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Rainbow Coalition (Philippines)

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Rainbow Coalition
LeaderJose De Venecia
FounderJose De Venecia
Founded1992
Dissolved1998
Succeeded bySunshine Coalition
Political positionBig tent
National affiliation

The Rainbow Coalition was a multi-party coalition in the House of Representatives of the Philippines in 1992 composed of Lakas (mainly), NPC (1992–1997), LDP (1992–1997), Liberal, and Nacionalista (1992–2001), PDP–Laban, and KBL.[1] The coalition was led by then-House Speaker Jose De Venecia.[2]

History

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After the victory with plurality result of Fidel Valdez Ramos of Lakas as president in 1992, Pangasinan's Jose de Venecia (also from Lakas), from its 4th congressional district was tasked to create a multi-party coalition to solidify the House of Representatives so the legislative agenda of the president can be passed into law.[3][4][5] Also, Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP) won the largest amount seats with 86, while Lakas gained 41 seats, and the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) of Danding Cojuangco, one of Ramos' opponent gained 30 seats.[6] De Venecia later created coalition with those parties, adding Liberal Party and Nacionalista Party.[1][7]

The coalition also continued in 1995, especially when Lakas and LDP formed Lakas–Laban Coalition.[8]

But in 1998, after LDP and NPC bolted of the coalition to support Vice President Joseph Estrada's run for president, the coalition became defunct, and also De Venecia was the standard bearer of Lakas to match Estrada.[9]

Successor coalitions

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Sunshine Coalition

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After the ouster of Joseph Estrada in the presidency, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo assumed presidency, and in 2001 elections, after three years, and his presidential run defeat in 1998, former House Speaker Jose de Venecia returned to his post as speaker.[10][11][12] De Venecia revived the coalition model in 2001 elections, and renamed it Sunshine Coalition, with the former members of older coalition was recruited again, with the addition of PDP–Laban, Reporma, Aksyon Demokratiko, Imee Marcos' Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL), and Tomas Osmeña's Probinsya Muna Development Initiative (PROMDI).[13] LDP stayed on the Estrada's side.[2]

In 2003, after the failure of impeachment filing in the House against Chief Justice Hilario Davide, rumors speculated that the coalition will go to abolishment, as pro-impeachment congressmen, mainly from the NPC disappointed in the failure of impeachment.[1] The rumors spread, also saying that there is a faction that are lacking of satisfaction on de Venecia and will challenge his speakership.[1][14] NPC later promoted to quit in the coalition for the 2004 elections,[15] and later rumored to join the opposition.[16]

After the coalition's disbandment, Congressman from Surigao del Norte's 1st district Ace Barbers proposed to create a Dawn Coalition to secure de Venecia's spot as speaker.[13]

Formula usage

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2013

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President Benigno Aquino III's Team PNoy senatorial slate was composed of only three Liberal Party members was composed of the slate (Bam Aquino, Jamby Madrigal, and Jun Magsaysay). The others are from Nacionalista Party, PDP–Laban, Independent politicians, and from party-list Akbayan. A Rappler article said that the strategy of the slate was based on De Venecia's formula in 1992.[17]

2016

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After the 2016 elections, Rodrigo Duterte was elected as president, Pantaleon Alvarez, the soon to be Speaker of the House organized a coalition building similar to Rainbow Coalition, this time with PDP–Laban as the leading party of the coalition.[7]

Criticism

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Ed Lingao, a former Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism personnel and TV5 News anchor presented on his segment News explainED that the formation of Rainbow Coalition caused the legislative branch in 1992 to almost losing an opposition bloc, alliances does not have clear intentions or goals, and the characters of every political parties melted, as it resulted to be all just the same.[18]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "'Sunshine Coalition' bubuwagin sa 13th Congress". Philstar.com. June 10, 2004. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  2. ^ a b Romero, Paolo (November 13, 2003). "Lakas alliance with NPC in limbo". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  3. ^ Magno, Alex (August 31, 2024). "Weaver". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  4. ^ "Jose de Venecia Jr.: House Speaker for 5 terms, lawmaker and peacemaker". Manila Bulletin. September 13, 2024. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  5. ^ de Venecia, Jr., Jose (September 28, 2024). "Reflecting on earlier years in politics and campaigns". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  6. ^ Romero, Paolo (October 11, 2003). "Lakas-NPC alliance tried and tested — JDV". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  7. ^ a b Villanueva, Marichu A. (June 3, 2016). "Rainbow coalition reborn". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  8. ^ "JDV says he's running scared". Philstar.com. July 14, 2004. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  9. ^ Geronimo, Jee (November 27, 2021). "[ANALYSIS] Authoritarian contamination after EDSA". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  10. ^ "JDV: I'm no angel, but…". Philstar.com. June 17, 2001. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  11. ^ "De Venecia bent on speakership comeback". Philstar.com. April 17, 2001. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  12. ^ Diaz, Jess (July 23, 2001). "JDV elected Speaker today". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  13. ^ a b Echeminada, Perseus (June 26, 2004). "…'Dawn coalition' for De Venecia". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  14. ^ Romero, Paolo (November 12, 2003). "JDV belittles bid to unseat him as Speaker". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  15. ^ Samia, Pamela (October 12, 2003). "NPC timetable set for 2004 polls". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  16. ^ Romero, Paolo (October 6, 2003). "NPC rebuffs LDP: No decision on coalition yet". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  17. ^ Gutierrez, Natashya (October 1, 2012). "Aquino launches own rainbow coalition". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  18. ^ "NEWS ExplainED: Pinagmulan ng Lakas-CMD". www.youtube.com. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
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