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Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848)

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This article is about a Royal Navy and Royal Marines medal for long service and good conduct. For other medals named "Long Service and Good Conduct Medal", see Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.

Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848)
1848 Queen Victoria version, with 1½" wide suspender and ribbon
TypeMilitary long service medal
Country United Kingdom
EligibilityNaval Other Ranks, Officers from the ranks from 1981, all Officers from 2016
StatusCurrent
Established1848
Ribbon Bars until and from 1874
Order of wear
Next (higher)Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military)
EquivalentNaval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830)
Next (lower)Medal for Meritorious Service (Royal Navy 1918-1928)

The Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848) is a long service medal awarded to regular members of Her Majesty's Naval Service. It was instituted by Queen Victoria to replace the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830), and could be awarded to other ranks and men serving in the Royal Navy and Royal Marines.[1][2] Since 2016, after a number of changes in eligibility, all regular members of the Royal Navy and Royal Marines (ratings, marines and officers) who have completed fifteen years of reckonable service can be awarded the medal.

Origin

The Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830) was introduced on 20 November 1830 and ratified by King William IV on 24 August 1831. This medal, known as the "anchor type", could only be awarded to selected other ranks, ratings or marines after altogether 21 years of service and good conduct. It remained in use until 1847, ten years into the reign of Queen Victoria.[3][4][5]

Institution

The Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848) was instituted by Queen Victoria to replace the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830). The new medal could still only be awarded to other ranks, ratings and marines, but from March 1981 it could also be awarded to officers who had completed at least twelve years of service in the ranks before being commissioned.[1]

Award criteria

When it was instituted in 1848, the medal could be awarded after 21 years of unblemished service. The qualifying period was reduced to ten years in 1874, and then increased again to eighteen years. The time served requirement was finally reduced to fifteen years with effect from 1 December 1977.[1][2][6][7]

Eligibility

An other rank, rating or marine who had completed fifteen years of reckonable service and who held three good conduct badges, became eligible to receive the medal. Since there were a number of offences which would normally preclude the award of the medal, awards were only made after a thorough check of a sailor's service record. The award of the medal required the recommendation of the individual's commanding officer and it could therefore only be awarded to serving personnel. Along with the medal, a recipient was paid a gratuity.[1][2][3][6][8][9]

The first good conduct badge could be awarded upon completion of two years service, with the required standard of conduct not falling below "Very Good". The second could be granted after a further four years, or six years total service, and the third after another six years, or twelve years total service. Further good conduct badges could be awarded every six years. When in uniform, a large inverted chevron was worn on the lower left forearm to denote the award of a good conduct badge, with subsequent awards represented by additional chevrons.[4][6][10]

Clasp

During the reign of King George V a clasp to the medal was introduced. The clasp can be awarded for an additional fifteen years of service, subject to the same requirements as those for the award of the medal.[1][2][6]

Officers

Regular Force officers were not previously eligible for any long service awards since, as they held a commission, they were expected to serve honourably and for a long period of time. From March 1981 officers also became eligible for the award of the medal, but only if at least twelve of the fifteen years of service had been in the ranks and provided that the conduct requirements for the award of the medal had been met. Also from that date, an officer became eligible for the award of the clasp if at least twenty-two of the thirty years of his or her service had been in the ranks and provided that the conduct requirements had been met.[1][2][6][11] This changed in October 2016 when officers who had not previously served in the ranks were also granted eligibility, providing their record was clear of disciplinary entries.[12]

Order of wear

In the order of wear prescribed by the British Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848) ranks on par with the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830) that it replaced. It takes precedence after the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) and before the Medal for Meritorious Service (Royal Navy 1918-1928).[13]

Description

The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter, slightly larger than the earlier "anchor type" medal of 1830, which is 34 millimetres (1.34 inches) in diameter.[1]

Obverse
The obverse of the medal shows the effigy of the reigning monarch. Since the medal was instituted in 1848, seven obverse versions have been awarded, with two versions each during the reigns of Queen Victoria and King George V.[1][2]

Reverse
The reverse shows a starboard broadside view of HMS Victory, a three-masted ship of the line and Lord Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The ship is encircled by a rope tied with a reef knot at the foot and with the words "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" around the circumference between the rope and the raised rim.[1][5][6][7][14]

The design on the reverse has remained virtually unaltered through all versions of the medal. Generally speaking, the two early Queen Victoria versions with a wide suspender had a slightly different reverse with a larger flag at the masthead of the ship, while the later narrow suspender and subsequent versions had a more triangular flag.[5]

Clasp
The clasp bears a laurel leaf design. When the ribbon bar alone is worn, a silver rosette on the ribbon denotes the award of a clasp.[1][2][6]

Ribbon
The original 1848 ribbon, worn with the original wide suspender version of the medal, is 38 millimetres wide and Navy blue, with 7 millimetres wide white edges. Along with the second version of the medal with its narrower suspender that was introduced in 1874, the ribbon dimensions were changed to 32 millimetres wide and Navy blue, with 6½ millimetres wide white edges.[1][2][4][5][6][9]

Versions

Queen Victoria

1874 Queen Victoria version, with 1¼" wide suspender and ribbon

The first version of the medal has the effigy of Queen Victoria on the obverse and was designed by William Wyon, the chief engraver at the Royal Mint from 1828 until his death. The reverse has the image of HMS Victory that would remain virtually unchanged through all subsequent versions of the medal. The details of the recipient were either engraved or, after 1877, impressed around the edge of the medal, showing his service number, rank and name and, until the early 1880s, also the name of a Naval rating's ship or shore establishment or a Marine's division.[4][5][9][15]

Two versions of the Queen Victoria obverse were produced. An estimated 100 of the medals have the year "1848" in relief below Queen Victoria's bust. These medals were struck in error using the die for the Naval General Service Medal (1847).[16]

Two versions of suspender were also produced. The first medals, including the dated ones, had a straight suspender that was wide enough to accept the 38 millimetres (1½ inches) wide ribbon. The suspender was changed to a narrower width in 1875, to accept a new 32 millimetres (1¼ inches) wide ribbon. Both types of suspender were swiveling and were affixed to the medal by means of a double-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal.[4][5]

King Edward VII

King Edward VII version

The King Edward VII version appeared after his succession to the throne on 22 January 1901. The obverse has a raised rim, with the King's effigy in Admiral's uniform, facing left and inscribed "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR" around the perimeter. The initials "De S" below the epaulette on the King's left shoulder are those of the engraver, British medallist George William de Saulles.[14][17]

The medal has a swiveling bar suspension, attached to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the medal rim.[17]

King George V

King George V version 1

King George V succeeded to the throne on 6 May 1910. Two versions of obverse were awarded during his reign, both with raised rims. The first version shows the King in Admiral's uniform, facing left and inscribed "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:" around the perimeter.[14]

King George V version 2

The second version with the coinage effigy appeared in the 1920s and shows the King bareheaded and facing left. The inscription around the perimeter on this version of the medal is the same as on the first. The initials "BM" on the truncation of the King's neck are those of the designer of the obverse, Bertram Mackennal, an Australian sculptor.[18]

Both versions have non-swiveling bar suspensions, attached to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the medal rim.[5]

King George VI

King George VI version

The King George VI version appeared after he succeeded to the throne on 11 December 1936. The medal also has a raised rim and shows the King bareheaded and facing left. The medal is inscribed "GEORGIVS VI D: G: BR: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP." around the perimeter.[5]

The initials "HP" below the truncation of the King's neck are those of the designer of the obverse of the medal, Thomas Humphrey Paget, an English medal and coin designer.[19]

This version of the medal also has a non-swiveling bar suspension, attached to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the medal rim.[5]

Queen Elizabeth II

Queen Elizabeth II version

The Queen Elizabeth II version appeared after she succeeded to the throne on 6 February 1952. The medal shows a bareheaded effigy of the Queen, facing right, and is inscribed "ELIZABETH•II•DEI•GRATIA•REGINA•F:D:", reading around from a cross at the top. The effigy was designed by Mary Gillick and was also used on general-circulation coinage for the United Kingdom from 1953, as well as in cameo form on British commemorative postage stamps since 1966.[5][20]

The Queen Elizabeth II version reverted to swivelling suspenders. While the double scroll claw supports of the earlier versions were retained, the suspender is attached to the top of the medal rim without the hitherto used claw and pin attachment.[5]

Notable recipients

2016 revision

In March 2015 the intention to introduce a single new long service medal for all three Arms of the Service was announced, to replace the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military), the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848) and the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. The proposed medal will be awarded after fifteen years of service, regardless of rank, and while the good conduct element of the award criteria will remain, it will only apply to the last five years of the fifteen-year aggregate time served requirement. With this medal Officers, who have had no medallic recognition for long service unless they were commissioned after serving at least twelve years in the ranks, will also be rewarded for their dedication. Subject to agreement from Her Majesty The Queen, a new medal design will be commissioned and the first presentations should take place in 2016.[22]

In October 2016, it was announced that the Long Service and Good Conduct Medals of the respective services would be extended to all personnel, including officers, who meet the requirements of award. This change is retroactive to those officers still on active service from 29 July 2014. Additionally, clasps will be awarded for an additional 10 years of eligible service with a back date to 29 July 2014 for officers and to 1 October 2016 for other ranks.[23][24]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Stephen Stratford Medals site - British Military & Criminal History - 1900 to 1999 - Army Long Service & Good Conduct Medal Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine (Accessed 26 May 2015)
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Online Medals - Royal Navy Medal For Long Service & Good Conduct (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  3. ^ a b RN Anchor type Naval Long Service & Good Conduct medals - Introduction (Accessed 7 June 2015)
  4. ^ a b c d e World Naval Ships Forums - Royal Naval Long Service & Good Conduct Medals - Posted by Odin at 17:25 on 20 March 2008 (Accessed 8 June 2015)
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k The Real Royal Engineers - The Royal Navy Long Service & Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 8 June 2015)
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Gov.UK - Defence and Armed Forces - guidance - Medals: campaigns, descriptions and eligibility - LS and GCM (RN) (Accessed 8 June 2015)
  7. ^ a b McCreery, Christopher (2011). The Canadian Forces’ Decoration (PDF). Ottawa: Directorate of Honours and Recognition National Defence Headquarters. pp. 5–9. (Accessed 26 May 2015)
  8. ^ Why the Naval/Marines Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (LSGC) is Called the "Pea Do" (Accessed 7 June 2015)
  9. ^ a b c The Fitzwilliam Museum - Navy Long Service & Good Conduct Medal, awarded to Pvt. John Lea 1848 (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  10. ^ The Royal Marines - Royal Navy Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  11. ^ National Defence and the Canadian Forces - Obsolete Long Service Awards (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  12. ^ The Gazette - Long Service and Good Conduct Medal: the new rules (Accessed 28 April 2018)
  13. ^ "No. 56878". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 March 2003. p. 3352.
  14. ^ a b c Veterans Affairs Canada - Royal Canadian Navy Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  15. ^ World Naval Ships Forums - Royal Naval Long Service & Good Conduct Medals - Posted by Odin at 17:25 on 20 March 2008, response #7 by RCN on 8 April 2008 (Accessed 11 June 2015)
  16. ^ World Naval Ships Forums - Royal Naval Long Service & Good Conduct Medals - Posted by Odin at 17:25 on 20 March 2008, response #6 by RCN on 8 April 2008 (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  17. ^ a b Medal-Medaille - Royal Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Edward VII, 1901-1910 issue, rare attribution to H.M. Coast Guard (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  18. ^ The Fitzwilliam Museum - Navy Long Service & Good Conduct Medal, awarded to Mech. E. F. Walter between 1910 & 1921 (Accessed 11 June 2015)
  19. ^ The Royal Mint Museum - The portrait of George VI (Accessed 11 June 2015)
  20. ^ Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851-1951 - Mrs Mary Gaskell Gillick OBE (Accessed 12 June 2015)
  21. ^ "Claude Choules". HMAS CANBERRA FFG-02 site. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
  22. ^ Ministry of Defence News Story, 26 March 2015 - New recognition for Reserve and Regular military service (Accessed 9 June 2015)
  23. ^ "Long Service and Good Conduct rules updated". Ministry of Defence. 6 October 2016. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  24. ^ "JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces Part 1: Directive" (PDF). Ministry of Defence. pp. 5−1–5B−4. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
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