List of state leaders in 1831

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1831.

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Osei Yaw Akoto, Asantehene (1824–1834)
• Basutoland – Paramount chief Moshoeshoe I (1822–1870)
• Kingdom of Buganda – Kamaanya (1814–1836)
• Bunyoro – Nyamutukura Kyebambe III, Omukama of Bunyoro (1786–1835)
• Kingdom of Burundi – Ntare IV Rugamba (1796–1852)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Gézo (1818–1856)
• Kingdom of Madagascar – Ranavalona I Rabodoandrianampoinimerina (1828–1861)
• Mohéli - Abderremane, Sultan of Mohéli (1830-1842)
• Sultanate of Ndzuwani – Abdallah bin Alawi (1816–1832)
• Kingdom of Rwanda – Mutara II Rwogera (1830–1853)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph – Muhammed Bello (1814–1837)
  • Grand Vizier - Gidago dan Laima (1817–1842)
• Swaziland – Paramount chief Ngwane IV (1815–1836)
• Zulu – Dingane kaSenzangakhona, King of the Zulu (1828–1840)

Americas

• Empire of Brazil –
  1. Pedro I (1822–1831)
  2. Pedro II (1831–1889)
  • The Emperor was a minor; regencies:
    1. Provisional Triumviral Regency: José Joaquim Carneiro de Campos, Viscount and Marquis of Caravelas, Nicolau Pereira de Campos Vergueiro, and Francisco de Lima e Silva, Baron of Barra Grande (April–June 1831)
    2. Permanent Triumviral Regency: Francisco de Lima e Silva, Baron of Barra Grande, José da Costa Carvalho, Marquis of Monte Alegre, and João Bráulio Muniz (June 1831 – 1835)
• Federal Republic of Central America – Francisco Morazán, President of Central America (1830–1839)
  • Costa Rica – Juan Mora Fernández, Head of State of Costa Rica (1825–1833)
• Mexico - Anastasio Bustamante, President of Mexico (1830–1832)
• United States - Andrew Jackson, President of the United States (1829–1837)
• Uruguay – Fructuoso Rivera, President of Uruguay (1830–1834)

Asia

• Afghanistan – Dost Mohammad Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1826–1839)
• China (Qing dynasty) - Daoguang Emperor (1821–1850)
• Empire of Japan
  • Monarch – Ninkō (1817–1846)
  • Tokugawa shogunate – Tokugawa Ienari (1786–1837)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom - Shō Iku (1829–1847)
• Joseon (Korea) – Sunjo (1800–1834)

Europe

• Principality of Abkhazia – Mikhail (1822–1864)
• Andorra –
  • Simó Rojas de Guardiola i Hortoneda, Bishop of Urgell (1828–1851)
  • Louis-Philippe I of France (1830–1848)
• Austrian Empire – Francis I (1792–1835)
  • Chancellor - Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Chancellor of Austria (1821–1848)
• Kingdom of Bavaria – Ludwig I (1825–1848)
  • President of the Council of Ministers – Baron Zentner, (1825–1832)
• Belgium
  • Heads of state -
    1. Administrative Commission of Belgium (1830–1831)
    2. Érasme Louis, Baron Surlet de Chokier, Regent of Belgium (1831)
    3. Léopold I, King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
  • Cabinet Chief -
    1. Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella (1831,1831, 1832)
    2. Étienne Constantin de Gerlache (1831)
    3. Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella (1831,1831, 1832)
    4. Étienne Noël Joseph, chevalier de Sauvage (1831)
    5. Charles Marie de Brouckère (1831,1832)
    6. Felix de Muelenaere (1831–1832)
• Kingdom of Denmark
  • Monarch – Frederick VI (1808–1839)
  • Minister of State - Otto Joachim Moltke (1824–1842)
• Kingdom of France –
  • Monarch – Louis Philippe (1830–1848)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jacques Laffitte (1830–1831)
    2. Casimir Périer (1831–1832)
• Greece –

1. Ioannis Kapodistrias, Governor of Greece (1827–1831)
2. Augustinos Kapodistrias, Governor of Greece (1831–1832)

• Hamburg – Johann Heinrich Bartels, head of state, Burgomaster in chief of Hamburg (1820–1850)
• Kingdom of Hanover – William (1830–1837)
• Principality of Liechtenstein – Johann Josef I (1805–1836)
• Grand Duchy of Luxembourg – William I (1815–1840)
• United Kingdom of the Netherlands – William I (1815–1840)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan - Mahmud II (1808–1839)
  • Grand Vizier – Reşid Mehmed Pasha (1829–1833)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Miguel (1828–1834)
• Kingdom of Prussia –
  • Monarch – Friedrich Wilhelm III (1797–1840)
  • Chief Minister - Carl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von Wylich und Lottum (1823–1841)
• Russian Empire – Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia (1825–1855)
• Kingdom of Saxony – Anthony Clement (1827–1836)
• Kingdom of Spain – Ferdinand VII (1808, 1814–1833)
• Kingdom of Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Charles XIV John (1818–1844)
• Grand Duchy of Tuscany – Leopold II (1824–1859)
• Kingdom of the Two Sicilies – Ferdinand II (1830–1859)
• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
  • Monarch – William IV (1830–1837)
  • Prime Minister - Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (1830–1834)
• Kingdom of Württemberg – William (1816–1864)

Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi –
  • Co-Shaikh – Shakhbut bin Dhiyab, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1818–1833)
  • Co-Shaikh – Tahnun bin Shakhbut, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1818–1833)
• Ajman – Rashid bin Humayd, Shaikh of Ajman (1816–1838)
• Egypt Eyalet – Muhammad Ali Pasha, Governor of Egypt (1805–1848)
• Kuwait – Sheikh Jabir ibn Abdullah Al Sabah (1814–1859)
• Sultanate of Morocco – Abd al-Rahman (1822–1859)
• Sultanate of Oman – Sa'id II ibn Sultan (1804–1856)

• Persia (Qajar dynasty) – Fat′h Ali Shah Qajar (1797–1834)

Oceania

• Tonga – Aleamotuʻa, Tu'i Kanokupolu (1827–1845)