full-rigged ship, was burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ( Confederate States Navy). Shenandoah had captured her at Lea Harbor on 1 April.[4][5][4][5][6]
CSS Fredericksburg  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The ironclad warship was burned and scuttled in the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][7]
CSS Hampton  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The screw gunboat was burned in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][8]
Harvest  United States American Civil War: The whaler, a bark, was captured, run aground, and burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ( Confederate States Navy).[4][5][6]
Hector  United States American Civil War: The whaler, a full-rigged ship, was captured, run onto a reef, and burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ( Confederate States Navy).[4][5][6]
CSS Nansemond  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The gunboat was burned and scuttled in the James River at Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][9]
CSS Patrick Henry  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The sidewheel paddle steamer, schoolship of the Confederate States Naval Academy ( Confederate States Navy) was burned at Rocketts Navy Yard in Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][10]
Pearl  United States American Civil War: The whaler, a bark, was captured, run aground, stripped, and burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ( Confederate States Navy).[4][5][6]
CSS Richmond  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The ironclad ram was burned and scuttled in the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][11]
CSS Roanoke  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The gunboat was burned in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][11]
CSS Shrapnel  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The torpedo boat was burned in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][12]
CSS Torpedo  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The torpedo boat tender, a screw steamer, was partially burned and sunk in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces. She was refloated by Union forces in May.[2][13][14]
CSS Virginia II  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The ironclad warship was burned and scuttled on the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces. The fire caused her ammunition magazine to explode.[2][15]

4 April

List of shipwrecks: 4 April 1865
Ship State Description
Seaboard  Confederate States of America American Civil War: Captured by Union Army troops and the armed tug USS Lilac ( United States Navy) at Upper Tree Hill Bridge on the James River below Richmond, Virginia, the tug struck a snag on the James at Drewry's Bluff and was run aground. She later was refloated.[12]

5 April

List of shipwrecks: 5 April 1865
Ship State Description
Mystic  United States American Civil War: The 154-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was captured and burned on the Neuse River in North Carolina by troops of the 67th North Carolina Regiment ( Confederate States Army).[16]
Unidentified transport  United States American Civil War: The transport, carrying a cargo of commissary stores, was captured and burned on the Neuse River in North Carolina near Cowpen Landing by troops of the 67th North Carolina Regiment ( Confederate States Army).[17]

7 April

List of shipwrecks: 7 April 1865
Ship State Description
Minquas (or Minquass)  United States American Civil War: The 160-ton sidehweel paddle steamer and two barges carrying quartermaster and commissary supplies she was towing were captured and burned on the Neuse River in North Carolina by troops of the 67th North Carolina Regiment ( Confederate States Army).[18]
Unidentified ironclad  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The incomplete ironclad warship was destroyed by Confederate forces while still on the building ways at Edwards Ferry in North Carolina.[19]

8 April

List of shipwrecks: 8 April 1865
Ship State Description
Unidentified floating battery  Confederate States Navy American Civil War: The floating battery was sunk in shallow water by a drifting Confederate mine while anchored in the Roanoke River 8 miles (13 km) above Plymouth, North Carolina, then was burned by a launch from the gunboat USS Iosco ( United States Navy) and a cutter from the gunboat USS Mattabesett ( United States Navy).[19]

11 April

List of shipwrecks: 11 April 1865
Ship State Description
Annie  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The sloop, carrying a cargo of cotton, was captured in the Gulf of Mexico off the Crystal River in Florida by the schooner USS Sea Bird ( United States Navy) and subsequently destroyed.[2]
Florida  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The sloop, carrying a cargo of cotton, was captured and scuttled in the Gulf of Mexico off the Crystal River in Florida by the schooner USS Sea Bird ( United States Navy) and subsequently destroyed.[2][20]

12 April

13 April

List of shipwrecks: 13 April 1865
Ship State Description
USS Ida  United States Navy American Civil War: The screw steamer sank in Mobile Bay off the coast of Alabama after striking a Confederate mine.[2]

14 April

List of shipwrecks: 14 April 1865
Ship State Description
Augusta  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: Carrying a cargo of coffee and bacon, the steamer was captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ( Union Army). She was taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[22]
Henry J. King  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: The steamer was captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ( Union Army) . She was taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[23]
Milliner  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: The steamer was captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ( Union Army). She was taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[24]
USS Sciota  United States Navy American Civil War: The gunboat sank in Mobile Bay off Mobile, Alabama, after striking a Confederate mine.[2] Her wreck was raised and sold later in 1865.
Two unidentified steamboats  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: The steamboats, carrying cargoes of cotton, corn, and commissary stores, were captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ( Union Army). They were taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[25]

16 April

List of shipwrecks: 16 April 1865
Ship State Description
Ellwood  United States The 171-ton sidewheel paddle steamer burned on the Hatchie River in Tennessee.[26]

17 April

List of shipwrecks: 17 April 1865
Ship State Description
CSS Chattahoochee  Confederate States Navy
Stern section of the wreck of CSS Chattahoochee after salvage, ca. 1965.
American Civil War, Battle of Columbus: The screw gunboat was scuttled in the Chattahoochee River at Columbus, Georgia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.
CSS Jackson  Confederate States Navy American Civil War, Battle of Columbus: The ironclad ram, captured by Union Army ( United States) cavalry forces the previous day, was burned and sunk in the Chattahoochee River between Columbus, Georgia, and Girard, Alabama, to prevent Confederate forces from recapturing her.

19 April

List of shipwrecks: 19 April 1865
Ship State Description
Denbigh  Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The blockade runner ran aground on the bar at Galveston, Texas, while trying to put to sea. She was refloated and continued her voyage after her crew threw 200 bales of cotton overboard.[2]
Lady Jane  United States The 40-ton steamer struck a bridge on the Mississippi River at Rock Island, Illinois, and sank with the loss of one life.[27]

22 April

List of shipwrecks: 22 April 1865
Ship State Description
USS Black Hawk  United States Navy
USS Black Hawk burns.
American Civil War: The armed sidewheel paddle steamer was destroyed by an accidental fire and ammunition magazine explosion and sank on the Ohio River three miles (4.8 km) above Cairo, Illinois, with the loss of four lives. The gunboat USS Tempest ( United States Navy) rescued most or all of her survivors. Black Hawk was refloated in 1867 and sold for scrap.[28]

24 April

List of shipwrecks: 24 April 1865
Ship State Description
Black Diamond United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 100-ton brigantine was wrecked at New Plymouth, where she had travelled with a load of timber from Havelock. She drifted ashore and holed, sinking with most of her cargo. All hands were saved.[29]
USS O. M. Pettit  United States Navy American Civil War: The sidewheel tug sank in the Savannah River near Hammond, Georgia. She was refloated, repaired, and returned to service.[30]
CSS Webb  Confederate States Navy
Illustration of CSS Webb burning.
American Civil War, Union blockade: The ram was run aground and burned by her crew on the Mississippi River 25 miles (40 km) below New Orleans, Louisiana, to prevent her capture by Union forces.

27 April

List of shipwrecks: 27 April 1865
Ship State Description
Sultana  United States
Illustration of Sultana burning from Harper's Weekly, May 20, 1865.

The sidewheel paddle steamer was destroyed on the Mississippi River 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Memphis, Tennessee, by a boiler explosion and fire. Estimates of the number of dead range from 1,100 to 1,547, with the most recent evidence indicating that 1,196 passengers and crew lost their lives. One estimate places the number of survivors as low as 931, although the most recent estimate is that 959 survived.

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date April 1865
Ship State Description
Alpha United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The cutter went ashore at Patea and became wrecked.[29]
Clara Poe  United States American Civil War: The 208-ton sternwheel paddle steamer was burned by Confederate forces on the Cumberland River at Eddyville, Kentucky, on 15 or 17 April.[31]
General Whiting  United States American Civil War: The 816-gross ton steamer′s hull was recovered near Wilmington, North Carolina, and was discovered to have had its midships section burned and its machinery stripped.[32]
Harriet DeFord  United States American Civil War: Captured by Confederate guerrillas in the Chesapeake Bay off Fairhaven, Maryland, on 4 April during a voyage from Patuxent to Baltimore, Maryland, the 149-ton screw steamer was burned to the waterline in Virginia on the Rappahannock River at Dimer's Creek on 5 or 7 April.[2][8]
USS Rose  United States Navy The 96-ton armed tug, a screw steamer, was sunk by a Confederate mine in Mobile Bay, Alabama, with the loss of two killed and three wounded. She was refloated, repaired, and returned to service.[33]
St. Paul  United States American Civil War: The steamer was burned on the Hatchie River in Tennessee by Confederate guerrillas who had captured her on 16 April, killing one of her deckhands in the process.[34]
Scillonian United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The schooner went ashore and was wrecked at Waitotara while en route from Wellington to Patea.[35]

References

Notes

  1. ^ Gaines, pp. 105-106.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p usnlp.org Navy Chronology of the Civil War, January-April 1865
  3. ^ Gaines, pp. 175-176.
  4. ^ a b c d e Ahoy - Mac's Web Log "Marauders of the Sea, Confederate Merchant Raiders During the American Civil War: CSS Shenandoah. 1864-1865. Captain James I. Waddell"
  5. ^ a b c d e Project Muse: Appendix. List of Prizes Taken by the CSS Shenandoah. Kept by Lt. William C. Whittle, Jr.
  6. ^ a b c d Gaines, p. 139.
  7. ^ Gaines, pp. 180-181.
  8. ^ a b Gaines, p. 182.
  9. ^ Gaines, p. 185.
  10. ^ Gaines, p. 186.
  11. ^ a b Gaines, p. 187.
  12. ^ a b Gaines, p. 188.
  13. ^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Torpedo
  14. ^ Gaines, p. 189.
  15. ^ Gaines, p. 190.
  16. ^ Gaines, p. 124.
  17. ^ Gaines, p. 133.
  18. ^ Gaines, p. 123.
  19. ^ a b Gaines, p. 132.
  20. ^ Gaines, p. 40.
  21. ^ Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Tuscaloosa
  22. ^ Gaines, p. 1.
  23. ^ Gaines, p. 3.
  24. ^ Gaines, p. 4.
  25. ^ Gaines, p. 8.
  26. ^ Gaines, p. 160.
  27. ^ Gaines, p. 98.
  28. ^ Gaines, p. 134.
  29. ^ a b Ingram & Wheatley, p. 110.
  30. ^ Gaines, p. 49.
  31. ^ Gaines, p. 54.
  32. ^ Gaines, p. 120.
  33. ^ Gaines, p. 6.
  34. ^ Gaines, p. 162.
  35. ^ Ingram & Wheatley, p. 109.

Bibliography


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