Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district

Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district
Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district
	Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Representative	Jim McGovern; D–Worcester
Ethnicity	76.19% White; 9.99% Hispanic; 5.52% Asian; 5.20% Black; 2.90% other; 0.20% Native American;
Cook PVI	D+9

Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district is located in central Massachusetts. It contains the cities of Worcester, which is the second-largest city in New England after Boston, and Northampton in the Pioneer Valley. It is represented by Democrat Jim McGovern.

The shape of the district was changed for the elections of 2012, after Massachusetts congressional redistricting to reflect the 2010 census.^[2] The new district covers central Massachusetts, including much of Worcester County, and is largely the successor to the old 3rd District. Most of the old 2nd district, including Springfield, has been moved into the new 1st district.

Locations

Cities and towns currently in the district

In Franklin County: Deerfield, Erving, Gill, Greenfield, Leverett, Montague, New Salem, Northfield, Orange, Shutesbury, Sunderland, Warwick, Wendell, and Whately.

In Hampden County: Precinct 1A in Palmer

In Hampshire County: Amherst, Belchertown, Hadley, Hatfield, Northampton, Pelham, and Ware.

In Norfolk County: Precincts 4A and 5 in Bellingham

In Worcester County: Athol, Auburn, Barre, Blackstone, Boylston, Douglas, Grafton, Hardwick, Holden, Hubbardston, Leicester, Leominster, Mendon, Millbury, Millville, New Braintree, North Brookfield, Northborough, Northbridge, Oakham, Oxford, Paxton, Petersham, Phillipston, Princeton, Royalston, Rutland, Shrewsbury, Spencer, Sterling, Sutton, Templeton, Upton, Uxbridge, Webster, West Boylston, West Brookfield, Westborough, Worcester, and Precinct 1 in Winchendon.

Cities and towns previously in the district

1795 to 1803

Known as the 2nd Western District.^[3]

1803 to 1813

Known as the "Essex North" district.^[3]

1813 to 1833

Known as the "Essex South" district.^[3]

1843 to 1853

The Act of September 16, 1842 established the district on the North Shore and New Hampshire border, with the following municipalities:^[4]

In Essex County: Beverly, Danvers, Essex, Gloucester, Hamilton, Ipswich, Lynn, Lynnfield, Manchester, Marblehead, Middleton, Rockport, Salem, Saugus, Topsfield, and Wenham

In Middlesex County: Malden, Medford, Reading, South Reading, and Stoneham

In Suffolk County: Chelsea

1860s

"Parts of the counties of Bristol, Norfolk, and Plymouth."^[5]

1870s-1900s

1903 to 1913

During this decade, the district contained the following municipalities:^[6]

In Franklin County: Erving, Leverett, Montague, New Salem, Northfield, Orange, Shutesbury, Sunderland, Warwick, and Wendell.

In Hampshire County: Amherst, Belchertown, Easthampton, Enfield, Granby, Hadley, Northampton, Pelham, Prescott, South Hadley, and Ware.

In Hampden County: Brimfield, Chicopee, East Longmeadow, Hampden, Holland, Longmeadow, Ludlow, Monson, Palmer, Springfield, Wales, and Wilbraham.

In Worcester County: Athol, Barre, Brookfield, Dana, Hardwick, New Braintree, North Brookfield, Oakham, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston, Warren, and West Brookfield.

1913 to 1923

During this decade, the district contained the following municipalities:^[7]

In Franklin County: Bernardston, Deerfield, Erving, Gill, Leverett, Montague, Northfield, Shutesbury, Sunderland, Warwick, Wendell, and Whately.

In Hampshire County: Amherst, Belchertown, Easthampton, Enfield, Granby, Hadley, Hatfield, Northampton, Pelham, South Hadley, Ware, and Williamsburg.

In Hampden County: Agawam, Chicopee, East Longmeadow, Hampden, Longmeadow, Ludlow, Springfield, West Springfield, and Wilbraham.

1920s-2002

2003 to 2013

During this decade, the district contained the following municipalities:

In Hampden County: Agawam, Brimfield, Chicopee, East Longmeadow, Hampden, Holland, Longmeadow, Ludlow, Monson, Palmer, Springfield, Wales, Wilbraham.

In Hampshire County: Hadley, Northampton, South Hadley.

In Norfolk County: Bellingham.

In Worcester County: Blackstone, Brookfield, Charlton, Douglas, Dudley, East Brookfield, Grafton, Hopedale, Leicester, Mendon, Milford, Millbury, Millville, North Brookfield, Northbridge, Oxford, Southbridge, Spencer, Sturbridge, Sutton, Upton, Uxbridge, Warren, Webster.

List of representatives

Representative	Party		Years	Electoral history
Benjamin Goodhue	style=background:Template:Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Pro- Administration	March 4, 1789 – March 3, 1793	First elected on the second ballot January 29, 1789. Re-elected October 4, 1790. Redistricted to 1st district.
Dwight Foster	style=background:Template:Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Pro- Administration	General ticket: March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1795	Elected on the third ballot April 1, 1793 as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district at-large. Redistricted to 4th district.
Theodore Sedgwick	style=background:Template:Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Pro- Administration		Redistricted from 4th district and elected here November 2, 1792, as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district from Berkshire County. Redistricted to 1st district.
Artemas Ward	style=background:Template:Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Pro- Administration		Redistricted from 7th district and elected here November 2, 1792, as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district from Worcester County. [data missing]
William Lyman	style=background:Template:Anti-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Anti- Administration		First elected on the third ballot April 1, 1793 as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district from Hampshire County. Re-elected November 3, 1794, as the sole representative from the district. [data missing]
William Lyman	style=background:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color \|	Democratic- Republican	March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1797
William Shepard	style=background:Template:Federalist Party/meta/color \|	Federalist	March 4, 1797 – March 3, 1803	First elected on the second ballot January 16, 1797. Re-elected in 1798. Re-elected in 1800. Retired.
Jacob Crowninshield	style=background:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color \|	Democratic- Republican	March 4, 1803 – April 15, 1808	First elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Re-elected in 1806. Died.
Vacant			April 15, 1808 – May 24, 1808
Joseph Story	style=background:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color \|	Democratic- Republican	May 23, 1808 – March 3, 1809	Elected to finish Crowninshield's term [data missing]
Benjamin Pickman, Jr.	style=background:Template:Federalist Party/meta/color \|	Federalist	March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811	Elected in 1808. Retired.
William Reed	style=background:Template:Federalist Party/meta/color \|	Federalist	March 4, 1811 – March 3, 1815	First elected in 1810. Re-elected in 1812. [data missing]
Timothy Pickering	style=background:Template:Federalist Party/meta/color \|	Federalist	March 4, 1815 – March 3, 1817	Redistricted from 3rd district and elected here in 1814. Lost re-election
Nathaniel Silsbee	style=background:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color \|	Democratic- Republican	March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1821	First elected in 1816. Re-elected in 1818. Retired.
Gideon Barstow	style=background:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color \|	Democratic- Republican	March 4, 1821 – March 3, 1823	Elected in 1820. Retired.
Benjamin W. Crowninshield	style=background:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color \|	Adams-Clay Republican	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825	First elected in 1822. Re-elected in 1824. Re-elected in 1826. Re-elected in 1828. Lost re-election
	style=background:Template:Anti-Jacksonian Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Adams	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1829
	style=background:Template:Anti-Jacksonian Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Anti- Jacksonian	March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831
Rufus Choate	style=background:Template:Anti-Jacksonian Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Anti- Jacksonian	March 4, 1831 – June 30, 1834	First elected in 1830. Re-elected in 1832. Resigned.
Vacant			June 30, 1834 – December 1, 1834
Stephen C. Phillips	style=background:Template:Anti-Jacksonian Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Anti- Jacksonian	December 1, 1834 – March 3, 1837	First elected to finish Choate's term Also elected to the full term in 1834. Re-elected in 1836. Resigned to become Mayor of Salem
Stephen C. Phillips	style=background:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Whig	March 4, 1837 – September 28, 1838
Leverett Saltonstall	style=background:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Whig	December 5, 1838 – March 3, 1843	First elected to finish Phillips's term in 1838. Also elected to the full term in 1838. Re-elected in 1840. Lost re-election
Daniel P. King	style=background:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Whig	March 4, 1843 – July 25, 1850	First elected in 1842. Re-elected in 1844. Re-elected in 1846. Re-elected in 1848. Died.
Vacant			July 25, 1850 – March 3, 1851
Robert Rantoul, Jr.	style=background:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	March 4, 1851 – August 7, 1852	First elected in 1850. Died.
Vacant			August 7, 1852 – December 13, 1852
Francis B. Fay	style=background:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Whig	December 13, 1852 – March 3, 1853	Elected to finish Rantoul's term Retired.
Samuel L. Crocker	style=background:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Whig	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	Elected in 1852. Lost re-election
James Buffington^[8]	style=background:Template:American Party (United States)/meta/color \|	American	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	First elected in 1854. Re-elected in 1856. Re-elected in 1858. Re-elected in 1860. Retired.
James Buffington^[8]	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1863
Oakes Ames^[5]	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1873	First elected in 1862. Re-elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Re-elected in 1868. Re-elected in 1870. Retired.
Benjamin W. Harris^[9]^[10]	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1883	First elected in 1872. Re-elected in 1874. Re-elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. Retired.
John D. Long	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1889	First elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Retired.
Elijah A. Morse	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1893	First elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Redistricted to 12th district.
Frederick H. Gillett^[11]^[12]	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1925	First elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Retired to run for U.S. Senate
George B. Churchill	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1925 – July 1, 1925	Elected in 1924. Died.
Vacant			July 1, 1925 – September 29, 1925
Henry L. Bowles	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	September 29, 1925 – March 3, 1929	First elected to finish Churchill's term Re-elected in 1926. Retired.
Will Kirk Kaynor	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	March 4, 1929 – December 20, 1929	Elected in 1928. Died.
Vacant			December 20, 1929 – February 11, 1930
William J. Granfield	style=background:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	February 11, 1930 – January 3, 1937	First elected to finish Kaynor's term Also elected to full term in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Retired.
Charles R. Clason^[13]	style=background:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1949	First elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Lost re-election
Foster Furcolo	style=background:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	January 3, 1949 – September 30, 1952	First elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Retired and then resigned early when appointed State Treasurer
Vacant			September 30, 1952 – January 3, 1953
Edward Boland^[14]	style=background:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1989	First elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Retired.
Richard Neal^[15]	style=background:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	January 3, 1989 – January 3, 2013	First elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to the 1st district.
Jim McGovern	style=background:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	January 3, 2013 – Present	Redistricted from 3rd district and elected here in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016.
Representative	Party		Years	Electoral history

Recent election results

2nd district election in 1988
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Neal	156,262	80.23
	Communist	Louis R. Godena	38,446	19.74
	Write-in		52	0.01
Majority			117,816	60.40
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2nd district election in 1990
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	134,152	67.99	−12.24
	Write-in		63,169	32.01	+32.00
Majority			70,983	35.98	−24.42
Turnout			197,321
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 1992
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	131,215	53.09	−14.90
	Republican	Anthony W. Ravosa, Jr.	76,795	31.07	+31.07
	Independent	Thomas R. Sheehan	38,963	15.76	+15.76
	Write-in		190	0.07	−31.94
Majority			54,420	22.02	−13.96
Turnout			247,163
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 1994
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	117,178	58.55	+5.46
	Republican	John M. Briare	72,732	36.34	+5.27
	Natural Law	Kate Ross	10,167	5.08	+5.08
	Write-in		46	0.02	−0.05
Majority			44,446	22.21	+0.19
Turnout			200,123
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 1996
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	162,995	71.67	+13.12
	Republican	Mark Steele	49,885	21.94	−14.40
	Independent	Scott Andrichak	9,181	4.04	+4.04
	Natural Law	Richard Kaynor	5,124	2.25	−2.83
	Write-in		226	0.10	+0.08
Majority			113,110	49.74	+27.53
Turnout			227,411
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 1998
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	130,550	98.95	+27.28
	Write-in		1,383	1.05	+0.95
Majority			129,167	97.90	+48.16
Turnout			131,933
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2000
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	196,670	98.91	−0.04
	Write-in		2,176	1.09	+0.04
Majority			194,494	97.81	−0.09
Turnout			253,867
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2002
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	153,387	99.13	+0.22
	Write-in		1,341	0.87	−0.22
Majority			152,046	98.26	+0.45
Turnout			208,498
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2004
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	217,682	98.96	−0.17
	Write-in		2,282	1.04	+0.17
Majority			227,183	97.92	−0.34
Turnout			287,871
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2006
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	164,939	98.65	−0.31
	Write-in		2,254	1.35	+0.31
Majority			162,685	97.30	−0.62
Turnout			214,939
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2008
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	234,369	98.47	−0.18
	Write-in		3,631	1.53	+0.18
Majority			230,738	96.95	−0.35
Turnout			306,820
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2010
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Neal (Incumbent)	122,751	57.33	−41.14
	Republican	Thomas A. Wesley	91,209	42.60	+42.60
	Write-in		164	0.08	−1.45
Majority			31,542	14.73	−82.12
Turnout			220,424
	Democratic hold		Swing

2nd district election in 2012^[16]^[17]
This election followed redistricting.
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jim McGovern (Incumbent)	259,257	98.5
	Write-in		4,078	1.5
Total votes			263,335	100
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2nd district election in 2014^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jim McGovern (Incumbent)	169,640	98.20
	Write-in		3,105	1.80
Total votes			172,745	100
	Democratic hold

2nd district election in 2016^[19]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jim McGovern (Incumbent)	275,487	98.24
	Write-in		4,924	1.76
Total votes			280,411	100
	Democratic hold

The 2018 election will take place on November 6, 2018.

References

^ "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
^ http://www.sec.state.ma.us/spr/sprcat/catpdf2010/cong2010/CongressionalDistrict_2011State.pdf Access Date March 29, 2012
^ ^a ^b ^c "United States - Massachusetts - MA - District 02". Our Campaigns. April 14, 2011. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
^ "State Apportionment; districts of the Commonwealth for the choice of one representative to Congress in each district". Massachusetts Register ... for 1843. Boston: Loring. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 59th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1905. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 64th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1916. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the Second Session of the Thirty-Seventh Congress. Washington DC: House of Representatives. 1861. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ Ben. Perley Poore (1878). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 45th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ Ben. Perley Poore (1882). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 47th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ L.A. Coolidge (1897). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Fifth Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ A.J. Halford (1909). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 60th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 75th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1938. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 90th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1968. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Massachusetts". 1991-1992 Official Congressional Directory: 102nd Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1991. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
^ "Return of Votes for Massachusetts State Elections, November 6, 2013" (PDF). Secretary of State for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. November 23, 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
^ The totals do not include Blank/Scatterings Ballots although they were reported.
^ "Massachusetts Secretary of State Election Results 2014" (PDF). Massachusetts Secretary of State. November 4, 2014. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
^ "Massachusetts Secretary of State General Election Results 2016". Massachusetts Secretary of State. November 8, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links

CNN.com 2004 election results
CNN.com 2006 election results
Map of Massachusetts's 2nd Congressional District, via Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth^{[dead link]}

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Missouri's 9th congressional district	Home district of the Speaker of the House May 19, 1919 – March 3, 1925	Succeeded by Ohio's 1st congressional district

42°23′06″N 72°07′07″W / 42.38500°N 72.11861°W / 42.38500; -72.11861

[Cook-1] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[2] ttp://www.sec.state.ma.us/spr/sprcat/catpdf2010/cong2010/CongressionalDistrict_2011State.pdf Access Date March 29, 2012

[OurCampaigns-3] "United States - Massachusetts - MA - District 02". Our Campaigns. April 14, 2011. Retrieved February 11, 2012.

[4] "State Apportionment; districts of the Commonwealth for the choice of one representative to Congress in each district". Massachusetts Register ... for 1843. Boston: Loring. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1869-5] Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1905-6] "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 59th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1905. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1916-7] "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 64th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1916. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1861-8] "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the Second Session of the Thirty-Seventh Congress. Washington DC: House of Representatives. 1861. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1878-9] Ben. Perley Poore (1878). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 45th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1882-10] Ben. Perley Poore (1882). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 47th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1897-11] L.A. Coolidge (1897). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Fifth Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1909-12] A.J. Halford (1909). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 60th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1938-13] "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 75th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1938. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[14] "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 90th Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1968. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[directory1991-15] "Massachusetts". 1991-1992 Official Congressional Directory: 102nd Congress. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. 1991. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

[MassSOS-2012-16] "Return of Votes for Massachusetts State Elections, November 6, 2013" (PDF). Secretary of State for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. November 23, 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2013.

[note-17] The totals do not include Blank/Scatterings Ballots although they were reported.

[Generalelection-2014-18] "Massachusetts Secretary of State Election Results 2014" (PDF). Massachusetts Secretary of State. November 4, 2014. Retrieved December 26, 2014.

[General-2016-19] "Massachusetts Secretary of State General Election Results 2016". Massachusetts Secretary of State. November 8, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.

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v t e Massachusetts's current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators	▌Elizabeth Warren (D) ▌Ed Markey (D)
Representatives (ordered by district)	▌Richard Neal (D) ▌Jim McGovern (D) ▌Lori Trahan (D) ▌Jake Auchincloss (D) ▌Katherine Clark (D) ▌Seth Moulton (D) ▌Ayanna Pressley (D) ▌Stephen Lynch (D) ▌Bill Keating (D)