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Mogilev

Coordinates: 53°54′N 30°20′E / 53.900°N 30.333°E / 53.900; 30.333
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This article is about city in Belarus. For the city in Ukraine, see Mohyliv-Podilskyi.

53°54′N 30°20′E / 53.900°N 30.333°E / 53.900; 30.333

Mogilev
Mahiloŭ
Магілёў
Могилёв
Coat of arms of Mogilev Mahiloŭ
Coat of arms
Country
Subdivision		 Belarus
Mahilyow Voblast
Founded1267
Government
 • MayorStanisłaŭ Baradaŭka
Population
 (2009)
 • Total360,918
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
License plate6
Websitehttp://www.city.mogilev.by

Mogilev (also spelled Mahilyow, also transliterated Mahilioŭ, Mahiloŭ, Mogilyov; Belarusian: Магілёў, Mahiloŭ, pronounced [maɣʲiˈlʲou̯]; Russian: Могилёв, [məɡʲɪˈlʲof]) is a city in eastern Belarus, about 76 km from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and 105 km from the border with Russia's Bryansk Oblast. As of 2011, its population was 360,918.[1] It is the administrative centre of Mahilyow voblast and the third largest city in Belarus.

History

The city was founded in 1267. Since 14th century a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after the Union of Lublin and creation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, it was transferred to The Crown as Mohylew or Mogilew. The city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east-west and north-south trading routes. In 1577 king Stefan Batory granted it with city rights. After the First Partition of Poland it came into the hands of Imperial Russia and was the centre of the Mogilev guberniya. In years 1915–1917, during World War I, the Stavka, the headquarters of the Russian Imperial Army functioned in the city and the Tsar, Nicholas II, spent long periods here as Commander-in-Chief. In 1918 occupied by Germany and transferred to the short-lived Belarusian People's Republic. In 1919 captured by the forces of Bolshevist Russia and incorporated into Byelorussian SSR. Up to the Second World War and the Holocaust, like many other cities in Europe, Mogilev had a significant Jewish population: according to Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 41,100, Jews constituted 21,500 (so around 50% percent).[2] Between 1941 and 1944 the city was under German occupation. During that period, the Jews of Mogilev were ghettoized and systematically liquidated.[3] Since Belarus gaining its independence in 1991 Mahilyow remains one of its principal cities.

Street in the centre

Economy

Mahilyow is one of the main economical and industrial centres of Belarus. After World War II a huge metallurgy centre with several major steel mills were built. Also, there were several major factories of cranes, cars, tractors and a chemical plant. The city is home to a major inland port at the Dnieper river and a domestic airport.

Main sights

The town's most striking landmark is the late 17th-century town hall. The grand tower of the town hall sustained serious damage during the Great Northern War and the Great Patriotic War. It was eventually demolished in 1957. The town hall was rebuilt in its pre-war form in 2008.

Another important landmark of Mahilyow is the six-pillared St. Stanislaw's Cathedral, built in the Baroque style in 1738–52 and distinguished by its energetic murals. The convent of St. Nicholas, preserves its magnificent cathedral from 1668, as well as original iconostasis, belltower, walls, and gates. It is currently under consideration to become a UNESCO World Heritage site.[4]

Minor landmarks include the archiepiscopal palace and memorial arch, both dating from the 1780s, and the enormous theatre in the blend of the Neo-Renaissance and Russian Revival styles.

At Polykovichi, an urban part of Mahilyow, there is a 350 metre tall guyed TV mast, one of the tallest structures in Belarus.

  • The Convent of St. Nicholas
    The Convent of St. Nicholas
  • The Russian Orthodox church
    The Russian Orthodox church
  • St. Stanislaw's Cathedral
    St. Stanislaw's Cathedral

Notable natives

Twin towns – Sister cities

Mahilyow is twinned with:

References

  1. ^ Ярковец, А.И. (2011). "Численность населения на 1 января 2011 года и среднегодовая численность населения за 2010 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". Официальный сайт Национального статистического комитета Республики Беларусь (in русский). Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь. p. 21. Archived from the original (Статистический бюллетень) on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 2012-01-13. {{cite web}}: More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. ^ Joshua D. Zimmerman, Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, ISBN 0-299-19464-7, Google Print, p.16
  3. ^ [1]
  4. ^ St. Nicholas Monastery Complex in the city of Mahilyou – UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  5. ^ "Kragujevac City Partners". © 2008 Information service of Kragujevac City. Retrieved 2008-10-27. [dead link]
  6. ^ "Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr". Retrieved 2010-12-29. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
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