Rakahanga-Manihiki language
| Rakahanga-Manihiki | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Cook Islands |
| Region | Rakahanga and Manihiki islands |
Native speakers | 320 in the Cook Islands (2011 census)[1] 2,500 in New Zealand, based on a cited population of 5,000 (1981) being half in Cook Islands and half in New Zealand[2] |
Austronesian
| |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Cook Islands |
| Regulated by | Kopapa Reo |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | rkh |
| Glottolog | raka1237 |
| ELP | Rakahanga-Manihiki |
Rakahanga-Manihiki is a Cook Islands Maori dialectal variant[3] belonging to the Polynesian languages family, spoken by about 2500 people on Rakahanga and Manihiki Islands (part of the Cook Islands) and another 2500 in other countries, mostly New Zealand and Australia. Wurm and Hattori consider Rakahanga-Manihiki as a distinct language with "limited intelligibility with Rarotongan"[4] (i.e. the Cook Islands Maori dialectal variant of Rarotonga). According to the New Zealand Maori anthropologist Te Rangi Hīroa who spent few days on Rakahanga in the years 1920, "the language is a pleasing dialect and has closer affinities with [New Zealand] Maori than with the dialects of Tongareva, Tahiti, and the Cook Islands"[5]
References
- ^ Rakahanga-Manihiki at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Rakahanga-Manihiki at Ethnologue (13th ed., 1996).
- ^ "Reo Maori Act" (2003)
- ^ Wurm and Hattori,"atlas of Pacific area" (1981), the only source of the SIL and ISO 639-3 codification
- ^ "Ethnology of Manihiki and Rakahanga", Bernice P. Bishop Museum, 1932. This book was the source of Wurm and Hattori Atlas
Indicative bibliography
- Manihikian Traditional Narratives: In English and Manihikian: Stories of the Cook Islands (Na fakahiti o Manihiki). Papatoetoe, New Zealand: Te Ropu Kahurangi.1988
- E au tuatua ta'ito no Manihiki, Kauraka Kauraka, IPS, USP, Suva. 1987.
- "No te kapuaanga o te enua nei ko Manihiki (the origin of the island of Manihiki)", in JPS, 24 (1915), p. 140-144.
External links
- Te Reo Maori Act (2003)
- Ethnology of Manihiki and Rakahanga",Bernice P. Bishop Museum, 1932 (Chapter dealing with Rakahanga Manihiki "language" and its writing system at the beginning of the twentieth century.
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